A regulator of amino acid sensing links lipid peroxidation and lipid droplet-dependent antioxidant response.

Recent studies highlight the antioxidant role of lipid droplets (LDs) in shielding unsaturated lipids from peroxidation. While LDs accumulate during oxidative stress, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Our previous research revealed that intracellular amino acids directly bind to and activate the E3 ubiquitin ligase Ubr1 to degrade Plin2, an LD protein inhibiting lipolysis.

Huazhuo Sanjie Chubi Decoction attenuates gouty arthritis and kidney fibrosis by regulating urate transporters and JAK2/STAT3 pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Gouty arthritis (GA), a metabolic disorder, presents as recurrent acute arthritis with hyperuricemia. Huazhuo Sanjie Chubi decoction (HSCD), a traditional Chinese medicine oral decoction, has been extensively utilized for spleen deficiency with damp retention and GA management. However, its mechanisms against GA and associated renal fibrosis remain underexplored.

Rational phosphating layer design in biomass-derived hard carbons toward fast charging capability of sodium ion battery anodes.

Continuous side reactions between a biomass-derived hard carbon (HC) surface and the electrolyte affect its cycling stability and fast-charging performance. Therefore, constructing a stable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) while facilitating easier desolvation of sodium ions in the electrolyte is key to achieving stable fast charging. Theoretical calculations confirmed that NaP can induce the formation of a Na solvation structure with low solvent coordination, thus achieving a lower desolvation energy barrier and faster Na diffusion capability through the SEI.

Accelerating primer design for amplicon sequencing using large language model-powered agents.

The pre-trained knowledge compressed in large language models is addressing diverse scientific challenges and catalysing the progression of autonomous laboratory systems, synergized with liquid handling robots. Here we introduce PrimeGen, an orchestrated multi-agent system powered by large language models, designed to streamline labour-intensive primer design tasks for targeted next-generation sequencing. PrimeGen uses GPT-4o as a central controller to engage with experimentalists for task planning and decomposition, coordinating various specialized agents to execute distinct subtasks.

7-step endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy with implant-based breast reconstruction: nipple sensation preservation and low complications.

Background: Single-port endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy (E-NSM) with implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR) represents a promising surgical technique. However, the surgical procedures are complex and lack standardized and systematic surgical protocols. The seven-step method was introduced as a means of simplifying the complex surgical procedures, with detailed descriptions provided of the key points and critical aspects of the surgery.

Minimally invasive axillary lymph node dissection versus conventional axillary lymph node dissection: a comparative study on short-term efficacy in breast cancer.

Background: This study aims to compare the short-term clinical efficacy of minimally invasive axillary lymph node dissection (MIAD) versus conventional axillary lymph node dissection (CAD) in the treatment of breast cancer with positive axillary lymph nodes.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of breast cancer patients who underwent MIAD and CAD in the Breast Surgery Department from January 2022 to August 2024. The primary outcomes assessed included surgical results, complications, post-operative upper limb function, and quality of life score for both groups.

[Tracing the origin of crude oil based on fingerprint profiles obtained by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry].

Crude oils are complex mixtures of thousands of organic compounds that differ significantly in relative molecular mass， volatility， content， and polarity. Traditional methods for analyzing crude oil often involve complicated steps， consume large amounts of organic solvents， and require long sample-preparation times. These limitations lead to inefficient and time-consuming analysis processes.

Heterozygous deletion of exon 17 of the Kit gene impairs mouse spermatogenesis by attenuating MAPK-ERK signaling.

Background: A splice mutation that causes skipping of exon 17 in the KIT gene is a major reason for the dominant white phenotype of pigs. Exon 17 of the KIT gene may be related to differences in testis size and sperm quality among different pig breeds. Investigating the effects of exon 17 of the KIT gene on spermatogonia differentiation and testicular development is essential for understanding the genetic causes of reduced fertility and semen quality in pigs.

Lithiation-Driven Phase Engineering Unlocking Broadband NIR Emission in Cr-Doped Zinc Tantalate.

Structural phase evolution is among the most powerful tools for tuning material properties, enabling advancements in catalysis, dielectrics, optoelectronics, and photoluminescence. Such an evolution can significantly enhance the near-infrared (NIR) emission properties of Cr-doped phosphors. Herein, we present, to the best of our knowledge, the first observation of lithiation-induced continuous structural phase evolution in ZnTaO phosphors, driven by Li incorporation.

Increase the Long-Wavelength Absorption for Carbon-Electrode Based Hole-Conductor-Free Perovskite Solar Cells by Thicker Perovskite Films.

Weak reflectivity of carbon-electrode (CE) limits light harvesting of perovskite solar cells that are based on CEs (CPSCs), especially for long-wavelength region. To solve this problem, herein the crystallization of perovskite (PVSK) is regulated by tuning the concentration of PbI precursor during the two-step growth method. As concentration increases from 1.

Adjunctive Intermittent Theta-Burst Stimulation for Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Studies.

Objective: In order to determine whether intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) is a viable adjunct treatment for schizophrenia, a meta-analysis of double-blind, randomized clinical trials (RCTs) was performed.

Methods: Four independent researchers extracted and synthesized data from RCTs on adjunctive iTBS for patients suffering from schizophrenia. RevMan 5.

Targeting METTL3 as a checkpoint to enhance T cells for tumour immunotherapy.

Background: Immunotherapy has emerged as a crucial treatment modality for solid tumours, yet tumours often evade immune surveillance. There is an imperative to uncover novel immune regulators that can boost tumour immunogenicity and increase the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. Epigenetic regulators play critical roles in tumour microenvironment remodelling, and N6-methyladenosine (mA) is known to be involved in tumourigenesis.

A Bipedal Walking Model Considering Trunk Pitch Angle for Estimating the Influence of Suspension Load on Human Biomechanics.

Objective: Suspended loads have been shown to improve loaded-walking economy. Establishing a biped walking model with dynamic trunk pitch angles can provide more comprehensive estimates of the human biomechanical response under suspended loads.

Methods: We developed the trunk-load- hip dynamics, modified the spring-loaded-inverted-pendulum (SLIP) model, and optimized the loaded-walking pattern for minimal energetic cost.

Exploring the role of non-canonical splice site variants in aberrant splicing associated with reproductive genetic disorders.

Whole-exome sequencing (WES) is frequently utilized in diagnosing reproductive genetic disorders to identify various genetic variants. Canonical ±1,2 splice sites are typically considered highly pathogenic, while variants at the 5' or 3' ends of exon boundaries are often considered synonymous or missense variants, with their potential impact on abnormal gene splicing frequently overlooked. In this study, we identified five variants located at the last two bases of the exons and two canonical splicing variants in five distinct families affected by reproductive genetic disorders through WES.

Octylammonium Iodide Induced in-situ Healing Behavior at Perovskite / Carbon Interface: the "Slow-Release Effect" Caused by Carbon Black Adsorption.

"Perovskite / Carbon" interface has remained a key bottleneck for the hole-conductor-free perovskite solar cells based on carbon-electrode (CPSCs), due to problems like loose physics contact, defects, energy mismatch, poor chemical coupling, etc. A previous study shows that octylammonium iodide (OAI) blending in carbon paste induced a kind of "in-situ healing" effect for "perovskite / carbon" interface, and improved power conversion efficiency from ≈13% to >19%. Here the beneath mechanism is further explored by careful examination of the interaction between OAI molecule and carbon black (CB) nanoparticles.

Short-term exposure to ozone may trigger the onset of Kawasaki disease: An individual-level, case-crossover study in East China.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute, systemic vasculitis that primarily affects children aged under the age of 5. While environmental factors have been linked to the development of KD, the specific role of ozone (O) pollution in triggering the disease onset remains uncertain. This study aimed to examine the associations between short-term O exposure and KD onset in children.

Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone Induced "Confinement Effect" on PbI and the Improvement on Crystallization and Thermal Stability of Perovskite.

Polyvinyl pyrrolidone is blended in PbI with varied concentration, so as to study the coarsening dynamics of perovskite during the two-step growth method. It is observed that polyvinyl pyrrolidone hinders the crystallization of PbI and helps to form a more amorphous PbI matrix, which then improves perovskite crystallization. As the blending concentration increases from 0 to 2 mM, average crystallite/grain size of perovskite increases from 40.

Octylammonium Iodide Induced In-situ Healing at "perovskite/Carbon" Interface to Achieve 85% RH-moisture Stable, Hole-Conductor-Free Perovskite Solar Cells with Power Conversion Efficiency >19.

"Perovskite/carbon" interface is a bottle-neck for hole-conductor-free, carbon-electrode basing perovskite solar cells due to the energy mismatch and concentrated defects. In this article, in-situ healing strategy is proposed by doping octylammonium iodide into carbon paste that used to prepare carbon-electrode on perovskite layer. This strategy is found to strengthen interfacial contact and reduce interfacial defects on one hand, and slightly elevate the work function of the carbon-electrode on other hand.

Cloning, tissue specificity and regulation of expression of genes of four key enzymes related to long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) biosynthesis by ambient salinity during embryogenesis in the marine teleost Siganus guttatus.

The rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus was the first marine teleost reported to possess long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) biosynthetic ability, and the related molecular mechanisms have been well clarified. Here, we investigated the LC-PUFA biosynthesis capability of the congeneric rabbitfish S. guttatus.

Associations of lipids and lipid-lowering drugs with risk of stroke: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of death worldwide, but it is unclear whether circulating lipids and lipid-lowering drugs are causally associated with stroke and its subtypes.

Methods: We used two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to examine the effects of blood lipids and lipid-lowering drugs on stroke and its subtypes.

Results: The inverse variance weighted Mendelian randomization (IVW-MR) revealed the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (OR, 1.

Optical time-stretch imaging flow cytometry in the compressed domain.

Imaging flow cytometry based on optical time-stretch (OTS) imaging combined with a microfluidic chip attracts much attention in the large-scale single-cell analysis due to its high throughput, high precision, and label-free operation. Compressive sensing has been integrated into OTS imaging to relieve the pressure on the sampling and transmission of massive data. However, image decompression brings an extra overhead of computing power to the system, but does not generate additional information.

Identification of Ubr1 as an amino acid sensor of steatosis in liver and muscle.

Background: Malnutrition is implicated in human metabolic disorders, including hepatic steatosis and myosteatosis. The corresponding nutrient signals and sensors as well as signalling pathways have not yet been well studied. This study aimed to unravel the nutrient-sensing mechanisms in the pathogenesis of steatosis.

Improved Thermal Stability and Film Uniformity of Halide Perovskite by Confinement Effect brought by Polymer Chains of Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone.

Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) is doped to PbI and organic salt during two-step growth of halideperovskite. It is observed that PVP molecules can interact with both PbI and organic salt, reduce the aggregation and crystallization of the two, and then slow down the coarsening rate of perovskite. As doping concentration increases from 0 to 1 mM in organic salt, average crystallite size of perovskite decreases monotonously from 90 to 34 nm; Surface fluctuation reduces from 259.

Simultaneous expression of three reporter proteins from a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-based vector.

The mechanism of discontinuous transcription for the synthesis of a series of sub-genomic mRNAs to express the structural proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) potentially allows for the simultaneous expression of multiple foreign genes. This can occur by insertion of multiple novel independent transcription units between the ORF sequences of the PRRSV genome. Here, an expression cassette consisting of a red fluorescent protein (RFP) gene flanked at its 3' end by transcription-regulating sequences (TRS) and an expression cassette consisting of an iLOV gene flanked at its 5' end by TRS, was constructed.