Multi-layered smart film based on anthocyanin-citric acid complex for real-time meat freshness monitoring.

Conventional meat freshness indicator films often lack mechanical strength, environmental stability, and accurate spoilage detection. This study presents a layered design integrating structural reinforcement, molecular stabilization, and interfacial protection. A carboxymethyl cellulose/xanthan gum (CMC/XG) composite enhanced mechanical strength, an anthocyanin-citric acid complex provided stable pH-responsive color change, and a beeswax-sunflower oil coating improved hydrophobicity, forming the CX-BC-BSO multilayer film.

Coupling WQI and multivariate statistical approaches for key parameter identification and human health risk assessment in the longevity region of Hechi City, China.

This study addresses limitations in traditional water quality indices (WQIs) by developing a simplified yet accurate WQI model (WQI) that captures spatiotemporal dynamics and prioritizes health-risk drivers in ecologically sensitive regions. Monitored over 2021-2023 at 16 stations in Hechi City, China (a globally recognized longevity area), 17 water quality parameters were analyzed. Using multivariate statistics, WQI reduced parameters from 17 to 7 key drivers ( < 0.

Comprehensive Insights into Licochalcone A: its Distribution, Biosynthesis, Metabolism, and Pharmacological Effects.

Licochalcone A (LCA) is an important secondary metabolite in licorice that has attracted extensive attention due to its unique species-specific distribution characteristics and various pharmacodynamic activities, particularly its anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects. LCA was originally considered exclusive to Glycyrrhiza inflata Batal. However, further analyses have shown its distribution in different licorice species, extending its known distribution among licorice species and suggesting a broader role in secondary metabolism.

What should we focus on in pregnancy complicated by pheochromocytoma? a bibliometric analysis (1990-2024).

Purpose Of Review: The incidence of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) in pregnancy is extremely low, yet it poses a significant threat to maternal and fetal safety. While studies are published annually, progress in this field remains slow. A key question is how researchers can better utilize limited case data to gain valuable insights.

HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination among healthcare providers in Western China: a population-based cross-sectional study.

Background: The persistence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and/or Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)-related stigma and discrimination in healthcare settings remains a critical issue that urgently requires attention to effectively control HIV/AIDS epidemic. This study aimed to evaluate the extent of HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination and explore the influencing factors among healthcare providers in western China, in order to inform decision-making regarding the reduction of stigma and discrimination intervention.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2023 and July 2024, and 24,646 (with a response rate of 98.

Structural insights into human polyspecific organic anion transporters OAT1 and OAT4.

Organic anion transporters (OATs) play a critical role in the transport of organic anions. OAT1, located in the kidney, is essential for the transport of organic anion drugs and metabolites, while OAT4 facilitates absorption processes in the kidney and placenta. Here, we resolved the cryo-electron microscopy structures of human OAT1 in its apo form and bound to probenecid, adefovir, cefazolin, and para-aminohippuric acid (PAH), as well as human OAT4 in its apo form and in complex with dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS).

Design of TI-TMS system for deep brain stimulation with higher focus in neural modulation.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive procedure that uses magnetic fields to stimulate neurons in the brain and has been widely applied in the field of clinical neuromodulation. However, traditional TMS has limitations in terms of focality and stimulation depth, making it unable to achieve precise modulation of deep brain regions. As the stimulation depth increases, the focal area expands, potentially stimulating nontarget regions and causing negative side effects.

Machine learning-powered fluorescent sensor arrays for rapid detection of heavy metals and pesticides in complex environments.

The co-contamination of multiple pollutants in complex environmental matrices poses a significant threat to ecosystems and public health, necessitating advanced detection methods. In this study, we developed a machine learning-powered chemical sensor array capable of simultaneously identifying and discriminating nine heavy metal(loid)s (Cr[III], Cd[II], Hg[II], Pb[II], Co[II], Zn[II], Mn[II], As[III], and Se[VI]) and five pesticides (propiconazole, penconazole, cyproconazole, indoxacarb, and azoxystrobin). Using three distinct copper nanoclusters (Cu NCs) with unique ligand-based binding affinities, the system generated characteristic fluorescent "fingerprints".

Stir-frying modulates chemical transformation in atractylodes macrocephala essential oil: Mechanistic insights into volatile component dynamics.

Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. (BZ) is a widely used traditional Chinese medicinal herb, commonly subjected to stir-frying to enhance its therapeutic properties. The essential oil of BZ (BZO), comprising its principal bioactive constituents, undergoes notable changes during thermal processing, although the precise chemical and structural transformations remain inadequately understood.

Effects and mechanisms of dietary polyphenols in ameliorating glycolipid metabolic disorders: Inhibition of advanced glycation end products.

In recent years, the incidence of glycolipid metabolic disorders such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), obesity, and diabetic nephropathy (DN) has increased sharply, posing a significant threat to global public health and economic stability. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), formed via the Maillard reaction (MR) between the carbonyl groups of reducing sugars and the free amino groups of proteins, play a critical role in the pathogenesis of these conditions. As such, inhibiting AGEs formation has emerged as a promising strategy for the prevention and treatment of glycolipid metabolic diseases.

Chiral Pesticides Selectively Influence the Dissemination of Antibiotic Resistance Genes: An Overlooked Environmental Risk.

The global spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) poses a critical threat to public health and environmental safety. Among environmental factors, the widespread use of chiral pesticides has raised ecological concerns, yet their enantioselective impacts on ARG propagation remain largely unexplored. Here, we investigate how chiral pesticides influence microbial ARG dissemination at the enantiomeric level.

Prenatal stress and cortical morphometric similarity network in offspring: Transcriptional signatures of associated genes.

Background: Prenatal stress is known to disrupt neurodevelopment in offspring, heightening their risk of mental health disorders. However, its impact on the morphometric similarity network (MSN)-a framework that integrates multiple anatomical features to quantify structural similarity across brain regions in the developing offspring-remains poorly understood.

Methods: Using data from the Queensland Twin Adolescent Brain (QTAB) longitudinal study focusing on adolescent twins, we investigated the impact of prenatal stress on cortical MSN in 414 early adolescents (aged 9-14 years).

Neuroprotective effects of Gastrodia elata and its compounds in a Caenorhabditis elegans Alzheimer's disease model.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by learning and memory impairments, primarily caused by excessive β-amyloid protein (Aβ) accumulation, which induces neurotoxicity and metabolic dysfunction. Gastrodia elata (GE), a medicinal herb, has demonstrated antioxidant, antidepressant, and neuroprotective properties, making it a promising candidate for treating neurological diseases. However, systematic studies on its active compounds improving learning and memory through targeted metabolomics remain limited.

Optimizing olverembatinib dose in chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia.

Optimizing olverembatinib dose in people with chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is important to increase safety without compromising efficacy. We designed a multi-center retrospective study comparing safety and efficacy of olverembatinib between the recommended dose of 40 mg every other day (QOD; N = 216) and a reduced dose of 30 mg QOD (N = 66) in subjects failing other tyrosine kinase-inhibitors (TKIs). The cohorts were similar in baseline co-variates and adjusted for by propensity score matching (PSM).

A novel water quality risk assessment framework for reservoir water bodies coupling key parameter selection and dynamic warning threshold determination.

Water quality early warning is crucial for protecting ecological security and controlling pollution in lakes and reservoirs. However, the traditional warning level may not provide accurate data for a specific area. Therefore, it is necessary to design an adaptive early warning threshold and identification system that conforms to the actual operating environment.

Spatial regulation of chrysosplenetin on amino acid homeostasis linked to artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium berghei K173 based on targeted metabolomics.

Chrysosplenetin, a polymethoxy flavonol purified in our laboratory from the waste products generated during the industrial extraction of artemisinin, has been previously demonstrated to be a potential inhibitor of artemisinin resistance. Based on NMR-untargeted metabolomics, one of its hypothesized mechanisms of action is associated with the regulation of amino acid metabolism. In this study, we further quantified the key amino acids using LC-MS/MS targeted metabolomics and screened out the perturbed metabolic pathway network, which was characterized by tissue-specific differences.

Melanoidins from stir-frying Atractylodes Macrocephala: Structural characterization, molecular weight distribution, and polyphenol delivery mechanism.

This study investigates the chemical composition, structural characteristics, and functional properties of melanoidins from stir-frying Atractylodes Macrocephala. Formed through the Maillard reaction during thermal processing, melanoidins were fractionated into high molecular weight (MLD-2) and low molecular weight (MLD-1) components. The results demonstrated that MLD-2 exhibited greater browning intensity, enhanced antioxidant capacity, and improved polyphenol release in the colon, suggesting promising health benefits.

Factors influencing on functional independence outcomes after hospitalization and rehabilitation in children with spinal cord injury.

Objective: This study is to investigate the factors that influence functional autonomy outcomes in children who have undergone rehabilitation for spinal cord injury. The aim is to enhance the clinical guidance provided to inpatients at the China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Bo-ai Hospital. Furthermore, the objective is to optimize rehabilitation interventions and establish a scientific basis.

Genetic variation in a tandemly duplicated TPS gene cluster contributes to the diversity of aroma in lychee fruit.

Fruits undergo a similar ripening process, yet they exhibit a range of differences in color, taste, and shape, both across different species and within the same species. How does this diversity arise? We uncovered a conserved fruit ripening process in lychee fruit in which a NAC transcription factor, LcNAC1, acts as a master regulator. LcNAC1 regulates the expression of two terpene synthase genes, LcTPSa1 and LcTPSa2, which belong to a gene cluster consisting of four TPS genes.

Predictive and prognostic values of serum C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 9 for first-ever ischemic stroke.

Background: The C1q/Tumor Necrosis Factor-related Protein 9 (CTRP9) is a relatively novel adipokine having showed protection on cerebrovascular system. However, its clinical values have not been well established. This work is to evaluate CTRP9 as predictors of onset risk and outcome of ischemic stroke.

Hypersaline organic wastewater treatment: Biotechnological advances and engineering challenges.

The sustainable treatment of hypersaline organic wastewater (HSOW) remains a significant challenge in industrial wastewater management, as conventional approaches often fail to meet stringent discharge standards and low-carbon sustainability targets. Halotolerant and halophilic microbial strains offer promising solutions, yet their application is hindered by limited stress resistance, thus hindering effective treatment and achieving near-zero liquid discharge. In this review, we systematically examine endogenous strategies, such as microbial mutualism and genetic engineering, alongside exogenous approaches, including functional materials, electrical and magnetic stimulation, and 3D bioprinting, to improve microbial resilience in hypersaline environments.

Taming Unleashed Large Language Models With Blockchain for Massive Personalized Reliable Healthcare.

The digital health field's pursuit of massive, personalized healthcare continuously faces constraints from doctors' resources and capacity limitations. Recently, the emergence of large language models (LLMs), with their remarkable comprehension and processing abilities, has revolutionized digital health and enhanced massive, personalized healthcare. Although these LLMs have achieved significant advancements, they have also introduced inevitable hallucinations, which impact patient safety when used in massive applications.

Stir-frying duration modulates structural characterization and functional properties of Atractylodes macrocephala polysaccharides.

Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. (Baizhu, BZ) is a renowned herb in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Its bioactive components include volatile oils, lactones, and polysaccharides, with recent studies focusing on how processing techniques like stir-frying influence these compounds' properties.

Novel strategies for constructing highly efficient silicon/carbon anodes: Chemical prelithiation and electrolyte post-treatment.

Chemical prelithiation is an effective method to compensate for the loss of active lithium due to the formation of solid electrolyte interface, effectively addressing the issue of low initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) in silicon/carbon (Si/C) materials. Herein, the Si/C anode is prelithiated in a 1 M lithium-phenanthrene/2-methyltetrahydrofuran (Li-Phe/2-MTHF) solution in our work, and the prelithiated Si/C anode is followed by post-treatment with commercial electrolytes containing lithium difluorobis(oxalato)phosphate (LiDFBOP). The PSi/C-L, originated from the reaction between residual Li-Phe/2-MTHF and the commercial electrolyte containing 0.