Cullin 3-mediated ubiquitination restricts enterovirus D68 replication and is counteracted by viral protease 3C.

Unlabelled: Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) has emerged as a significant threat to public health because of its association with respiratory illnesses and neurological complications, including acute flaccid myelitis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying EV-D68 replication and pathogenesis remain unclear. Here, we revealed a novel interaction between EV-D68 and the host Cullin-RING E3 ligase system, specifically Cullin 3, which was reported to restrict viral replication.

Shigella effector IpaH1.4 subverts host E3 ligase RNF213 to evade antibacterial immunity.

Ubiquitination plays vital roles in modulating pathogen-host cell interactions. RNF213, a E3 ligase, can catalyze the ubiquitination of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and is crucial for antibacterial immunity in mammals. Shigella flexneri, an LPS-containing pathogenic bacterium, has developed mechanisms to evade host antibacterial defenses during infection.

MFSD6 is an entry receptor for respiratory enterovirus D68.

Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is a leading non-polio enterovirus that causes severe respiratory diseases and poliomyelitis-like illness in children. Viral entry represents a potential multifaceted target for antiviral intervention; however, there are no approved inhibitors to block EV-D68. Here, we identify the functionally undescribed membrane protein major facilitator superfamily-domain-containing protein 6 (MFSD6) as an EV-D68 entry factor amenable to therapeutic intervention.

 (Euphorbiaceae), a new species from Southwest China based on morphological characters and phylogenetic evidence.

M.T.An & J.

Molecular Basis of the Recognition of the Active Rab8a by Optineurin.

Optineurin (OPTN), a multifunctional adaptor protein in mammals, plays critical roles in many cellular processes, such as vesicular trafficking and autophagy. Notably, mutations in optineurin are directly associated with many human diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). OPTN can specifically recognize Rab8a and the GTPase-activating protein TBC1D17, and facilitate the inactivation of Rab8a mediated by TBC1D17, but with poorly understood mechanism.

The SAMHD1-MX2 axis restricts HIV-1 infection at postviral DNA synthesis.

Unlabelled: HIV-1 replication is tightly regulated in host cells, and various restriction factors have important roles in inhibiting viral replication. SAMHD1, a well-known restriction factor, suppresses HIV-1 replication by hydrolyzing intracellular dNTPs, thereby limiting the synthesis of viral cDNA in quiescent cells. In this study, we revealed an additional and distinct mechanism of SAMHD1 inhibition during the postviral cDNA synthesis stage.

Multi-level FeCo/N-doped carbon nanosheet for peroxymonosulfate oxidation and sterilization inactivation.

Magnetic carbon-based catalysts with environmental friendliness have exhibited prominent effects on advanced oxidation processes. Herein, a multi-level FeCo/N-doped carbon nanosheet (FeCo/CNS) was synthesized by facile impregnation iron-cobalt salt onto cotton and followed by confined pyrolysis. We identified excellent advantages of the modified FeCo/CNS materials: (i) The convenience of the synthesis method and (ii) The dual effect of sterilization and contaminant degradation achieved through the FeCo/CNS-activated Peroxymonosulfate (PMS).

SARS-CoV-2 and oncolytic EV-D68-encoded proteases differentially regulate pyroptosis.

Pyroptosis, a pro-inflammatory programmed cell death, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 and other viral diseases. Gasdermin family proteins (GSDMs), including GSDMD and GSDME, are key regulators of pyroptotic cell death. However, the mechanisms by which virus infection modulates pyroptosis remain unclear.

Mechanistic insights into the enzymatic activity of E3 ligase HOIL-1L and its regulation by the linear ubiquitin chain binding.

Heme-oxidized IRP2 ubiquitin ligase 1 (HOIL-1L) serves as a unique E3 ligase to catalyze the mono-ubiquitination of relevant protein or sugar substrates and plays vital roles in numerous cellular processes in mammals. However, the molecular mechanism underpinning the E3 activity of HOIL-1L and the related regulatory mechanism remain elusive. Here, we report the crystal structure of the catalytic core region of HOIL-1L and unveil the key catalytic triad residues of HOIL-1L.

Iron-Cobalt magnetic porous carbon beads activated peroxymonosulfate for enhanced degradation and Microbial inactivation.

Magnetic carbon-based catalysts are promising materials for advanced oxidation processes, offering both high catalytic activity and environmental friendliness, and hold great potential in environmental remediation. In this work, Fe and Co zeolite imidazole frameworks (ZIFs) derived micron-sized magnetic porous carbon beads (MPCBs) were prepared by phase inversion and following the carbonization procedure, and the morphological and structural characteristics of the MPCBs were confirmed. The presence of pores and channels in the MPCBs provides a specific microenvironment for the for the catalysis of the core.

Fgfr1 deficiency in osteocytes leads to increased bone mass by enhancing Wnt/β-catenin signaling.

Osteoporosis (OP) is the most common skeletal disease in middle-aged and elderly people. A comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of osteoporosis is important. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) is an important molecule for skeletal development and bone remodeling.

ATG16L1 adopts a dual-binding site mode to interact with WIPI2b in autophagy.

Macroautophagy plays crucial roles in the regulation of cellular physiology and requires de novo synthesis of double-membrane autophagosomes, which relies on a specific interaction between autophagy-related 16L1 (ATG16L1) and WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2b (WIPI2b). However, the molecular mechanism governing the interaction of ATG16L1 with WIPI2b remains elusive. Here, we find that ATG16L1 has two distinct binding sites for interacting with WIPI2b, the previously reported WIPI2b-binding site (WBS1) and the previously unidentified site (WBS2).

Spindle-like MIL101(Fe) decorated with BiO nanoparticles for enhanced degradation of chlortetracycline under visible-light irradiation.

Improving the photocatalytic performance of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is an important way to expand its potential applications. In this work, zero-dimensional (0D) BiO nanoparticles were anchored to the surface of tridimensional (3D) MIL101(Fe) by a facile solvothermal method to obtain a novel 0D/3D heterojunction BiO/MIL101(Fe) (BOM). The morphology and optical properties of the as-prepared BiO/MIL101(Fe) composite were characterized.

Accelerated transformation of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate surfactant in the UV/chlorine process: Kinetics and formation of chlorinated disinfection by-products.

The degradation kinetics of Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) surfactant in the UV/chlorine process was comprehensively investigated, and the formation of chlorinated disinfection by-products (Cl-DBPs) were determined. Results showed that the degradation of SDBS by UV, chlorine and UV/chlorine all followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. The rate constant by UV/chlorine in ultrapure water was approximately 3 times higher than the sum of those by UV and chlorine, and decreased from 0.

Mechanistic insights into the subversion of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex by the E3 ligase IpaH1.4 of .

Shigella flexneri, a gram-negative bacterium, is the major culprit of bacterial shigellosis and causes a large number of human infection cases and deaths worldwide annually. For evading the host immune response during infection, S. flexneri secrets two highly similar E3 ligases, IpaH1.

Formation control of bromate and trihalomethanes during ozonation of bromide-containing water with chemical addition: Hydrogen peroxide or ammonia?

To ensure the safety of drinking water, ozone (O) has been extensively applied in drinking water treatment plants to further remove natural organic matter (NOM). However, the surface water and groundwater near the coastal areas often contain high concentrations of bromide ion (Br). Considering the risk of bromate (BrO) formation in ozonation of the sand-filtered water, the inhibitory efficiencies of hydrogen peroxide (HO) and ammonia (NH) on BrO formation during ozonation process were compared.

Dimethoate degradation by VUV/UV process: Kinetics, mechanism and economic feasibility.

Vacuum ultraviolet/ultraviolet (VUV/UV) process has been applied to water treatment recently, but little is known about its efficacy and mechanism for pesticide degradation. This study investigated the degradation kinetics and mechanism of a typical organophosphorus pesticide, dimethoate (DMT) by VUV/UV, and then the economic feasibility was assessed. DMT degradation followed well the pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics at an initial concentration of ≤5.

Reduction of bromate by zero valent iron (ZVI) enhances formation of brominated disinfection by-products during chlorination.

Bromate (BrO) is a predominant undesired toxic disinfection by-product (DBP) during ozonation of bromide-containing waters. The reduction of BrO by zero valent iron (ZVI) and its effect on formation of organic halogenated DBPs during chlorination were investigated in this study. The presence of ZVI could reduce BrO to bromide (Br), and Br formed could be transformed to free bromine (HOBr/OBr) during chlorination, further leading to organic brominated (Br-) DBPs formation.

Facile and rapid synthesis of a novel spindle-like heterojunction BiVO showing enhanced visible-light-driven photoactivity.

A spindle-like monoclinic-tetragonal heterojunction BiVO was successfully synthesized by a pressure-controllable microwave method. The as-prepared BiVO samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, transient photocurrent responses and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity of the BiVO samples was evaluated for the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) and tetracycline (TC).

Construction of a 0D/1D composite based on Au nanoparticles/CuBiO microrods for efficient visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity.

Photocatalysis is considered to be a promising technique for the degradation of organic pollutants. Herein, a 0D/1D composite photocatalyst consisting of Au nanoparticles (NPs) and CuBiO microrods (Au/CBO) was designed and prepared by a simple thermal reduction-precipitation approach. It shows excellent photocatalytic performance in the degradation of tetracycline (TC).

Synthesis of MoS₂/TiO₂ Nanophotocatalyst and Its Enhanced Visible Light Driven Photocatalytic Performance.

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂), as a typical layered transition metal sulfide, has been widely used in photocatalysis. Here, we report layered MoS₂ nanosheet-coated TiO₂ heterostructures that were prepared using a simple photo-assisted deposition method. The as-prepared samples were investigated in detail by using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

Inhibition of lncRNA Dlx6os1 decreases cell proliferation and fibrosis and increases cell apoptosis in diabetic nephropathy.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Dlx6os1 inhibitor on cell proliferation, apoptosis and fibrosis in mouse mesangial cells (MMCs) under high glucose (HG) conditions. SV40 MES13 cells were cultured under 30 mmol/L glucose (HG group), 5.6 mmol/L glucose (normal glucose group, NG group) and 5.