Huazhuo Sanjie Chubi Decoction attenuates gouty arthritis and kidney fibrosis by regulating urate transporters and JAK2/STAT3 pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Gouty arthritis (GA), a metabolic disorder, presents as recurrent acute arthritis with hyperuricemia. Huazhuo Sanjie Chubi decoction (HSCD), a traditional Chinese medicine oral decoction, has been extensively utilized for spleen deficiency with damp retention and GA management. However, its mechanisms against GA and associated renal fibrosis remain underexplored.

What are the key factors contributing to the inequity in healthcare resource allocation? Evidence from China's health panel data from 2009 to 2021.

Background: As economic growth drives higher demand for health services, equitable health resource allocation becomes crucial to meet diverse healthcare needs. Since China's reform and opening-up, increased government healthcare investment has not fully resolved regional disparities. Existing studies, often relying on methods other than the concentration index, fail to comprehensively analyze the link between resource inequities and economic factors.

[Cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome caused by microdeletion of chromosome 19p13.3: a case report and literature review].

This article reports a child with cardioaciocutaneous syndrome (CFCS) caused by a rare microdeletion of chromosome 19p13.3, and a literature review is conducted. The child had unusual facies, short stature, delayed mental and motor development, macrocephaly, and cardiac abnormalities.

The hidden dangers in routine medical complaints: uncovering patient harm.

Background: Patient harm incidents (PHI) significantly impact healthcare quality and outcomes. Despite technological advances, predicting and managing these incidents remains challenging. This study aims to develop a predictive model to distinguish the genuine PHI from medical complaints and non-harmful events.

Molecular mechanisms of aberrant fatty acids metabolism in driving cardiovascular diseases: key regulatory targets and dietary interventions.

In recent years, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have emerged as one of the leading global risk factors for mortality. As the primary energy source for myocardial metabolism, alterations in fatty acid (FAs) metabolism play a crucial role in myocardial energy imbalance in patients with CVDs. These metabolic disruptions can affect vascular and myocardial cell function through various mechanisms, thereby contributing to the onset and progression of CVDs.

Single-cell RNA sequencing dataset of hearts from wild type and Cyp26b1 knockout mouse embryos.

LVNC (Left Ventricular Non-Compaction), which is a type of cardiomyopathy characterized by an abnormal heart muscle structure. Retinoic acid (RA) is crucial for normal heart development, including the regulation of myocardial differentiation and chamber formation. Cyp26b1 plays a key role in regulating RA signaling by degrading RA.

Linkable Ring Signature for Privacy Protection in Blockchain-Enabled IIoT.

The blockchain-enabled industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) faces security threats such as quantum computing attacks and privacy disclosure. Targeting these issues, in this study, we design a new lattice-based linkable ring signature (LRS) scheme, which is used to achieve privacy protection for the blockchain-enabled IIoT. Firstly, by using the trapdoor generation algorithm on the lattice and the rejection sampling lemma, we propose a new lattice-based LRS scheme with anti-quantum security and anonymity.

CBC Complex Regulates Hyphal Growth, Sclerotial Quantity, and Pathogenicity in the Necrotrophic Fungus .

The cap-binding protein complex (CBC), comprising Cbp20 and Cbp80, is crucial for gene expression, yet its role in the notorious crop pathogen remains unclear. Immunoprecipitation coupled with LC-MS/MS demonstrated that BcCbp20 interacts with BcCbp80. Yeast two-hybrid, GST pull-down, and Split-luciferase complementation assays confirmed that the conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM, 54-127 aa) of BcCbp20 and the N-terminal MIF4G domain (1-370 aa, 1-577 aa) of BcCbp80 constitute the core interaction regions.

Integrating SHAP analysis with machine learning to predict postpartum hemorrhage in vaginal births.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a machine learning (ML) model integrated with SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis to predict postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) following vaginal deliveries, offering a potential tool for personalized risk assessment and prevention in clinical settings.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective multicenter cohort study in Northeast China, including women who had vaginal deliveries at three tertiary hospitals from September 2018 to December 2023. Data were extracted from electronic medical records.

Proteomic analysis of infiltrating neutrophils from rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid and their contribution to protein carbamylation.

Introduction: Carbamylated proteins and dysregulated neutrophils are implicated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis. Herein, we characterized the neutrophils present in RA synovial fluid (SF) using proteomic techniques and evaluated their contribution to protein carbamylation.

Methods: RA-SF neutrophil proteomic profile and SF proteome signature were investigated using high-resolution mass spectrometry.

Phytochemical characterization and pharmacological mechanisms of Huazhuo Sanjie Chubi Decoction in treating gouty arthritis: A multivariant approach.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Huazhuo Sanjie Chubi Decoction (HSCD), a Chinese herbal formula, is traditionally used for the treatment of spleen deficiency with dampness accumulation and is commonly used to treat gouty arthritis (GA). However, the potential active compounds and mechanisms of HSCD remain unclear.

Aim Of The Study: To elucidate the key bioactive compounds and pharmacological mechanisms of HSCD in treating GA.

Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation Over Cerebellum Facilitates Neurological Recovery in Poststroke Depression via the cAMP/PKA/CREB Pathway.

Background: Stroke causes somatic dysfunction and psychological disorders, leading to poststroke depression (PSD). This study investigates mood alterations in PSD models via cerebellar intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS).

Methods: PSD animal models were developed using middle cerebral artery occlusion and chronic unpredictable mild stress procedures.

Bacterial Hachiman complex executes DNA cleavage for antiphage defense.

Bacteria have developed a variety of immune systems to combat phage infections. The Hachiman system is a novel prokaryotic antiphage defense system comprising HamA and HamB proteins, which contains the DUF1837 and helicase domains, respectively. However, the defense mechanism remains only partially understood.

Cross-tissue multi-omics analyses reveal the gut microbiota's absence impacts organ morphology, immune homeostasis, bile acid and lipid metabolism.

The gut microbiota influences host immunity and metabolism, and changes in its composition and function have been implicated in several non-communicable diseases. Here, comparing germ-free (GF) and specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice using spatial transcriptomics, single-cell RNA sequencing, and targeted bile acid metabolomics across multiple organs, we systematically assessed how the gut microbiota's absence affected organ morphology, immune homeostasis, bile acid, and lipid metabolism. Through integrated analysis, we detect marked aberration in B, myeloid, and T/natural killer cells, altered mucosal zonation and nutrient uptake, and significant shifts in bile acid profiles in feces, liver, and circulation, with the alternate synthesis pathway predominant in GF mice and pronounced changes in bile acid enterohepatic circulation.

[Exploration of pharmacodynamic substances and potential mechanisms of Huazhuo Sanjie Chubi Decoction in treatment of gouty arthritis based on UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS technology and network pharmacology].

Based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS) technology and network pharmacology, this study explored the pharmacodynamic substances and potential mechanisms of Huazhuo Sanjie Chubi Decoction in the treatment of gouty arthritis(GA). UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS technology was used to identify the components in Huazhuo Sanjie Chubi Decoction, and the qualitative analysis of its active ingredients was carried out, with a total of 184 active ingredients identified. A total of 897 active ingredient targets were screened through the PharmMapper database, and 491 GA-related disease targets were obtained from the OMIM, GeneCards, CTD databases.

Spatiotemporal transcriptomics elucidates the pathogenesis of fulminant viral myocarditis.

Fulminant myocarditis (FM) is a severe inflammatory condition of the myocardium that often results in sudden death, particularly in young individuals. In this study, we employed single-nucleus and spatial transcriptomics to perform a comprehensive analysis of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)-induced FM in A/J mice, spanning seven distinct time points pre- and post-treatment. Our findings reveal that mesothelial cells play a critical role in the early stage of myocarditis by acting as primary targets for CVB3 infection.

Structural and mechanistic insights into the activation of a short prokaryotic argonaute system from archaeon Sulfolobus islandicus.

Prokaryotic Argonaute proteins (pAgos) defend the host against invading nucleic acids, including plasmids and viruses. Short pAgo systems confer immunity by inducing cell death upon detecting invading nucleic acids. However, the activation mechanism of the SiAgo system, comprising a short pAgo from the archaeon Sulfolobus islandicus and its associated proteins SiAga1 and SiAga2, remains largely unknown.

Postpartum haemorrhage following vaginal delivery: a comprehensive analysis and development of predictive models for aetiological subgroups in Chinese women.

Objectives: This study aimed to dissect the aetiological subgroups of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) that occur after vaginal delivery in women with full-term singleton pregnancies. Our goal was to craft and validate predictive models to guide clinical decision-making and optimise resource allocation.

Design: A retrospective cohort study.

A Machine Learning-Based Prediction Model for Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Multicenter Validation Study.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality.

Objective: This study aimed to establish and validate predictive models for AKI in hospitalized patients with CAP based on machine learning algorithms.

Methods: We trained and externally validated 5 machine learning algorithms, including logistic regression, support vector machine, random forest, extreme gradient boosting, and deep forest (DF).

D-mannose alleviates chronic periodontitis in rats by regulating the functions of neutrophils.

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the destruction of the components of the periodontium. It significantly impacts oral health and has been linked to systemic conditions like cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The critical role of neutrophils in the occurrence and development of chronic periodontitis has been paid increasing attention.

A study on the precision of voxel- and surface-based mandibular superimposition.

Objective: To apply the more accurate technique for mandibular superimposition and provide a valuable reference for the assessment of mandibular tooth movement and condylar remodeling before and after orthodontic treatment.

Methods: This retrospective study involved 38 adult patients who underwent two cone beam computer tomography (CBCT) scans at different stages of treatment at Fujian Provincial People's Hospital between September, 2020 and December, 2022. The software Dolphin was used for mandible segmentation, enabling voxel-based mandibular superimposition with the mandibular ramus as the reference region.

A multifunctional targeted nano-delivery system with radiosensitization and immune activation in glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM), the most common primary brain malignancy in adults, is notoriously difficult to treat due to several factors: tendency to be radiation resistant, the presence of the blood brain barrier (BBB) which limits drug delivery and immune-privileged status which hampers effective immune responses. Traditionally, high-dose irradiation (8 Gy) is known to effectively enhance anti-tumor immune responses, but its application is limited by the risk of severe brain damage. Currently, conventional dose segmentation (2 Gy) is the standard radiotherapy method, which does not fully exploit the potential of high-dose irradiation for immune activation.

Optimizing resident training in obstetrics and gynecology: a new perspective on the refined Peyton four-step teaching method.

Objective: In the surgery-focused field of obstetrics and gynecology (OB-GYN), the development of residents' skills is paramount. This study aims to evaluate the impact of an enhanced Peyton Four-Step Teaching Model on the foundational skill training of first-year OB-GYN residents.

Methods: Utilizing a cohort study design, we assessed 116 first-year residents from the OB-GYN residency program at Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from June 2021 to June 2023.