Lactic acid bacteria and staphylococci improve swallowability of fermented meat pastes by modulating texture and flavor.

This study aims to enhance the swallowing characteristics of fermented meat pastes by improving their texture and flavor through the targeted inoculation of different starter cultures. () and () were each combined with () or () to prepare fermented meat pastes. The LS ( + ) exhibited significantly higher protease activity, which reduced hardness, gumminess, and chewiness ( < 0.

Hypoglycemia Induces Diabetic Macrovascular Endothelial Dysfunction via Endothelial Cell PANoptosis, Macrophage Polarization, and VSMC Fibrosis.

Hypoglycemia is a commonly neglected complication in elderly diabetic patients, which can lead to cardiovascular events. Endothelial cell dysfunction is the primary inducer of cardiovascular events, and it is associated with hypoglycemia-triggered cytokine release and inflammatory programmed cell death. A comprehensive understanding of lineage-specific variations in pathological vascular changes is essential to mitigate cardiovascular events and ensure therapeutic efficacy.

Finerenone ameliorates high-fat-induced myocardial lipotoxicity by suppressing ferroptosis through augmenting the system Xc/GSH synthesis pathway.

Obesity cardiomyopathy (OCM) is a distinct clinical entity in cardiovascular disease, yet targeted therapeutic options are scarce. Finerenone, a novel nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, has shown cardioprotective effects, but its role in mitigating OCM lipotoxicity is unclear. To elucidate the underlying functions and mechanisms, rats were fed on an HFD for 16 weeks to establish the OCM model.

PPP2CB aggravates atherosclerosis-related dyslipidemia via LOX-1/MAPK/ERK signaling pathway.

Background: Dyslipidemia has been extensively documented as a key driver of cardiovascular pathology. Regulating lipid homeostasis holds promise for treating atherosclerosis (AS). Although the protein phosphatase 2 catalytic subunit beta (PPP2CB) is involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation, its role in AS-associated dyslipidemia is not well understood.

ALKBH5 induces macrophage activation to promote renal fibrosis via Retnla.

Renal fibrosis is a common pathological endpoint of various chronic kidney diseases. Macrophages play an important role in the pathophysiological process of renal fibrosis. However, the exact function and molecular mechanism of macrophages during renal fibrosis remain unclear.

Single-cell and bulk RNA analysis identifies EMT-associated CAF signatures and prognostic model in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have gained increasing attention for their role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), particularly in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which may play a key role in tumor microenvironment remodeling and cancer progression. This study aims to identify CAF signature genes associated with EMT through the integration of single-cell RNA sequencing and bulk transcriptomic data, and to construct a prognostic model for LUAD to further understand the molecular mechanisms of CAFs in LUAD and their clinical significance.

Methods: We integrated RNA sequencing data and clinical information of LUAD patients from the TCGA and GEO databases, along with single-cell RNA sequencing data for cell subtype identification and EMT activity analysis.

Integrated transcriptomic analysis of COVID-19 stages and recovery: insights into key gene signatures, immune features, and diagnostic biomarkers through machine learning.

Background: COVID-19 progression and recovery involve complex gene expression changes and immune dysregulation, but their dynamic alterations remain poorly understood. Current clinical indicators lack precision in distinguishing severe cases, highlighting the need for molecular biomarkers and diagnostic tools.

Methods: Three transcriptomic datasets were analyzed: 1) COVID-19 progression from Healthy, Moderate, Severe, to ICU patients; 2) recovery stages (1, 3, and 6 months) compared to Healthy controls; and 3) COVID-19 ICU versus non-ICU patients.

Characterizing hub biomarkers for metabolic-induced endothelial dysfunction and unveiling their regulatory roles in EndMT through RNA sequencing and machine learning approaches.

Background: Metabolic disorder and endothelial dysfunction (ED) are key events in the development and pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and are associated with an elevated risk of Cardiovascular disease (CVD). The pathophysiology remains incompletely understood.

Methods: Leftover serum samples were collected and stored at -20 °C until study.

Association of sarcopenia with generalized anxiety disorder in Korean middle-aged and older adults: Results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2022.

We highlighted sarcopenia's association with psychiatric disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and aimed to explore correlations between the detection and prevention of GAD using population-based data of middle-aged and older Korean adults. This cross-sectional study data was collected through standardized surveys and physical examinations including GAD assessment survey and sarcopenia examination through muscle strength and mass assessments. We used logistic regression analysis to examine the association between sarcopenia and GAD, adjusting for relevant confounders.

All-at-once spatial proteome profiling of complex tissue context with single-cell-type resolution by proximity proteomics.

Spatial proteomics enables in-depth mapping of tissue architectures, mostly achieved by laser microdissection-mass spectrometry (LMD-MS) and antibody-based imaging. However, trade-offs among sampling precision, throughput, and proteome coverage still limit the applicability of these strategies. Here, we propose proximity labeling for spatial proteomics (PSPro) by combining precise antibody-targeted biotinylation and efficient affinity purification for all-at-once cell-type proteome capture with sub-micrometer resolution from single tissue slice.

High-dimensional non-Abelian holonomy in integrated photonics.

Non-Abelian holonomy is known for the robust holonomic unitary behavior exhibited. The associated non-Abelian geometric phase is a promising approach for implementing topologically protected computation. But its realization in application-abundant platforms has been largely elusive.

Ion exchange- and enrichment-based technology applied to large-scale plasma proteomic analysis of breast cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Mass spectrometry (MS) based proteomics provides unbiased quantification of all proteins in plasma, which can dynamically reflect individual health states in real time. However, large-scale proteomics studies are constrained by the excessive dynamic range of plasma proteome and low throughput. Herein, two kinds of magnetic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) modified with ion exchange functional groups (denoted as MHP-UiO-66-SAX and MHP-HKUST-1-SCX) were designed and fabricated to exhibit large protein adsorption capability, which were combined with an automated Liquid-handling System, thus realizing in-depth, high-throughput and automated proteomics studies.

An integrated and multifunctional homemade cell sensor platform based on Si-d-CQDs and CRISPR-Cas12a for CD31 detection during endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition.

Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) plays a crucial role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis and various disease processes. Cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31) is a significant marker in EndMT. Detecting CD31 is essential for early-stage monitoring of EndMT and diagnosing atherosclerosis.

Impact of Organ Donor Pretreatment With Anti-Thymocyte Globulin in a Murine Model of Allogenic Kidney Transplantation.

Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for end-stage organ failure. To improve transplantation outcomes, particularly of "marginal" organs from extended criteria donors (ECD), attempts have been made to therapeutically modulate donor or graft pre-transplantation. Anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) has a history as lymphocyte-depleting, immunosuppressive drug for treating rejection episodes post transplantation.

Clinical functional proteomics of intercellular signalling in pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has an atypical, highly stromal tumour microenvironment (TME) that profoundly contributes to its poor prognosis. Here, to better understand the intercellular signalling between cancer and stromal cells directly in PDAC tumours, we developed a multidimensional proteomic strategy called TMEPro. We applied TMEPro to profile the glycosylated secreted and plasma membrane proteome of 100 human pancreatic tissue samples to a great depth, define cell type origins and identify potential paracrine cross-talk, especially that mediated through tyrosine phosphorylation.

Multilayer Gelatin-Supported BMP-9 Coating Promotes Osteointegration and Neo-Bone Formation at the n-CDHA/PAA Composite Biomaterial-Bone Interface.

Background: The development of biomaterials capable of accelerating bone wound repair is a critical focus in bone tissue engineering. This study aims to evaluate the osteointegration and bone regeneration potential of a novel multilayer gelatin-supported Bone Morphogenetic Protein 9 (BMP-9) coated nano-calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite/poly-amino acid (n-CDHA/PAA) composite biomaterials, focusing on the material-bone interface, and putting forward a new direction for the research on the interface between the coating material and bone.

Methods: The BMP-9 recombinant adenovirus (Adenovirus (Ad)-BMP-9/Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSc)) was produced by transfecting BMSc and supported using gelatin (Ad-BMP-9/BMSc/Gelatin (GT).

Dissecting phospho-motif-dependent Shc1 interactome using long synthetic protein fragments.

Activated receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) rely on the assembly of signaling proteins into high-dimensional protein complexes for signal transduction. Shc1, a prototypical scaffold protein, plays a pivotal role in directing phosphotyrosine (pY)-dependent protein complex formation for numerous RTKs typically through its two pY-binding domains. The three conserved pY sites within its CH1 region (Shc1) hold particular significance due to their substantial contribution to its functions.

Spatial Proteomic Profiling of Colorectal Cancer Revealed Its Tumor Microenvironment Heterogeneity.

Colorectal cancer is a predominant malignancy with a second mortality worldwide. Despite its prevalence, therapeutic options remain constrained and surgical operation is still the most useful therapy. In this regard, a comprehensive spatially resolved quantitative proteome atlas was constructed to explore the functional proteomic landscape of colorectal cancer.

Development of a two-layer machine learning model for the forensic application of legal and illegal poppy classification based on sequence data.

Poppies are beneficial plants with a variety of applications, including medicinal, edible, ornamental, and industrial purposes. Some Papaver species are forensically significant plants because they contain opium, a narcotic substance. Internationally trafficked species of illegal poppies are being identified by DNA barcoding employing multiple markers in response to their forensic value.

A dry chemistry-based self-enhanced electrochemiluminescence lateral flow immunoassay sensor for accurate sample-to-answer detection of luteinizing hormone.

Background: Colorimetric lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) is a widely used point-of-care testing (POCT) technology, while it has entered a bottleneck period because of low detection sensitivity, expensive preparation materials, and incapable quantitative detection. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a novel POCT method that is ultrasensitive, simple, portable, and capable of accurately detecting biomarkers in biofluids daily, particularly for pregnancy preparation and early screening of diseases.

Result: In this work, a novel dry chemistry-based self-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (DC-SE-ECL) LFIA sensor is introduced for accurate POCT of luteinizing hormone (LH).

RETRACTED: Pachymic acid activates TP53INP2/TRAF6/caspase-8 pathway to promote apoptosis in renal cell carcinoma cells.

While pachymic acid (PA), a key component of Poria cocos (Schw.), has demonstrated anti-tumor effects in lung, breast, and pancreatic cancers, its impact on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is unclear. This study evaluated the effect of PA on proliferation, migration, and apoptosis in human renal cancer A498 and ACHN cells as well as in cancer xenograft mice using wound scratch test, Western blotting, and co-immunoprecipitation assays.

High-throughput drug target discovery using a fully automated proteomics sample preparation platform.

Drug development is plagued by inefficiency and high costs due to issues such as inadequate drug efficacy and unexpected toxicity. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics, particularly isobaric quantitative proteomics, offers a solution to unveil resistance mechanisms and unforeseen side effects related to off-targeting pathways. Thermal proteome profiling (TPP) has gained popularity for drug target identification at the proteome scale.

Chitosan-Based Structural Color Films for Humidity Sensing with Antiviral Effect.

This scientific investigation emphasizes the essential integration of nature's influence in crafting multifunctional surfaces with bio-inspired designs for enhanced functionality and environmental advantages. The study introduces an innovative approach, merging color decoration, humidity sensing, and antiviral properties into a unified surface using chitosan, an organo-biological polymer, to create cost-effective multilayered films through sol-gel deposition and UV photoinduced deposition of metal nanoparticles. The resulting chitosan films showcase diverse structural colors and demonstrate significant antiviral efficiency, with a 50% and 85% virus inhibition rate within a rapid 20 min reaction, validated through fluorescence cell expression and real-time qPCR (polymerase chain reaction) assays.