Intrinsically Temperature-Insensitive and Highly Sensitive Flexible Wireless Strain Sensor.

Accurate strain monitoring in environments with coexisting mechanical deformation and temperature fluctuations─such as solid rocket propellants, battery enclosures, and human ligaments─remains a longstanding challenge for flexible electronics. Conventional strain sensors suffer from significant thermal drift due to the intrinsic temperature dependence of their sensing materials, limiting their reliability in wireless and implantable applications. Here, we report an intrinsically temperature-insensitive, highly sensitive, wireless flexible strain sensor based on near-field communication technology.

Reaching the full potential of cryo-EM reconstructions with molecular dynamics simulations at 310 K: Actin filaments as an example.

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of multi-protein complexes such as actin filaments help explain the mechanisms of assembly and interactions with partner proteins. Yet, rapid cooling during freezing may not preserve the conformations at physiological temperature. All-atom molecular dynamics simulations starting with cryo-EM reconstructions can provide additional insights.

Modeling urban land surface dynamics using Arizona single-layer urban canopy model in Python (ASLUM-Py).

Urban ecosystems are increasingly challenged by numerous environmental issues in the face of global climate change. The efficacy of sustainable urban planning strategies depends largely on the capability of resolving urban land surface dynamics. In this study, we developed a state-of-the-art urban land surface model, viz.

Voices From the Void: Self-Related Speech Acts in Auto-Epitaphs of Song Dynasty in Ancient China.

This study explores how self-related speech acts are employed in auto-epitaphs composed by tomb owners from ancient China through a grounded analysis of 18 surviving texts from the Song Dynasty. The findings identify four types of self-related speech acts, namely, self-statement, self-defence, self-praise, and self-denigration. In addition, this study further details the dynamics of auto-epitaphs in ancient China through the Motivation Model of Pragmatics (Chen, 2022).

MSBack: Multiscale Backmapping of Highly Coarse-Grained Proteins Using Constrained Diffusion.

Coarse-grained (CG) molecular dynamics is a powerful tool for simulating the collective behavior of biomolecules. However, the structural information lost during coarse-graining prevents the CG configurations from being more widely useful (e.g.

Deep-Learning-Assisted Raman Spectral Analysis for Accurate Differentiation of Highly Structurally Similar CA Series Synthetic Cannabinoids.

Precise discrimination of the crucial substances, e.g., synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) that are composed of low-active chemical groups and structurally similar to each other with tiny differences, is a pressing need and of great significance for safeguarding public security and human health.

Hydrogen sulfide mitigates the immunotoxicity and neurotoxicity induced by cadmium in Tegillarca granosa.

The blood clam Tegilarca granosa is an economically important shellfish in Asia. The complex living environment often exposes the clams to cadmium (Cd) and hydrogen sulfide (HS). HS is well-known for its toxic effects, however, it is still unclear whether it can participate in regulating the heavy metal adaptation in clams.

A wearable repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation device.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is widely used to treat various neuropsychiatric disorders and to explore the brain, but its considerable power consumption and large size limit its potential for broader utility, such as applications in free behaviors and in home and community settings. We addressed this challenge through lightweight magnetic core coil designs and high-power-density, high-voltage pulse driving techniques and successfully developed a battery-powered wearable rTMS device. The combined weight of the stimulator and coil is only 3 kg.

Adaptation and validation of the Grandparental Involvement Inventory-Chinese version (GII-C) in migrant families.

Grandparental involvement is a multidimensional framework of the roles grandparents play in a child's life. However, culture-sensitive measurement of grandparental involvement, particularly in middle childhood, is underdeveloped. This study adapts and validates a self-report measure of grandparental involvement for children in Chinese migrant families.

Zinc(II)-Enhanced Excimer Probe for Recognition of MDMB-CA Synthetic Cannabinoids.

Specific recognition with optical responses towards the analytes which are structurally diverse and weak chemical-active remains a big challenge but is of great significance. Here, a zinc(II) enhanced fluorescent emission probe was developed by conjugated modulating and metal bridging to specifically recognize synthetic cannabinoids (SCs). The transformed luminescence mechanism from excimer emission to fluorescence resonance energy transfer was demonstrated upon the integration of coordination and non-covalent interactions towards target SCs.

Segmentation of tobacco shred point cloud and 3-D measurement based on improved PointNet++ network with DTC algorithm.

Introduction: The three dimensions of the tobacco silk components (cut stem, tobacco silk, reconstituted tobacco shred, and expanded tobacco silk) of cigarettes directly affect cigarette combustibility; by accurately measuring the dimensions of different tobacco silks in cigarettes, it is possible to optimize combustibility and reduce the production of harmful substances. Identifying the components of tobacco shred in cigarettes is a prerequisite for three-dimensional measurement. The two-dimensional image method can identify the tobacco shred and measure its two-dimensional characteristics but cannot determine its thickness.

Data-driven equation-free dynamics applied to many-protein complexes: The microtubule tip relaxation.

Microtubules (MTs) constitute the largest components of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton and play crucial roles in various cellular processes, including mitosis and intracellular transport. The property allowing MTs to cater to such diverse roles is attributed to dynamic instability, which is coupled to the hydrolysis of guanosine-5'-triphosphate (GTP) to guanosine-5'-diphosphate (GDP) within the β-tubulin monomers. Understanding the dynamics and structural features of both GDP- and GTP-complexed MT tips, especially at an all-atom level, remains challenging for both experimental and computational methods because of their dynamic nature and the prohibitive computational demands of simulating large, many-protein systems.

Generation of vascularized pancreatic progenitors through co-differentiation of endoderm and mesoderm from human pluripotent stem cells.

Background: The simultaneous differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into both endodermal and mesodermal lineages is crucial for developing complex, vascularized tissues, yet poses significant challenges. This study explores a method for co-differentiation of mesoderm and endoderm, and their subsequent differentiation into pancreatic progenitors (PP) with endothelial cells (EC).

Methods: Two hPSC lines were utilized.

Tumor-associated macrophages contribute to cholangiocarcinoma progression and chemoresistance through activation of ID1.

Introduction And Objectives: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) can influence both cancer growth and chemoresistance, but the specific mechanisms involved in these processes in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) are unclear.

Materials And Methods: We explored the distribution of TAM in CCA samples by multiplex immunofluorescence staining and tested the effects of TAM on CCA in vitro and in vivo. We then investigated the mechanisms underlying these effects using the Luminex assay, RNA sequencing, western blotting, flow cytometry, and co-immunoprecipitation.

A Novel Real-time Phase Prediction Network in EEG Rhythm.

Closed-loop neuromodulation, especially using the phase of the electroencephalography (EEG) rhythm to assess the real-time brain state and optimize the brain stimulation process, is becoming a hot research topic. Because the EEG signal is non-stationary, the commonly used EEG phase-based prediction methods have large variances, which may reduce the accuracy of the phase prediction. In this study, we proposed a machine learning-based EEG phase prediction network, which we call EEG phase prediction network (EPN), to capture the overall rhythm distribution pattern of subjects and map the instantaneous phase directly from the narrow-band EEG data.

Effects of Baduanjin exercise on cancer-related fatigue in patients with prostate cancer treated with androgen deprivation therapy in Shanghai, China: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is one of the most common and painful symptoms in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). Moreover, PCa patients who receive the androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) are more likely to develop CRF. Baduanjin exercise has been shown to improve CRF in some cancers.

Near-infrared spectroscopy-enabled electromechanical systems for fast mapping of biomechanics and subcutaneous diagnosis.

Fast and accurate assessment of skin mechanics holds great promise in diagnosing various epidermal diseases, yet substantial challenges remain in developing simple and wearable strategies for continuous monitoring. Here, we present a design concept, named active near-infrared spectroscopy patch (ANIRP) for continuously mapping skin mechanics. ANIRP addresses these challenges by integrating near-infrared (NIR) sensing with mechanical actuators, enabling rapid measurement (<1 s) of Young's modulus, high spatial sensing density (~1 cm), and high spatial sensitivity (<1 mm).

Construction and drug screening of Co-culture system using extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma organoids and tumor-associated macrophages.

Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) have been proposed as a novel in vitro tumor model that can be applied to tumor research and drug screening. However, current tumor organoid models lack components of the tumor microenvironment, particularly tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs).We collected peripheral blood and tumor samples from 6 patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(eCCA).

Nitrogen removal pathways in lake restoration using microalgal-bacterial granular sludge: Unraveling influence of organics and carbon to nitrogen ratio.

This study investigated the performance of microalgal-bacterial granular sludge (MBGS) in the restoration of Qingling Lake and Huangjia Lake, focusing on nitrogen removal under varying water quality conditions. Significant color changes in MBGS and differences in granule characteristics were observed, with Qingling Lake demonstrating superior removal efficiencies for ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and total nitrogen compared to Huangjia Lake. Stoichiometric analysis revealed that when the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratios were less than 20 mg/L and 20, respectively, assimilatory nitrate reduction was positively correlated with both, whereas denitrification was negatively correlated.

HDF-Net: Capturing Homogeny Difference Features to Localize the Tampered Image.

Modern image editing software enables anyone to alter the content of an image to deceive the public, which can pose a security hazard to personal privacy and public safety. The detection and localization of image tampering is becoming an urgent issue to be addressed. We have revealed that the tampered region exhibits homogenous differences (the changes in metadata organization form and organization structure of the image) from the real region after manipulations such as splicing, copy-move, and removal.

Mechanism of phosphate release from actin filaments.

After ATP-actin monomers assemble filaments, the ATP's [Formula: see text]-phosphate is hydrolyzedwithin seconds and dissociates over minutes. We used all-atom molecular dynamics simulations to sample the release of phosphate from filaments and study residues that gate release. Dissociation of phosphate from Mg is rate limiting and associated with an energy barrier of 20 kcal/mol, consistent with experimental rates of phosphate release.

Distinctive hydrodynamic properties and ecological responses of multi-thread rivers under different degrees of multiplicity in the Upper Yellow River.

Alluvial rivers that exhibit multi-thread patterns are common in nature and can be the dominant channel morphology in large rivers. However, their ecological properties in response to diverse and dynamic channel morphology has gained limited attention and remained poorly understood. In this study, we adopted an eco-hydraulic model by integrating a hydrodynamic, a sediment-transport, and a habitat-suitability model to assess habitat quality for fish species (Schizopygopsis pylzovi and Platypharodon extremus) in three anabranching reaches with each exhibiting a distinct anabranching morphology in the Upper Yellow River, eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.