Differential Cell-Specific, Regulatory Roles of FcγRIIB through IgG in IgA Nephropathy.

Background: IgA nephropathy is the most common form of glomerulonephritis and a leading cause of kidney failure. Ample evidence confirms the deposition of IgA and IgG, as well as the infiltration of mononuclear leukocytes in kidney biopsy specimens from IgA nephropathy patients. Previously, we established an experimental IgA nephropathy model in B cell-deficient mice, implicating interactions between Fcγ receptors (FcγRs) in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy.

Comprehensive analysis of [F]MFBG biodistribution normal patterns and variability in pediatric patients with neuroblastoma.

Purpose: [F]-meta-fluorobenzylguanidine ([F]MFBG) PET/CT is a promising imaging modality for neural crest-derived tumors, particularly neuroblastoma. Accurate interpretation necessitates an understanding of normal biodistribution and variations in physiological uptake. This study aimed to systematically characterize the physiological distribution and variability of [F]MFBG uptake in pediatric patients to enhance clinical interpretation and differentiate normal from pathological uptake.

A Review of On-Surface Synthesis and Characterization of Macrocycles.

Macrocyclic organic nanostructures have emerged as crucial components of functional supramolecular materials owing to their unique structural and chemical features, such as their distinctive "infinite" cyclic topology and tunable topology-dependent properties, attracting significant recent attention. However, the controlled synthesis of macrocyclic compounds with well-defined compositions and geometries remains a formidable challenge. On-surface synthesis, capable of constructing nanostructures with atomic precision on various substrates, has become a frontier technique for exploring novel macrocyclic architectures.

[F]MFBG PET/CT is an effective and preferable imaging modality for neuroblastoma in a prospective comparison with SSTR PET.

Purpose: [F]-meta-fluorobenzylguanidine ([F]MFBG) and somatostatin receptor (SSTR)-targeted PET tracers have both been proposed for imaging neuroblastoma, however, their respective clinical roles remain unclear. This prospective study compared [F]MFBG PET with SSTR-targeted PET, using either [Ga]Ga-DOTATATE or [F]AlF-NOTA-octreotide([F]-OC), to evaluate diagnostic performance and potential clinical impact in neuroblastoma.

Methods: Sixteen patients (median age 5.

Effect of Locoregional Vs General Anesthesia on Incidence of Delayed Neurocognitive Recovery in Patients Undergoing Hip Fracture Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: Delayed neurocognitive recovery is common in elderly patients undergoing major surgery under general anesthesia. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to examine whether continuous femoral nerve block plus sacral plexus block reduces the rate of delayed neurocognitive recovery in patients undergoing hip surgery.

Methods: This is a single-centre, randomized controlled trial.

Structures of butyrophilin multimers reveal a plier-like mechanism for Vγ9Vδ2 T cell receptor activation.

Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, the major circulating human γδ T cell subset, respond to infections and tumors by recognizing phosphoantigens (pAgs) via transmembrane butyrophilins (BTN3A1, BTN3A2, and BTN2A1). Here, using cryoelectron microscopy, we resolved the structures of BTN multimers bound to the microbial pAg HMBPP alone and in complex with the T cell receptor (TCR). These structures reveal that BTN3A1 and BTN2A1 cooperate to sense pAgs through their intracellular B30.

Atmospheric Reactive Halogens Reshaped by the Clean Energy Policy and Agricultural Activity in a Rural Area of the North China Plain.

Reactive halogen species (RHS) play important roles in air pollution and climate change. Observational evidence has identified coal and biomass burning as an important source of RHS in polluted continental regions, including the North China Plain (NCP). Over the past ten years, the Chinese government has enacted various mitigation measures to control air pollutant emissions, including a clean energy initiative in the NCP.

A cross-sectional study investigating the L-shaped relationship between urinary albumin creatinine ratio and overweight/obesity in children and adolescents.

Childhood and adolescent obesity has become one of the most serious public health problems worldwide, and obesity may have potential effects on kidney health. The urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) is a sensitive indicator for assessing renal impairment. Relevant studies on pediatric and adolescent populations are more limited and controversial.

ESCRT may function as a tumor biomarker, transitioning from pan-cancer analysis to validation within breast cancer.

Background: Studies have shown that ESCRT genes affect cell aging, immune environment, and tumors. BRCA was used to explore its effects on tumor prognosis and therapy.

Methods: The data sets of Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genome-Tissue Expression Plan (GTEX), Human Protein Mapping (HPA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC), R software package, and bioinformatics methods were used to mine the potential carcinogenic effects of ESCRT, including the expression level, prognostic value, and immune value of ESCRT in various types of tumor tissues, and the potential function of ESCRT family genes was further verified in breast cancer.

Carbon Isotopic Signatures of Aquifer Organic Molecules along Anthropogenic Recharge Gradients.

The property of groundwater dissolved organic matter (DOM) subjected to anthropogenic groundwater recharge (AGR) might be affected by the water quality disparity between surface water and natural groundwater. However, the diverse molecular scenarios of groundwater DOM under uneven recharging levels remain largely unexplored. We combined molecular characteristics, carbon isotopic signatures of organic molecules, and end-member mixing analysis to explore the sensitivity and potential tracking capabilities of DOM to AGR along with recharging gradients.

One-Step Symbiosis of Bimetallic Peroxides Nanoparticles to Induce Ferroptosis/Cuproptosis and Activate cGAS-STING Pathway for Enhanced Tumor Immunotherapy.

To improve the efficiency and application prospects of metal peroxides in tumor therapy, the synthesis of bimetallic peroxides via simple yet effective approaches will be highly significant. In this work, hyaluronic acid modified zinc-copper bimetallic peroxides (ZCPO@HA) nanoparticles are synthesized through a one-step symbiotic method by co-hydrolysis of zinc acetate and copper acetate in weakly alkaline solution, followed by modification with sodium hyaluronate. Upon decomposition in the tumor microenvironment, ZCPO@HA nanoparticles can generate a considerable content of hydroxyl radical (·OH) by Fenton-like reaction between Cu and self-compensating hydrogen peroxide, while downregulating the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 to induce ferroptosis.

Bibliometric and visual analysis of drug-specific immunotherapy from 1990 to 2024.

Specific immunotherapy (SIT) is key in allergic diseases, tumor immunity, and autoimmune regulation. In recent years, the mechanism of action of drugs in SIT has attracted much attention, including the induction of hypersensitivity responses and modulation of immune tolerance. However, scientific challenges remain regarding their mechanism of action and optimization strategies.

Relationship between preoperative neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein ratio and postoperative systemic inflammatory response syndrome in elderly patients: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) remains a serious health problem that consumes a large amount of medical resources. The objective of the study was to investigate whether older patients with a high neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein ratio (NHR) before surgery were more susceptible to postoperative SIRS.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients older than 65 years admitted to the two campuses of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between January 2015 and September 2020.

Theoretical Investigation of Elastic, Electronic, and Thermodynamic Properties of Half-Heusler Semiconductors ZrNiPb and ZrPdPb Under Pressure.

The half-Heusler semiconductors ZrNiPb and ZrPdPb have attracted considerable attention due to their excellent thermoelectric performance, owing largely to their appropriate energy bandgap. However, the bandgap is sensitive to pressure, which may influence their thermoelectric behavior. In this study, the effects of pressure on the elastic, electronic, and thermodynamic properties of the half-Heusler semiconductors ZrNiPb and ZrPdPb are investigated based on first-principles calculations combined with the quasi-harmonic Debye model.

Vertical Gradient of Nitryl Chloride and Implications for Atmospheric Photochemistry in Pearl River Delta, China, during Wintertime.

Nitryl chloride (ClNO) is a key precursor of chlorine radicals, influencing atmospheric oxidation and secondary pollutants formation. Few studies have examined the ClNO chemistry from the perspective of the planetary boundary layer. Here, we conducted a vertically resolved investigation of ClNO at six heights (ranging from 5 to 335 m) on a 356 m tower in the Pearl River Delta, China, during winter 2021.

Overexpression of CHMP2B suppresses proliferation of renal clear cell carcinoma cells.

Objectives: To analyze the association of CHMP2B expression level of with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CRCC) and the possible role of CHMP2B in tumorigenesis and progression of CRCC.

Methods: RNAseq data of CRCC were downloaded from the TCGA database for analysis of CHMP2B expression levels in tumor and adjacent tissues and their correlation with clinicopathological characteristics of the patients. Survival outcomes of the patients with high and low CHMP2B expressions were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier model, and the COX risk regression model was used for identifying the prognostic factors of the patients.

Rolling schedule design for the ESP rolling process based on NSGA-II-DE.

Multiple processes connected closely during the endless strip production (ESP) rolling, it is difficult to obtain the global optimal solution by multi-objective modelling of a single process, and the parameters to be optimized coupled with each other. To obtain the optimal solution, a multi-objective optimization model combining the power consumption, product quality, and loading balance was proposed for the design of an ESP rolling schedule. The thickness and heating temperature were simultaneously taken as the decision variables for coupling the temperature and loading in the rolling process, and the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) based on differential evolution (NSGA-II-DE) was applied to obtain the Pareto solutions.

Factors retarding enhanced recovery from thermal ablation of liver tumors: A single-center prospective study.

Purpose: To evaluate the risk factors that may delay enhanced recovery in the ablation of liver tumors.

Methods: A total of 310 patients who underwent ultrasound-guided ablation of liver tumors under general anesthesia were prospectively enrolled. Baseline data, intraoperative parameters, and postoperative events were evaluated.

Structural Characterization of Encapsulin in Complex with Dye-Decolorizing Peroxide.

(Mtb) is the causative agent of tuberculosis, the world's deadliest infectious disease. Mtb uses a variety of mechanisms to evade the human host's defenses and survive intracellularly. Mtb's oxidative stress response enables Mtb to survive within activated macrophages, an environment with reactive oxygen species and low pH.

Up-regulation of HIF-1α in refractory sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

Objectives: To investigate the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in patients with refractory sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL).

Material And Methods: Thirty patients with refractory SSNHL were treated with intratympanic methylprednisolone perfusion (IMP) for 10 days. Expression of HIF-1α and histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) was evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and .

Construction and characterization of sodium alginate/polyvinyl alcohol double-network hydrogel beads with surfactant-tailored adsorption capabilities for efficient tetracycline hydrochloride removal.

The extensive use of tetracycline (TC) for disease control and the residuals in wastewater has resulted in the spread and accumulation of antibiotic resistance genes, posing a severe threat to the human health and environmental safety. To solve this problem, a series of double-network hydrogel beads based on sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol were constructed with the introduction of various surfactants to modulate the morphology. The results showed that the introduction of surfactants can modulate the surface morphology and internal structure, which can also regulate the adsorption ability of the hydrogel beads.

The presence of broadly neutralizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD antibodies elicited by primary series and booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine.

Antibody-mediated immunity plays a key role in protection against SARS-CoV-2. We characterized B-cell-derived anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD antibody repertoires from vaccinated and infected individuals and elucidate the mechanism of action of broadly neutralizing antibodies and dissect antibodies at the epitope level. The breadth and clonality of anti-RBD B cell response varies among individuals.