Beyond Density: Unveiling the Trade-Off in Catalytic Site Optimization Using Defect-Engineered UiO-66.

Enhancing intrinsic activity and increasing catalytic site density are two widely employed strategies to improve catalytic performance. Although typically considered independently, their interplay remains poorly understood. Here, two UiO-66 metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with distinct catalytic site densities-linker-defective UiO-66L and cluster-defective UiO-66C-are synthesized and systematically compared.

RPIPLM: Prediction of ncRNA-protein interaction by post-training a dual-tower pretrained biological model with supervised contrastive learning.

The field of biological research has been profoundly impacted by the emergence of biological pre-trained models, which have resulted in remarkable advancements in life sciences and medicine. However, the current landscape of biological pre-trained language models suffers from a shortcoming, i.e.

Recent Development of Methods and Techniques in the Detection of Mycotoxins in Agricultural Products.

Mycotoxins are produced by fungi and possess cytotoxic properties that cause extensive cellular damage. Mycotoxins pose a significant threat to the harvesting and storage of crops as well as potential carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic risks to humans. Currently, 400 mycotoxins have been identified and are threatening the safety of food, especially agricultural products.

NAT10-mediated ac4C modification of Lipin1 mRNA contributes to the pathogenesis of PWMI.

Preterm white matter injury (PWMI) is a leading cause of cerebral palsy and chronic neurological disabilities in premature infants. It is characterized by defects in oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) differentiation and dysmyelination. Currently, there are no effective therapeutic strategies available in clinical practice.

Genome-Wide Identification and Functional Characterization of the BAHD Acyltransferase Gene Family in L.

The BAHD acyltransferase family plays a critical role in plant secondary metabolism by catalyzing acyl transfer reactions that are essential for synthesizing metabolites involved in environmental adaptation. However, systematic investigation of this superfamily in has not been reported. In this study, 158 genes were identified by comprehensive analyses of evolutionary relationships, motif structures, chromosomal distribution, gene collinearity, and selection pressures, and these genes were phylogenetically classified into five clades harboring conserved catalytic domains (HXXXD and DFGWG).

Single-Sample, Multiomic Mass Spectrometry for Investigating Drug Effects and Mechanisms.

Poor therapeutic indexes are a principal cause of drug attrition during development. To develop multiomic methods for elucidating potentially targetable mechanisms of drug toxicity, we performed profiling of the response to subtoxic and toxic doses of l-Asparaginase (ASNase) in immune-compromised mice. ASNase is an enzyme-drug approved for the treatment of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) but too toxic for use in adults, making it an ideal test case.

A chaotic arithmetic optimization algorithm with Cauchy perturbation and differential evolution for engineering design problems.

Although the arithmetic optimization algorithm (AOA) shows promising performance, it tends to suffer from premature convergence and poor scalability in high-dimensional problems. To address these challenges, we propose the Chaotic Differential Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm (CDAOA), which combines an improved Tent chaotic map for initializing a diverse population, Cauchy perturbation for enhanced exploration, and differential evolution with Lévy flight to strengthen exploitation. CDAOA is benchmarked on 16 classical functions, the CEC 2019 and 2021 test suites, and five real-world engineering problems.

High-Performance, Strain-Stable Electromagnetic Shielding Materials Enabled by Magnetic Elastic Fiber Networks Pinning Liquid Metal.

Stretchable electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials are critical for the reliability of wearable electronic devices in complex electromagnetic environments. However, achieving compatibility between ultra-thinness, high shielding efficiency (SE), and excellent dynamic stability remains a major challenge in this field. Here, an ultrathin elastic EMI shielding film (TPU/Fe-LM) is developed by leveraging the magnetoelectric synergy effect and a pinning-interlocking mechanism between ferromagnetic elastic nanofiber networks and the embedded liquid metal (LM), achieving high EMI SE and excellent strain stability.

Double-edged sword of microbial self-adaptive mechanisms in biofilm systems under non-antibiotic bisphenol stress: Promoting contaminant degradation and antibiotic resistance genes propagation.

Biofilm systems demonstrate significant potential for the efficient degradation of persistent organic pollutants and serve as a crucial reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) due to the widespread misuse of antibiotics. However, the role of biofilm systems under non-antibiotic bisphenol stress in contaminant removal and ARGs dissemination remains uncertain. This research investigates the removal performance of bisphenol S (BPS) as a representative bisphenol and its impact on ARG dynamics in biofilm systems.

Beyond Blue: Systematic Modulation of Electronic Structure and Redox Properties of Type 1 Copper in Azurin.

The reduction potentials of metal ions (°'), crucial for optimizing biological processes like electron transfer and catalysis, are finely tuned by interactions between the primary and secondary coordination spheres (PCS, SCS). While previous successes in tuning °' in azurin have provided deeper insights into how the SCS influences electronic structure and associated redox properties of "classic" blue copper proteins, our understanding of °' tuning in other subclasses of type 1 Cu (T1Cu) proteins, such as green and red copper proteins, remains rudimentary. To address this issue, we report the design of a green copper center in azurin where an equatorial-to-axial shift in a histidine binding interaction leads to reorientation of the Cu-centered redox active molecular orbital and a +100 mV shift in °'.

Tandem ssDNA in neutrophil extracellular traps binds thrombin and regulates immunothrombosis.

Neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to neutralize infections, a process that also contributes to immunothrombosis. While beneficial in localized infections, excessive NET formation can lead to widespread coagulopathy and organ failure. While the roles of NET-associated proteins such as histones in immunothrombosis are well characterized, NET-derived DNAs are much less known.

Children's home environments as reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance: Divergent urban-rural risks from antibiotic resistance genes and pathogens.

Antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs) and pathogens pose a global health challenge, particularly for vulnerable children. However, limited knowledge is on their existence in home environments where children spend majority of time, even less on urban-rural differences. We collected settled dust from children's homes in urban(n = 31) and rural (n = 34) areas of Shanghai, China, and analyzed microbiomes, ARGs and pathogens through metagenomic sequencing.

Research Waste in Temporomandibular Disorders Among Registered Randomised Controlled Trials: A Meta-Epidemiologic Study.

Background: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are multifactorial conditions with diverse clinical presentations, making standardised treatment approaches difficult to establish. Despite an increasing number of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) globally, methodological inconsistencies and research waste remain significant obstacles to evidence integration.

Objective: This study systematically analysed 103 TMDs-related RCTs registered on ClinicalTrials.

Effects and Neuroimaging Findings of Acupuncture for Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Aim: Due to the limited evidence, the effects and neuroimaging mechanisms of acupuncture for amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) are still needed to investigate. Our objectives were to assess the effects and investigate its therapy-driven modification in functional neural response.

Methods: Right-handed aMCI patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to an acupuncture group (AG) or a waitlist control group (WG) in the randomized clinical trial using computer-generated randomization sequence method.

Substrate-Adapted Active Site Self-Evolving Reconfiguration Boosting Catalytic Effect on Acetylene Semihydrogenation.

The facile synthesis of highly substrate-adapted catalysts with dynamic active site adaptability remains a persistent challenge in heterogeneous catalysis. Herein, breaking through conventional catalyst preparation route of design-synthesis-evaluation iteration, we demonstrate an active site self-evolving reconfiguration strategy for spontaneous construction of an adaptive multimolecular activation catalyst, such as for acetylene semihydrogenation. Specifically, a metastable Cu single atom (Cu) precursor as structural seed reconstructs to an exceptional acetylene semihydrogenation catalyst under moderate operational conditions, which undergoes a copper active site reconfiguration employing reactants themselves as inducing medium.

Prodrug-based combinational nanomedicine remodels lipid metabolism for reinforced ferroptosis and immune activation.

Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death characterized by overwhelmed lipid oxidation, and it has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer therapy. Enhanced ferroptosis could overcome the limitations of conventional therapeutic modalities, particularly in difficult-to-treat tumors. In this study, we developed a dual-modality therapy in nanomedicine by combining paclitaxel (PTX) chemotherapy and pyropheophorbide-a (Ppa) phototherapy.

TCF7 enhances pulmonary hypertension by boosting stressed natural killer cells and their interaction with pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells.

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a life-threatening cardio-pulmonary disorder. Whether natural killer (NK) cells could act as participants in PH and the mechanism by which NK cells moderate pulmonary vascular remodeling has not been fully elucidated.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing data from lungs of human pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients and monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PH rat model were retrieved from GEO database or UCSC Cell Browser.

Targeting the MEK1/2 pathway to combat infection and inflammation in cystic fibrosis.

infections remain an ongoing challenge for people with cystic fibrosis (PwCF), with the increased global prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains requiring new therapeutic approaches. Our previous studies demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects of several MEK1/2 inhibitor compounds, including PD0325901, CI-1040, and trametinib, in human phagocytes from PwCF and a murine pulmonary infection model (M. De, G.

The helion charge radius from laser spectroscopy of muonic helium-3 ions.

Hydrogen-like light muonic ions, in which one negative muon replaces all of the electrons, are extremely sensitive probes of nuclear structure. Using pulsed laser spectroscopy, we have measured three 2-2 transitions in the muonic helium-3 (μHe) ion, an ion formed by a negative muon and bare helium-3 nucleus. This allowed us to extract the Lamb shift, the 2 fine structure splitting, and the 2-hyperfine splitting in μHe.

Self-supported β-GaO nanowires and for stretchable solar-blind UV photodetectors.

Fire rescue robots equipped with solar-blind UV photodetectors can significantly improve operational safety and efficiency in hazardous environments involving high temperatures, explosions, toxic gases, and smoke. However, conventional rigid photodetectors cannot meet the flexibility requirements for seamless integration with robotic systems. This study presents a breakthrough in developing stretchable solar-blind UV photodetectors through an innovative combination of electrospinning and high-temperature phase transformation.

Acupuncture Modulates Spatiotemporal Neuronal Dynamics in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Protocol for Simultaneous EEG-fMRI Study.

Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is characterized by abnormal changes in spatiotemporal neuronal specificity responses. Simultaneous electroencephalogram (EEG)-functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) offers a novel approach to measure these changes. Emerging evidence suggests that acupuncture may enhance cognitive function by modulating spatial or temporal central activity in individuals with MCI.

Correction: A flexible dual-mode sensor with decoupled strain and temperature sensing for smart robots.

Correction for 'A flexible dual-mode sensor with decoupled strain and temperature sensing for smart robots' by Shiying Li , , 2024, , 6361-6370, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4MH00841C.

Overexpression of Cysteine Synthetase 1 Promotes Cadmium Removal by Biosynthesizing Cadmium Sulfide Quantum Dots in .

Heavy metal cadmium causes significant contamination in aquatic ecosystems. The biomineralization of cadmium represents a vital biological mechanism for handling cadmium stress in diverse microorganisms. To improve the biomineralization capacity of cadmium by microorganisms in aquatic environments, cysteine synthetase 1 (TtCsa1) was overexpressed in .

FLT3LG modulates the infiltration of immune cells and enhances the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Immunotherapy, particularly anti-PD-1 therapy, has assumed a progressively significant position in the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), especially in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Nevertheless, a subset of patients exhibit resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy, and the exploration of biomarkers for evaluating the responsiveness to anti-PD-1 therapy necessitates further investigation. FLT3LG is regarded as being associated with tumor diagnosis and immunotherapy in a variety of tumor types, but its function in LUAD is uncertain.