Quality of life assessment tools for chronic cough in children: a systematic review.

Purpose: The aim is to examine studies evaluating the life quality of children suffering from chronic cough over the last 10 years, concentrating on three areas: the development and validation of new tools, the cultural adaptation of existing tools, and the usage of common tools.

Methods: A series of digital explorations were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library databases to find pertinent literature. The selection of literature adhered to specific criteria for its inclusion and exclusion.

A cross-sectional study investigating the L-shaped relationship between urinary albumin creatinine ratio and overweight/obesity in children and adolescents.

Childhood and adolescent obesity has become one of the most serious public health problems worldwide, and obesity may have potential effects on kidney health. The urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) is a sensitive indicator for assessing renal impairment. Relevant studies on pediatric and adolescent populations are more limited and controversial.

Bibliometric and visual analysis of drug-specific immunotherapy from 1990 to 2024.

Specific immunotherapy (SIT) is key in allergic diseases, tumor immunity, and autoimmune regulation. In recent years, the mechanism of action of drugs in SIT has attracted much attention, including the induction of hypersensitivity responses and modulation of immune tolerance. However, scientific challenges remain regarding their mechanism of action and optimization strategies.

Morality on the road: Should machine drivers be more utilitarian than human drivers?

Machines powered by artificial intelligence have the potential to replace or collaborate with human decision-makers in moral settings. In these roles, machines would face moral tradeoffs, such as automated vehicles (AVs) distributing inevitable risks among road users. Do people believe that machines should make moral decisions differently from humans? If so, why? To address these questions, we conducted six studies (N = 6805) to examine how people, as observers, believe human drivers and AVs should act in similar moral dilemmas and how they judge their moral decisions.

Human and machine drivers: Sharing control, sharing responsibility.

Machines are empowered with ever-increasing agency and decision-making authority to augment or even replace humans in various settings, making responsibility attribution less straightforward when they cause harm. Focusing on their applications in transportation, we consider human judgments of responsibility for automated vehicle crashes through a cross-national survey (N = 1657) and design hypothetical crashes after the 2018 Uber automated vehicle crash reportedly caused by a distracted human driver and an inaccurate machine driver. We examine the association between automation level-the human and machine drivers have different levels of agency (i.

Is it OK to bully automated cars?

To integrate automated vehicles (AVs) into our transportation network, we should consider how human road users will interact with them. Human aggression toward AVs could be a new risk in mixed traffic and reduce AV adoption. Is it OK to drive aggressively toward AVs? We examined how identical aggressive behavior toward an AV or human driver is appraised differently by observers.