Enhanced Blood-Brain Barrier Penetrability of BACE1 SiRNA-Loaded Prussian Blue Nanocomplexes for Alzheimer's Disease Synergy Therapy.

Amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition was an important pathomechanisms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ generation was highly regulated by beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), which is a prime drug target for AD therapy. The silence of BACE1 function to slow down Aβ production was accepted as an effective strategy for combating AD.

Causal relationship between circulating immune cells and diabetic nephropathy: A Mendelian randomization study.

This study explores the causal relationship between circulating immune cells and diabetic nephropathy (DN) progression using Mendelian randomization. We selected instrumental variables from genome-wide association study summary statistics, which included datasets of circulating leukocytes, flow cytometric subgroups of lymphocytes, and DN. Applying the standard Mendelian randomization approach and refining it with sensitivity analysis and horizontal pleiotropy examination, we found a significant causal association between increased eosinophil counts and a higher risk of DN (odds ratio: 1.

Epidemiology of tuberculosis and HIV coinfection among inpatients in chengdu, china, 2018-2022.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are infectious diseases that pose serious threats to human health. TB and HIV can interact to promote the progression of diseases. This study aims to provide basic evidence for the formulation of disease prevention and control strategies.

A comprehensive review of genetic mutations occurring in the development and progression of gastric cancer.

Background Gastric cancer (GC), a leading cause of mortality globally, is a complex condition stemming from various factors including unhealthy lifestyle habits, genetic mutations expressed in a single nucleotide, environmental effects, and chronic Helicobacter pylori infections. The development and progression of GC is gradual over many years, with a lack of specific symptoms in early stages. This results in late diagnosis at advanced stages when the cancer is more aggressive, which in turn significantly impacts the prognosis and treatment options.

Oral microbiome components predict response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer patients.

The oral microbiome has emerged as a critical biomarker and regulator in cancer development and treatment response, garnering increasing attention from researchers. However, its specific role in breast cancer, particularly in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), remains poorly understood. The influence of the oral microbiome on chemotherapy sensitivity in TNBC, along with the underlying molecular mechanisms, remains unclear.

7-step endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy with implant-based breast reconstruction: nipple sensation preservation and low complications.

Background: Single-port endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy (E-NSM) with implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR) represents a promising surgical technique. However, the surgical procedures are complex and lack standardized and systematic surgical protocols. The seven-step method was introduced as a means of simplifying the complex surgical procedures, with detailed descriptions provided of the key points and critical aspects of the surgery.

Tumor-associated macrophages and platelets in tumor microenvironment and its potential therapeutic role in ovarian cancer.

Ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal cancers among gynecological tumors, with most cases diagnosed at an advanced stage. Despite advancements in medical science, current therapeutic options remain somewhat constrained, leading to a persistently high mortality among patients. The tumor microenvironment (TME) critically drives ovarian cancer progression by orchestrating tumorigenesis, metastasis, and chemoresistance via intercellular crosstalk, metabolic reprogramming, and immunosuppression.

Robot assisted sentinel lymph node biopsy using indocyanine green combined with carbon nanoparticles staining improved detection rates in breast cancer.

This study aimed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of robot-assisted sentinel lymph node biopsy using carbon nanoparticles with or without indocyanine green in breast cancer. A total of 52 patients with breast cancer who underwent robot-assisted sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy and subcutaneous mastectomy between August 2023 and September 2024 were extracted. Data collection included patient demographics, metastasis status, and surgery parameters.

Minimally invasive axillary lymph node dissection versus conventional axillary lymph node dissection: a comparative study on short-term efficacy in breast cancer.

Background: This study aims to compare the short-term clinical efficacy of minimally invasive axillary lymph node dissection (MIAD) versus conventional axillary lymph node dissection (CAD) in the treatment of breast cancer with positive axillary lymph nodes.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of breast cancer patients who underwent MIAD and CAD in the Breast Surgery Department from January 2022 to August 2024. The primary outcomes assessed included surgical results, complications, post-operative upper limb function, and quality of life score for both groups.

Germline mutations predispose a concurrent thymoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Although thymoma is a rare malignancy, it is usually accompanied by secondary cancers. Non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma is one of the most common secondary neoplasms observed in patients with thymoma, presenting before, concurrently with, or after the diagnosis. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of concomitant thymoma and lymphoma remains unclear.

Enhancing micronutrient bioavailability in wheat grain through organic fertilizer substitution.

The effect of organic fertilizer substitution (OFS) on crop micronutrients often varies due to differences in environmental conditions, soil types, and nutrient status. This study aims to evaluate the effects of OFS on wheat grain micronutrients and bioavailability across five sites in Shandong Province from 2021 to 2022. All experimental sites included five common treatments: control, traditional farming, optimized practices, and 15 and 30% OFS for chemical nitrogen.

Plasma cfDNA VILL gene methylation as a diagnostic marker for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Currently, the non-invasive diagnostic methods for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) continue to grapple with the challenge of low sensitivity. The hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes is an established early event in NPC pathogenesis. Consequently, we conducted whole-genome methylation sequencing on plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from six NPC cases and four healthy controls, integrating Illumina Human Methylation 450 K microarray data from the GEO database comprising six NPC cases and six samples of non-cancerous nasopharyngeal tissue (NP).

Establishment and Clinical Application of Rh Blood Group Bank in the East China Region.

Purpose: To investigate the expression and distribution of Rh phenotypes (C, c, D, E, e) among voluntary blood donors in a specific region of East China, to establish a regional Rh phenotype database, and to enhance the precision and efficacy of clinical blood transfusions.

Patients And Methods: A total of 28979 blood samples were collected from voluntary donors at a central blood station in East China between May 2023 and December 2023. An automated blood type analyzer was used to determine Rh phenotypes, which were then applied clinically for ABO and Rh blood type-matching in transfusions.

The regulation of cassava nanostarch structure treated with malt endogenous enzymes and adsorption property for anthocyanins.

The enzymatic preparation of nanostarch exhibits specific and efficient. However, commercial amylases face issues of expensive and time-consuming extraction, which limit their application. This study obtained cassava nanostarch (MCS) from Cassava starch (CS) treated with malt endogenous amylase, followed by structural characterization and property exploration.

Towards Rational Design of Confined Catalysis in Carbon Nanotube by Machine Learning and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo Simulations.

The microenvironment is recognized to be as crucial as active sites in heterogeneous catalysis. It was found that the catalytic activity of a set of chemical reactions can be significantly influenced by the confined space of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), with some reactions showing superior activity, while others experience a negative impact. The rational design of confined catalysis must rely on the accurate insights of confined microenvironment.

New insights into the role of complement system in colorectal cancer (Review).

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. With the growing understanding of immune regulation in tumors, the complement system has been recognized as a key regulator of tumor immunity. Traditionally, the complement cascade, considered an evolutionarily conserved defense mechanism against invading pathogens, has been viewed as a crucial inhibitor of tumor progression.

Pharmacodynamic material basis of licorice and mechanisms of modulating bile acid metabolism and gut microbiota in cisplatin-induced liver injury based on LC-MS and network pharmacology analysis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Cisplatin (CP), a widely used antineoplastic agent, is a leading cause of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) due to its hepatotoxic effects. Licorice (GC), an established remedy in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has shown promise in addressing liver diseases and DILI. Nonetheless, the specific active components and underlying mechanisms of GC in mitigating CP-induced liver injury remain inadequately investigated.

Rhaponticin Alleviates Collagen-induced Arthritis by Inhibiting NLRP3/GSDMD-mediated Neutrophil Extracellular Traps.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play an important role in the inflammatory response and progressive joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Rhaponticin (Rha) is a stilbene glycoside compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of Rha in RA, with a specific focus on its effects on NETs and on the underlying mechanisms of Rha.

Trust in nutrition, subjective norms and urban consumers' purchase behavior of quinoa products: explanation based on preference heterogeneity.

Introduction: With the increase of disposable income and the awakening of health consciousness of Chinese residents, higher requirements have been put forward for the nutritional value of food. To meet the market demand and promote the high-quality development of the whole quinoa industry chain, this study aimed to analyze the purchase behavior of quinoa from the aspects of nutritional trust and subjective norms.

Methods: Based on 1,078 micro-survey data from 16 administrative districts in Shanghai, this paper empirically examined the influence of trust in nutrition and subjective norms on consumers' purchase behavior and willingness to pay of quinoa products, and further investigated the moderating effect of preference heterogeneity.

Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) as a potential therapeutic target for lung diseases: a narrative review.

Background And Objective: Farnesoid X receptor (FXR), which is encoded by the gene, is a ligand-activated transcription factor and a member of the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily. As a receptor for bile acid (BA), FXR has been shown to play a key role in the regulation of BA metabolism, lipid metabolism, and the inflammatory response. This article reviews the roles of FXR in the pathogenesis of various lung diseases, and identifies potential diagnostic indicators or therapeutic targets for these diseases.

Tumor-Derived EBV-miR-BART2-5p Promotes Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Metastasis by Inducing Premetastatic Endothelial Cell Pyroptosis.

Extravasation is a key step in tumor metastasis. Epstein‒Barr virus plays a crucial role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) metastasis. However, the functions and molecular mechanisms of Epstein‒Barr virus during tumor cell extravasation remain unclear.

Retrospective analysis of survival and safety of bevacizumab biosimilar and original drug combination chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer.

Introduction: The advent of bevacizumab has considerably transformed the therapeutic landscape for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients devoid of specific genetic mutations. A pivotal milestone has been reached with the recent approval of a bevacizumab biosimilar, following rigorous phase III clinical investigations, poised to augment NSCLC therapeutic strategies.

Methods: This retrospective analysis encompasses a large-scale study conducted between January 2021 and December 2023, involving 1058 NSCLC patients (metastatic or locally advanced stages).

Causal influence of plasma metabolites on age-related macular degeneration: A Mendelian randomization study.

Using genome-wide association study data from European populations, this research clarifies the causal relationship between plasma metabolites and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and employs Metabo Analyst 5.0 for enrichment analysis to investigate their metabolic pathways. Employing Mendelian randomization analysis, this study leveraged single nucleotide polymorphisms significantly associated with plasma metabolites as instrumental variables.

The application of methylene blue location technique in deep-seated benign breast tumor resection under endoscopy: a retrospective, single-institution analysis.

Background: Endoscopic curative excision of benign breast diseases (BBDs) can preserve the cosmetic appearance of the breast. However, endoscopic surgery is not feasible, and some challenges still need to be addressed. Traditional line marker localization methods cannot visualize tumors, and the exploration of deep tumors may lead to certain risks of accidental injury.