Evaluation efficacy and accuracy of a real-time computer-aided polyp detection system during colonoscopy: a prospective, multicentric, randomized, parallel-controlled study trial.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the second deadliest cancer globally, impacting patients' quality of life. Colonoscopy is the primary screening method for detecting adenomas and polyps, crucial for reducing long-term CRC risk, but it misses about 30% of cases. Efforts to improve detection rates include using AI to enhance colonoscopy.

Cervicovaginal Microbiome and HPV: A Standardized Approach to 16S/ITS NGS and Microbial Community Profiling for Viral Association.

16S rRNA next-generation sequencing (NGS) has significantly advanced cervicovaginal microbiome profiling, offering insights into the relationship between vaginal dysbiosis and HPV-associated carcinogenesis. However, reliance on a limited set of 16S hypervariable regions introduces inherent biases that impact results. This study developed standardized workflows for 16S/ITS NGS, with a focus on identifying methodological biases that influence microbial abundance and taxonomic specificity.

Deep adversarial learning identifies ADHD-specific associations between apoptotic genes and white matter microstructure in frontal-striatum-cerebellum circuit.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by genetic predisposition and alterations in brain structural connectivity. While existing studies have established associations between genetic variants and neuroanatomical features, the specific relationships in ADHD remained poorly understood. To address this gap, we developed adversarial deep canonical correlation analysis models (A-DCCA) to disentangle ADHD-specific and non-specific "gene-white matter" association patterns.

Optimize the farming system to improve the physical and chemical properties of soil in Northeast China, thereby increasing maize yield.

Northeast China's black soil region faces soil fertility decline, inadequate straw usage, and low maize yields. To address these issues, we conducted a two-year field experiment. The seven treatments comprised rotary ridge tillage (Con), no-tillage (T1), straw return + no-tillage (T2), deep-plowing straw return + ridge tillage (T3), deep-plowing straw return + flat tillage (T4), straw crushing and return + ridge tillage (T5), and straw crushing and return + flat tillage (T6).

Orthostatic Systolic Blood Pressure Elevation and Incident Atrial Fibrillation: Insights From the SPRINT Trial.

Exaggerated orthostatic changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP) were associated with adverse cardiovascular events. We aim to assess the association between orthostatic SBP changes and incident atrial fibrillation (AF). We performed a post hoc analysis of SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial).

Analysis of hydroxocobalamin dosage in patients with CblC deficiency.

Objective: cblC deficiency is the most common organic acidemia in China. Hydroxocobalamin (OHCbl) is the main important therapeutic approach, while no approved protocols on its dosage during stable periods exist. This study aims to analyze OHCbl dosage and explore its influencing factors, providing reference for the option of OHCbl dosage.

Takeaways from meta-analysis: indications of combinational treatments for glioblastoma.

Background: Patients with brain cancers are diagnosed based on MRI in the clinical setting while molecular signatures offer potential therapeutic targets. The necessity to re-form molecular and imaging information motivated our meta-analysis to decipher the correlation between the MRI-classified tumor locations, gene expression, and protein signatures in GBM.

Methods: We analyzed spatial and omics data alongside the assessment of post-translational modifications.

The synergy of metal-organic frameworks and biomaterials for bone tissue engineering: recent advances, challenges, and future recommendations.

There has recently been a noticeable increase in the prevalence of bone-related conditions, including osteoarthritis, arthritis, fractures, bone cancer, and infections, thereby creating an urgent demand for advanced biomaterials in regenerative medicine. Among emerging candidates, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), with their large surface area, tunable porosity, and inherent bioactivity, have demonstrated considerable potential in bone tissue engineering. Initially, research focused on pristine MOFs as bioactive scaffolds or drug delivery vehicles due to their capacity for controlled encapsulation and release of therapeutic agents.

Platelet Transfusion for Patients with Cancer: An Update.

Background: Platelet transfusion is essential for preventing and treating hemorrhage in oncology patients and can markedly improve quality of life and survival. However, access to platelet concentrates is often limited by global shortages and logistical constraints, especially in low-resource settings.

Summary: Maintaining product quality requires stringent donor screening, pathogen-reduction technologies, and optimized storage conditions to preserve hemostatic function and reduce adverse reactions.

Nanotoroids Self-Assembled from Bottlebrush Copolymers.

Toroids are cyclic, ring-shaped nanostructures with potential applications in topological materials, encapsulation, and separation. While nanotoroids naturally exist in biological systems (e.g.

Impaired sensory-motor integration in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder during visual search.

Objective: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in school-age children. Abnormal sensory-motor integration, such as concurrent visuomotor selection, is a prominent feature of ADHD. However, underlying pathophysiological substrates of impaired sensory-motor integration in childhood ADHD remain unclear.

The nonlinear effects of the subjective and objective built environment on active travel behavior: A case study of Shanghai, China.

Active travel refers to modes of transportation powered by human effort without external assistance, such as walking and cycling. This form of travel not only enhances the health of urban residents but also helps alleviate urban congestion. While the relationship between the built environment and active travel has been widely studied, the nonlinear relationship between the subjective and objective aspects of the built environment and active travel remains unclear.

Household solid fuel use heightens the risk of dual sensory impairment in middle-aged and older Chinese adults.

Background: The prevalence of dual sensory impairment (DSI), which encompasses both hearing impairment (HI) and vision impairment (VI), exceeds 10% among middle-aged and older populations worldwide. Recently, the impact of environmental factors on DSI has drawn more attention. Limited knowledge exists regarding the impact of household solid fuel use on the prevalence of DSI among Chinese adults.

Mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase metabolism disorder in malignant tumors.

This review focuses on the metabolic issues related to mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase (PDP) in malignant tumors and its potential mechanisms. Recent research on tumor metabolic mechanisms has shown that PDP dysregulation is closely linked to metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells, and potentially promotes tumor. Research has comprehensively explored the structural-functional characteristics of PDP, its metabolic regulatory mechanisms, and its role in various types of malignant tumors.

Loss of p21 does not protect against premature ovarian insufficiency caused by alkylating agents.

Background: Recent studies have focused on investigating the role of cellular senescence in ovarian aging. Targeting cellular senescence has been proposed as a potential strategy to improve ovarian aging. p16 and p21 are classical molecules involved in mediating cellular senescence.

Differential Lymphocyte Infiltration Shapes Corticosteroid Efficacy in Oral Lichen Planus.

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic, immune-mediated disorder affecting 2%-4% of the population. Corticosteroids are commonly used for treatment, but responses vary, likely due to differences in lymphocyte profiles. This study evaluated the impact of CD20+ B cells and CD38+ plasma cells on corticosteroid efficacy in OLP patients.

Evaluating the Intensity of a Potential Yellow Fever Outbreak During an International Trading Event: a Case Study on Canton Fair.

We evaluate the risk of yellow fever outbreaks in a major trade event, with a case study of Canton Fair (Guangzhou, China), caused by case importation at different stages of the trade event. Our baseline model is a standard vector-borne disease transmission dynamics system, but we incorporate the division of a calendar year into favorable and unfavorable seasons based on impacts of different climatic conditions (temperature in particular) on mosquito population dynamics. We also incorporate square-waves to describe scenarios of case importation.

Aptamer-Conjugated Magnetic Nanoparticles Integrated with SERS for Multiplex Salmonella Detection.

is a rapidly spreading and widespread zoonotic infectious disease that poses a serious threat to the safety of both poultry and human lives. Therefore, the timely detection of in foods and animals has become an urgent need for food safety. This work describes the construction of an aptamer-based sensor for detection, using FeO magnetic beads and Ag@Au core-shell nanoparticles-embedded 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4MBA).

Mono or Di? A Potential-Controlled Electrochemical Halogenation of Anilines.

In organic reactions, controlling the degree of substitution, such as monosubstitution or disubstitution, typically necessitates the use of varied reagents, reaction conditions, and temperatures, often leading to increased separation costs. Simplifying this complexity while developing more direct and efficient methods for controlling reaction outcomes remains a long-standing challenge. In this work, we present a novel and efficient electrochemical strategy that leverages the precise control of electrode potential to selectively halogenate aniline derivatives, offering a breakthrough in the reaction selectivity.

Overexpression of JAML in colorectal cancer cells predicts higher radiosensitivity by inactivating ATR pathway.

Background: Junctional adhesion molecule-like protein (JAML) is highly expressed in cancer tissues of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and promotes cancer proliferation. However, the relationship between JAML expression and radiosensitivity of CRC remains unclear.

Methods: Stable CRC cell lines with knocked down or overexpressed JAML were used to evaluate the effects of irradiation on cell viability and cell proliferation using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) and cell clone formation assay, respectively.

G Proteins-Associated Dose-Dependent Effects of Oxytocin on Oxytocin Neuronal Activity and Astrocytic Plasticity of the Supraoptic Nucleus.

Dose-dependent neuromodulation has been well established; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying astrocytic involvement in this process remain largely unexplored. Using the autoregulation of supraoptic oxytocin (OT) neurons (OTNs) as a model, we investigated the role of distinct astrocytic G proteins and their targets in the dose-dependent effects of OT on OTN activity. The results showed that OT in a low concentration (10 pmol/L, L-OT) excited OTN activity, whereas a high concentration (1 nmol/L, H-OT) inhibited it in brain slices.

Intensive Blood Pressure Control in Patients With Diabetes and Previous Stroke: A Post-Hoc Analysis of ACCORD-BP Trial.

Intensive systolic blood pressure (SBP) control reduces cardiovascular outcomes in hypertensive patients, but its effects in those with diabetes and prior stroke need further evidence. Among 4733 patients with elevated SBP enrolled in the ACCORD-BP (Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes-Blood Pressure) trial, this post-hoc analysis focused on 307 patients with type 2 diabetes and prior stroke to evaluate intensive versus standard SBP control. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), a composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke.

Breathing Colloidal Monolayers.

Reversible polymorphic transitions are common in molecular crystals and have been utilized to design reconfigurable materials. However, translating this concept to colloidal superlattices, where microscale particles are the building blocks and distinct interactions are at play, remains a challenge. Herein, we report on 2D colloidal superlattices (or monolayers) that can anisotropically expand and contract, or "breathe", reversibly transforming between polymorphs with open and closed mesopores.

The Role of the Immune Microenvironment on Osteoblast Differentiation.

Osteoblasts, derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the bone marrow, are responsible for bone formation. Osteoblast differentiation is orchestrated by a spectrum of biological signals, with immune-derived components serving as indispensable regulators in this network. Dysfunctional osteoblast differentiation underlies bone-related pathologies such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoporosis, where immune dysregulation drives inflammatory cascades that disrupt the osteoblast-osteoclast equilibrium.