Genotype Identification of Complete Hydatidiform Moles without a Maternal Component: Attempts at a Novel 26-plex STR System.

Objective: Current autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) assays can analyze the zygotic composition by comparing the allelic genes at each locus of complete hydatidiform moles (CHM), with a maternal genotype serving as an essential reference for comparative analysis. However, their application in pathology represents a challenge because of deficiency or contamination of maternal-origin tissues. This study aimed to develop a novel STR genotyping method for identifying CHM genotypes without a maternal component.

Dynamic changes in peripheral blood CD4+ T cell subsets are associated with litter performance in primiparous gestating sows.

This study aimed to investigate the dynamic changes in peripheral blood CD4+ T cells and their association with litter performance in primiparous gestating sows. Blood samples were collected from 72 Large White × Landrace crossbred primiparous sows on the day of mating (G0), and on days 30 (G30), G60, G90, and G110 of gestation, and were analyzed for levels of CD4+ T cell subsets include T helper 1 cells (Th1), T helper 17 cells (Th17), regulatory T cells (Tregs), and related cytokines, such as interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-4, IL-5, IL-17A, IL-22, and IL-10, Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and reproductive hormones pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione (P4) and Estra-1,3,5 (10)-triene-3,17β-diol (E2). Results showed that Th1 and Th17 levels increased during early gestation (G0 ~ G30) and late gestation (G90 ~ G110) but decreased in middle gestation (G60), with their typical cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-12, and IL-17A) following a broadly similar pattern.

EIF4A3 Promotes Cell Proliferation via CDC5L Upregulation in Human Breast Cancer Cells.

Breast cancer is one of the most common diseases affecting women's health. While research on breast cancer has made progress in recent years, it remains a major health concern. Studies have shown that the translation initiation factor EIF4A3 is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors, but the specific mechanism is still unclear.

TNMpBC-NeoBCSS model: a breast cancer specific survival prediction model for triple-negative metaplastic breast carcinoma patients with neoadjuvant therapy.

The breast cancer specific survival (BCSS) benefits of Neoadjuvant therapy (NeoAT) for triple-negative metaplastic breast cancer (TNMpBC) was uncertain. This study aimed to develop a prediction model for assessing the BCSS for TNMpBC patients with NeoAT. The primary cohort of 1163 patients with TNMpBC, from which a nomogram was established based on the results of a LASSO regression analysis, was derived from multi-centers data in China and the SEER database.

Enantioselective Cascade Annulation of 1,2,3-Triazoles and Enals Enabled by Sequential Rhodium and Oxidative NHC Catalysis Involving Cleavage, Migration, and Cyclization.

The in situ-generated pyrrolin-3-ones serve as novel and versatile synthons, being employed as intermediates for the efficient production of pyrrole-fused lactones with high yield and excellent enantioselectivity. Herein, we introduce emerging rhodium and oxidative N-heterocyclic carbene relay catalysis that enables a highly enantioselective cascade annulation between easily available 1,2,3-triazoles and enals. In this proof-of-concept study, the in situ-generated pyrrolin-3-ones engage α,β-unsaturated acylazolium intermediates generated from enals via oxidative N-heterocyclic carbene catalysis.

Unveiling spatial heterogeneity in medulloblastoma: A multi-omics analysis of cellular state and geographical organization.

Background: Despite numerous studies on medulloblastoma (MB) cell heterogeneity, the spatial characteristics of cellular states remain unclear.

Methods: We analyze single-nucleus and spatial transcriptomes and chromatin accessibility from human MB spanning four subgroups, to identify malignant cell populations and describe the spatial evolutionary trajectories. The spatial copy number variations (CNVs) patterns and niches were analyzed to investigate the cellular interactions.

Overexpression of FatB thioesterase affects plant growth and lipid metabolome leading to improved drought tolerance in and tomato.

Frequent and extreme drought exerts profound effects on vegetation growth and production worldwide. It is imperative to identify key genes that regulate plant drought resistance and to investigate their underlying mechanisms of action. Long-chain fatty acids and their derivatives have been demonstrated to participate in various stages of plant growth and stress resistance; however, the effects of medium-chain fatty acids on related functions have not been thoroughly studied.

Liquid-solid composites with confined interface behaviors.

In the evolving landscape of materials science, the journey from traditional composite materials to liquid-solid composites has marked a significant shift. Composite materials, typically solid state, have long been the cornerstone of many applications due to their structural stability and mechanical properties. However, the emergence of liquid-solid composites has introduced a new paradigm, leveraging the dynamic composite interfaces and fluidic nature of liquids.

Weakly supervised learning in thymoma histopathology classification: an interpretable approach.

Introduction: Thymoma classification is challenging due to its diverse morphology. Accurate classification is crucial for diagnosis, but current methods often struggle with complex tumor subtypes. This study presents an AI-assisted diagnostic model that combines weakly supervised learning with a divide-and-conquer multi-instance learning (MIL) approach to improve classification accuracy and interpretability.

Sugars, Lipids and More: New Insights Into Plant Carbon Sources During Plant-Microbe Interactions.

Heterotrophic microbes rely on host-derived carbon sources for their growth and survival. Depriving pathogens of plant carbon is therefore a promising strategy for protecting plants from disease and reducing yield losses. Importantly, this carbon starvation-mediated resistance is expected to be more broad-spectrum and durable than race-specific R-gene-mediated resistance.

Diagnosis of congenital oblique vaginal septum syndrome: A case report and literature review.

Introduction: This report details a case of Type I oblique vaginal septum syndrome (OVSS), highlighting its complexity as a congenital uterine malformation.

Case Presentation: A 12-year-old girl presented with severe lower abdominal pain coinciding with her first menstrual period. Ultrasound revealed a septate uterus and an oblique vaginal septum, prompting an emergency hysteroscopic procedure that confirmed the diagnosis of Type I OVSS.

Facile Preparation of TiONTs/Au@MOF Nanocomposites for High-Sensitivity SERS Sensing of Gaseous VOC.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a promising and highly sensitive molecular fingerprint detection technology. However, the development of SERS nanocomposites that are label-free, highly sensitive, selective, stable, and reusable for gaseous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) detection remains a challenge. Here, we report a novel TiONTs/AuNPs@ZIF-8 nanocomposite for the ultrasensitive SERS detection of VOCs.

Cantharidin overcomes IL-2Rα signaling-mediated vorinostat resistance in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma through reactive oxygen species.

Background: Vorinostat (SAHA) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that has shown clinical efficacy against advanced cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). However, only a subset of patients with CTCL (30-35%) respond to SAHA and the response is not always sustainable. Thus, understanding the mechanisms underlying evasive resistance in this cancer is an unmet medical need to improve the efficacy of current therapies.

DiSMVC: a multi-view graph collaborative learning framework for measuring disease similarity.

Motivation: Exploring potential associations between diseases can help in understanding pathological mechanisms of diseases and facilitating the discovery of candidate biomarkers and drug targets, thereby promoting disease diagnosis and treatment. Some computational methods have been proposed for measuring disease similarity. However, these methods describe diseases without considering their latent multi-molecule regulation and valuable supervision signal, resulting in limited biological interpretability and efficiency to capture association patterns.

Treatment patterns and clinical outcomes of patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer receiving neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy: A large-scale, multicenter, real-world study (NeoR-World).

Background: Neoadjuvant immunotherapy has ushered in a new era of perioperative treatment for resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, large-scale data for verifying the efficacy and optimizing the therapeutic strategies of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in routine clinical practice are scarce.

Methods: NeoR-World (NCT05974007) was a multicenter, retrospective cohort study involving patients who received neoadjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy or chemotherapy alone in routine clinical practice from 11 medical centers in China between January 2010 and March 2022.

CRB3 navigates Rab11 trafficking vesicles to promote γTuRC assembly during ciliogenesis.

The primary cilium plays important roles in regulating cell differentiation, signal transduction, and tissue organization. Dysfunction of the primary cilium can lead to ciliopathies and cancer. The formation and organization of the primary cilium are highly associated with cell polarity proteins, such as the apical polarity protein CRB3.

Control of arbuscule development by a transcriptional negative feedback loop in Medicago.

Most terrestrial plants establish a symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which provide them with lipids and sugars in exchange for phosphorus and nitrogen. Nutrient exchange must be dynamically controlled to maintain a mutually beneficial relationship between the two symbiotic partners. The WRI5a and its homologues play a conserved role in lipid supply to AMF.

Loss of USP22 alleviates cardiac hypertrophy induced by pressure overload through HiF1-α-TAK1 signaling pathway.

Ubiquitin-specific protease 22 (USP22) is a member of the ubiquitin specific protease family (ubiquitin-specific protease, USPs), the largest subfamily of deubiquitinating enzymes, and plays an important role in the treatment of tumors. USP22 is also expressed in the heart. However, the role of USP22 in heart disease remains unclear.

Clinicopathologic features of a patient with primary monophasic synovial sarcoma of the jejunum.

A case of primary synovial sarcoma of the jejunum was collected and analyzed retrospectively. A 19-year-old man who presented to hospital with abdominal pain. The CT scan showed a large mixed abdominal mass with bleeding.

White Collar 1 Modulates Oxidative Sensitivity and Virulence by Regulating the HOG1 Pathway in Fusarium asiaticum.

Fusarium asiaticum is an epidemiologically important pathogen of cereal crops in east Asia, accounting for both yield losses and mycotoxin contamination problems in food and feed products. FaWC1, a component of the blue-light receptor White Collar complex (WCC), relies on its transcriptional regulatory zinc finger domain rather than the light-oxygen-voltage domain to regulate pathogenicity of , although the downstream mechanisms remain obscure. In this study, the pathogenicity factors regulated by FaWC1 were analyzed.

Phosphorylation status of a conserved residue in the adenylate cyclase of is involved in regulating photomorphogenesis, circadian rhythm, and pathogenicity.

Adenylate cyclase (AC) regulates growth, reproduction, and pathogenicity in many fungi by synthesizing cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and activating downstream protein kinase A (PKA). is a typical necrotrophic plant-pathogenic fungus. It shows a typical photomorphogenic phenotype of conidiation under light and sclerotia formation under dark; both are important reproduction structures for the dispersal and stress resistance of the fungus.

Characteristics of the immunogenicity and tumor immune microenvironment in -amplified lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective: Besides breast and gastric cancer, amplification/mutation are also found in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, the correlation between variations and the phenotype of immunogenicity and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in LUAD compared with breast and gastric cancer has yet to be fully elucidated.

Methods: We integrated public databases (discovery set) and internal data (validated set) of 288 patients representing three distinct -altered tumors.