The mRNA vaccine encoding Gc protein confers complete protection against severe fever with thrombocytopaenia syndrome virus.

Severe fever with thrombocytopaenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), an emerging tick-borne pathogen, causes haemorrhagic fever in infected patients and is associated with a high mortality rate in humans. The imperative need for vaccines against this lethal virus is underscored by a lack of effective preventive measures. The results of this study yield notable advancements: the successful development of an SFTSV mRNA vaccine encoding the glycoprotein C (Gc) gene, achieving N-linked glycosylation in the expressed protein.

Effects of Vibrio alginolyticus on intestinal health and intestinal flora of sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus intermedius).

The aim of this study was to understand the effect of Vibrio alginolyticus on the intestinal tract of Strongylocentrotus intermedius. The effects of injecting V. alginolyticus into the body cavity via the perioral membrane at concentrations of 0 CFU/mL (C), 1.

Thermogenesis and Energy Metabolism in Brown Adipose Tissue in Animals Experiencing Cold Stress.

Cold exposure is a regulatory biological functions in animals. The interaction of thermogenesis and energy metabolism in brown adipose tissue (BAT) is important for metabolic regulation in cold stress. Brown adipocytes (BAs) produce uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in mitochondria, activating non-shivering thermogenesis (NST) by uncoupling fuel combustion from ATP production in response to cold stimuli.

Single-dose intranasal AdC68-vectored vaccines rapidly protect Syrian hamsters against lethal Nipah virus infection.

Nipah virus (NiV) infection is highly lethal in humans, and the development of vaccines that provide rapid protection is critical for addressing NiV outbreaks. In this study, we demonstrate that a single intranasal immunization with the chimpanzee adenoviral-vectored NiV vaccine, AdC68-F, induced robust and sustained cellular and humoral responses in BALB/c mice, and provided complete protection against challenge with the NiV-Malaysia strain (NiV-M) in Syrian hamsters. Notably, AdC68-F, administered at a dose of 5 × 10 viral particles, offered a complete prophylactic protection window as few as 7 days before exposure to a lethal NiV-M challenge.

Comparative transcriptome sequencing of two shell colour variants of Haliotis discus hannai identifying genes involved in shell formation and photosensitivity.

Shell colour variation in Haliotis discus hannai is a complex trait influenced by genetic, physiological, and environmental factors. This study investigates the molecular mechanisms underlying shell colour formation, with a focus on the roles of biomineralisation, photosensitivity, and stress resistance. Using transcriptome analysis and microstructural observations, we compared red-shelled (RS) and green-shelled (GS) variants to identify key genes and pathways associated with shell colour.

Relieving Effect of Extract on DSS-Induced Colitis by Regulating Immunity, Antioxidant Function, Gut Microbiota, and Bile Acid Metabolism in Mice.

, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, possesses antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the therapeutic effect of extraction (AOE) in treating colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in mice. The in vitro antioxidant activity of AOE was evaluated by assessing its iron reduction capacity and scavenging capacity towards 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radicals (·OH).

A safer cell-based yellow fever live attenuated vaccine protects mice against YFV infection.

The live attenuated yellow fever vaccine (YF17D) has caused controversial safety issues in history with low-yield problems, which has led to a large population being unable to be vaccinated and vaccine shortage in facing recent outbreaks. Here, we report a safer live attenuated vaccine candidate, YF17D-Δ77, which contains 77 nucleotides deletion in the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) of the YF17D genome. YF17D-Δ77 exhibited no neurotropism and decreased viscerotropism and caused significantly lower lethality in mice compared to YF17D.

Novel antiviral discoveries for Japanese encephalitis virus infections through reporter virus-based high-throughput screening.

Japanese encephalitis (JE) caused by JE virus (JEV), remains a global public health concern. Currently, there is no specific antiviral drug approved for the treatment of JE. While vaccines are available for prevention, they may not cover all at-risk populations.

Clean and efficient synthesis of LiFePO cathode material using titanium white waste and calcium dihydrogen phosphate.

Large amounts of titanium white waste are generated in the production of titanium dioxide using sulphate method, which in turn can be used to prepare LiFePO cathode material, thereby reducing environmental risks and achieving resource recovery. However, a key challenge lies in the elimination of impurities. In this work, a cost-efficient and straightforward approach based on phase transformation during hydrothermal treatment was proposed to utilize titanium white waste with calcium dihydrogen phosphate for the preparation of LiFePO cathode material.

Both chimpanzee adenovirus-vectored and DNA vaccines induced long-term immunity against Nipah virus infection.

Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly lethal zoonotic paramyxovirus that poses a severe threat to humans due to its high morbidity and the lack of viable countermeasures. Vaccines are the most crucial defense against NiV infections. Here, a recombinant chimpanzee adenovirus-based vaccine (AdC68-G) and a DNA vaccine (DNA-G) were developed by expressing the codon-optimized full-length glycoprotein (G) of NiV.

Vaccines based on the fusion protein consensus sequence protect Syrian hamsters from Nipah virus infection.

Nipah virus (NiV), a bat-borne paramyxovirus, results in neurological and respiratory diseases with high mortality in humans and animals. Developing vaccines is crucial for fighting these diseases. Previously, only a few studies focused on the fusion (F) protein alone as the immunogen.

Balancing charge recombination and hole transfer rates in hematite photoanodes by modulating the Co/Fe sites in the OER cocatalyst.

This work investigates the roles of Co and Fe sites in a composite cocatalyst on the performance of hematite photoanodes for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. The cobalt/iron-based composite (Co-Fe-O) cocatalyst, consisting of adjustable Co/Feratios, was synthesized using a one-step hydrothermal method. It reveals that Co sites with a robust capacity for low-bias hole capture, which is insignificantly affected by partial substitution by Fe, decelerate the charge recombination process.

Recovery of iron and aluminum from iron-rich bauxite residue by an integrated phase reconstruction approach.

The comprehensive recovery of iron and aluminum from iron-rich bauxite residue (IRBR) is of critical importance both in terms of resource utilization and environment protection, which, however, is challenging due to the intertwined phases between Iron and aluminum. In this study, an integrated phase reconstruction approach, consisting of alkali roasting, two-stage column leaching, and carbonation decomposition, was proposed for Fe/Al recovery from IRBR. The results demonstrated that aluminum and sodium were fused into soluble substances such as sodium aluminate (NaAlO, NaAlO, and NaO (AlO)) in the alkali roasting process, allowing for the separation of Al and Fe in the subsequent leaching process.

Outer fold is sole effective tissue among three mantle folds with regard to oyster shell colour.

Molluscs constitute the second largest phylum of animals in the world, and shell colour is one of their most important phenotypic characteristics. In this study, we found among three folds on the mantle edge of oyster, only the outer fold had the same colour as the shell. Transcriptome and mantle cutting experiment indicated that the outer fold may be mainly reflected in chitin framework formation and biomineralisation.

Evolution of Immune Evasion and Host Range Expansion by the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 (Omicron) Variant.

Recently, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant B.1.1.

A novel TBK1/IKKϵ is involved in immune response and interacts with MyD88 and MAVS in the scallop .

Inhibitor of κB kinase (IKK) family proteins are key signaling molecules in the animal innate immune system and are considered master regulators of inflammation and innate immunity that act by controlling the activation of transcription factors such as NF-κB. However, few functional studies on IKK in invertebrates have been conducted, especially in marine mollusks. In this study, we cloned the IKK gene in the Zhikong scallop and named it .

CfIRF8-like interacts with the TBK1/IKKε family protein and regulates host antiviral innate immunity.

The interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family, a class of transcription factors with key functions, are important in host innate immune defense and stress response. However, further research is required to determine the functions of IRFs in invertebrates. In this study, the coding sequence of an IRF gene was obtained from the Zhikong scallop (Chlamys farreri) and named CfIRF8-like.

Regulation of Tyrosinase Gene Expression by Retinoic Acid Pathway in the Pacific Oyster .

Retinoic acid (RA) plays important roles in various biological processes in animals. RA signaling is mediated by two types of nuclear receptors, namely retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and retinoid x receptor (RXR), which regulate gene expression by binding to retinoic acid response elements (RAREs) in the promoters of target genes. Here, we explored the effect of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on the Pacific oyster at the transcriptome level.

Perirenal hematoma and delayed contrast metabolism after cerebral intravascular therapy: A case report.

Rationale: Hematomas after percutaneous angiography often occur in the thigh, retroperitoneal, intraperitoneal, or abdominal wall. Renal hematoma after percutaneous angiography is very rare.

Diagnoses: Herein, we present a case of perirenal hematoma and delayed contrast metabolism after cerebral angiograph, which may be caused by improper operation.

Counteracting health risks by Modulating Homeostatic Signaling.

Homeostasis was initially conceptualized by Bernard and Cannon around a century ago as a steady state of physiological parameters that vary within a certain range, such as blood pH, body temperature, and heart rate [1,2]. The underlying mechanisms that maintain homeostasis are explained by negative feedbacks that are executed by the neuronal, endocrine, and immune systems. At the cellular level, homeostasis, such as that of redox and energy steady state, also exists and is regulated by various cell signaling pathways.