Glycolysis to lactylation: Unraveling the metabolic and epigenetic landscape in tissue fibrosis (Review).

Tissue fibrosis represents a pathological condition characterized by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Although historically considered a byproduct of glycolysis, lactate has emerged as a key signaling molecule influencing diverse physiological and pathological processes, including fibrosis. Roles have emerged for lactate metabolism and lactylation, a novel post‑translational modification, in regulating fibroblast activation, ECM deposition and fibrotic progression.

Analysis of hydroxocobalamin dosage in patients with CblC deficiency.

Objective: cblC deficiency is the most common organic acidemia in China. Hydroxocobalamin (OHCbl) is the main important therapeutic approach, while no approved protocols on its dosage during stable periods exist. This study aims to analyze OHCbl dosage and explore its influencing factors, providing reference for the option of OHCbl dosage.

Variable phenotypes and outcomes associated with the MMACHC c.1A>G variant in Chinese patients with combined methylmalonic acidemia and homocystinuria cblC type.

Background: Combined methylmalonic acidemia and homocystinuria cblC type (cblC) is a multisystemic disease with diverse clinical presentations and known genotype-phenotype correlations. This study aims to define and explain the phenotypes and outcomes associated with the MMACHC variant c.1A>G (p.

Long-term outcome of CblC deficiency complicated with pulmonary hypertension.

Objective: Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) in patients with cblC deficiency is one of the rare but lethal complications. This study aimed to described its characteristics and long-term outcome.

Methods: A total of 26 patients with cblC deficiency complicated by PH were enrolled.

Engineering SmPO-integrated N, P-doped porous carbon nanosheets for enhanced oxygen reduction in zinc-air batteries.

Developing cost-effective and high-performance oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts is essential for advancing rechargeable zinc-air batteries (ZABs). Herein, we report a rationally designed catalyst composed of samarium phosphate nanoparticles uniformly embedded in nitrogen and phosphorus co-doped porous carbon nanosheets (SmPO@PN/C). The synergistic integration of SmPO and N, P co-doped carbon not only enhances the electronic conductivity and surface defect density but also ensures strong interfacial interactions through robust POSm covalent bonding, effectively preventing Sm leaching.

ABT263 Ameliorates Cellular Senescence, Aβ-Dependent Pathology and Cognitive Decline in Aged APP/PS1 Mice via Regulating PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β Pathways.

Alzheimer's disease is defined pathologically by the irregular buildup of senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and associated neuroinflammation. As aging progresses, senescent cells gradually accumulate and significantly contribute to brain dysfunction; however, the precise mechanisms driving aging remain unclear. In the current study, ABT263, a potent senolytic drug, was administered orally to APP/PS1 mice (n = 16) for five days per cycle throughout the course of two cycles, and their behavioral tests in the Morris water maze were evaluated.

Performance Degradation of GaO-Based X-Ray Detector Under Gamma-Ray Irradiation.

X-ray response performances of a p-NiO/-GaO hetero-junction diode (HJD) X-ray detector were studied before and after γ-ray irradiation at -200 V, with a total dose of 13.5 kGy(Si). The response performances of the HJD X-ray detector were influenced by the trap-assistant conductive process of the HJD under reverse bias, which exhibited an increasing net (response) current, nonlinearity, and a long response time.

Relationship Between Sleep Time and Depressive Symptoms in Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese: Mediating Role of Body Pain.

Objective: Existing research has yet to adequately examine the correlation between sleep time, body pain, and depressive symptoms. This study seeks to elucidate the interconnections between these three elements.

Methods: The study used 2020 CHARLS data for analysis.

High-Throughput Screening Strategy and Metal-Organic Framework-Based Multifunctional Controlled-Release Nanomaterial for Osteoarthritis Therapy.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative disease that lacks effective therapy. Oxidative stress is one of the major factors contributing to OA; however, treatments targeting oxidative stress are still lacking. In the current study, we established an oxidative stress-induced cell death model in chondrocytes and screened drugs that may suppress oxidative stress-induced cell death.

Irisin suppresses PDGF-BB-induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells by activating AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy.

Restenosis is a pivotal factor that restricts the efficacy of coronary artery bypass grafting. Inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferation can improve intimal hyperplasia and lumen stenosis. Irisin, a polypeptide secreted by muscle cells, has been demonstrated to have a protective role in various cardiovascular diseases.

Gene Expression Regulation and the Signal Transduction of Programmed Cell Death.

Cell death is of great significance in maintaining tissue homeostasis and bodily functions. With considerable research coming to the fore, it has been found that programmed cell death presents in multiple modalities in the body, which is not only limited to apoptosis, but also can be divided into autophagy, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, mitotic catastrophe, entosis, netosis, and other ways. Different forms of programmed cell death have disparate or analogous characteristics with each other, and their occurrence is accompanied by multiple signal transduction and the role of a myriad of regulatory factors.

MpoxNet: dual-branch deep residual squeeze and excitation monkeypox classification network with attention mechanism.

While the world struggles to recover from the devastation wrought by the widespread spread of COVID-19, monkeypox virus has emerged as a new global pandemic threat. In this paper, a high precision and lightweight classification network MpoxNet based on ConvNext is proposed to meet the need of fast and safe detection of monkeypox classification. In this method, a two-branch depth-separable convolution residual Squeeze and Excitation module is designed.

Pure separation of acetylene based on a sulfonic acid and amino group functionalized Zn-MOF.

The dual-ligand strategy was employed to synthesize a new microporous material, [Zn(SNDC)(AmTAZ)(HO)]·HO·CHCN (), incorporating sulfonic acid and amino groups for enhancing gas adsorption and separation. The activated (named ) exhibited selective adsorption of acetylene over carbon dioxide and methane. Hence, the dual-ligand strategy optimized the pore environment and provided an effective approach for pure separation of gases.

Underlying mechanisms governing on distribution and stratification of DOM during seasonal freeze-thaw cycles.

During the freeze-thaw cycles of ice-covered lakes, DOM undergoes a series of transformations including enrichment, dispersion, and filtration. However, the mechanisms and influence factors on lake pollution processes remain unclear. Therefore, this study investigates the distribution of DOM components and elucidate the role of ice-layer sieving its mechanisms within ice-water-sediments.

A double inducible cell ablation system for eliminating senescent astrocytes via apoptosis.

Purpose: Cell senescence stands as a principal risk factor for various neurodegenerative diseases, with astrocytic senescence emerging as a potentially pivotal player in the pathogenesis of aging and neurodegenerative disorders. Clearing senescent astrocytes holds promise as a potential therapeutic approach for senescence-related diseases.

Methods: In this study, we designed and constructed two plasmids aimed at inducing apoptosis in senescent astrocytes.

Diabetes mellitus and hearing loss.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major disease threatening human health and its incidence is increasing year on year. As a chronic complication of DM, hearing loss mostly occurs undetectably. However, the mechanism of this diabetes-related hearing loss (DRHL) remains unclear and there is no effective clinical treatment.