Acid and weakly acidic reflux characteristics in pediatric airway malacia by pH and multiple intraluminal impedance monitoring: a retrospective cohort study.

Unlabelled: The objective of this study was to analyze the 24-h pH and multiple intraluminal impedance (pH-MII) monitoring results in pediatric patients with airway malacia, with the aim of comprehensively understanding the characteristics of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in these patients and exploring their potential roles in the pathogenesis of airway malacia. This retrospective cohort study enrolled pediatric patients who underwent 24-h pH-MII monitoring and bronchoscopy at Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province from January 2017 to October 2023. Among 64 pediatric patients with airway malacia, 24 (37.

Thermodynamic equilibrium of the transitions between the closed and open forms of a spiropyran-based molecular switch monitored variable-temperature H NMR spectroscopy.

A benzothiazole spiropyran exhibited both photochromic and acid-chromic properties. variable-temperature H NMR spectroscopy, the equilibrium constants , Δ and Δ of the ring-closed to ring-opened transition were calculated as 10, 38.62 kJ mol and -5.

Effectiveness of self-management intervention program based on Self-Determination Theory and Solution-Focused Approach in adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in China has been continuously increasing, with adolescents constituting the peak age group for onset. Effective self-management behaviors are critical for achieving disease remission and facilitating the transition of adolescents with IBD from childhood to adulthood. However, unmet basic psychological needs frequently erode motivation for self-management, resulting in suboptimal self-care practices.

Chiral Dominance in Supramolecular Co-assemblies via Cation-π Driven Stereochemical Locking.

Controlling supramolecular chirality in multicomponent systems remains a significant challenge due to competing stereochemical interactions. In this study, we report a case of competitive chiral dominance in binary co-assemblies composed of enantiomeric tartaric acid derivatives (a1 and a2) and enantiomeric pyridine derivatives (R/S-py). The dibenzoyl-substituted tartaric acid (a1) is capable of overriding the chirality of the co-assemblies by protonating the chiral pyridines to form pyridinium-carboxylate pairs.

A Review of the Current State of Off-Label Therapies for Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Off-label use of biologic therapies in patients with pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has seen an increase in utilization. In this paper, we review the current state of off-label therapies in the pediatric IBD population. Real-world use of ustekinumab (UST), vedolizumab (VDZ), upadacitinib (UPA), tofacitinib, and ozanimod in the adult population could prove positive outcomes in the pediatric population.

The role of proactive therapeutic drug monitoring in guiding infliximab therapeutic optimization in pediatric patients with Crohn's disease: A retrospective study.

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) plays an important role in guiding treatment plan adjustments and clinical outcomes in Crohn's disease. To evaluate the role of TDM-guided optimization of infliximab dosage in patients with pediatric Crohn's disease. Medical records of patients with pediatric Crohn's disease who were treated with infliximab and had proactive TDM from June 2020 to June 2022 at the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were included.

PACAP inhibits sepsis-associated acute lung injury by inhibiting the Sp1/AQP1 pathway.

Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) represents a severe pathological state marked by uncontrolled inflammation, redox imbalance, and alveolar-capillary barrier breakdown. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) in a murine sepsis-ALI model. PACAP treatment notably ameliorated histological damage, reduced oxidative stress biomarkers, and mitigated inflammatory processes, including neutrophil accumulation and pro-inflammatory cytokine release.

UHPLC-QTOF-MS-based metabolomics joint high-throughput RNA sequencing transcriptomics approach for the analysis of fecal and liver biological samples and application in a case study for the mechanism of Qing-Kai-Ling oral liquid in treating MASLD.

Qing-Kai-Ling (QKL) oral liquid has been increasingly used in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). However, the specific metabolic differentials and metabolic pathway mechanisms that affect the MASLD regulated by QKL remained unclear. In this study, serum biochemical analyses and hematoxylin-eosin staining of the liver revealed QKL reduced liver injury and enhanced lipid metabolism ability, respectively.

Effects of eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing on depressive symptoms, stress and rumination in adolescents with depression: a randomised controlled trial.

Adolescent depression patients who have experienced stressful life events usually have more severe symptoms. Existing treatment plans are not effective in reducing the high recurrence rate of adolescent depression. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), an integrative therapy, can effectively alleviate depressive symptoms, but the evidence of its effectiveness in treating adolescent depression is still insufficient.

Association between peripheral inflammation and body mass index on white matter integrity and free water in bipolar II depression.

Immuno-metabolic dysregulation is implicated in mood disorders and elucidating non-invasive brain correlates may aid clinical translation of pathomechanism. This study aims to investigate the interrelationship between peripheral inflammation and body mass index (BMI) and their effects on white matter (WM) microstructure and free water (FW) in bipolar II depression (BDII-D). Voxel-wise FW and FW-corrected fractional anisotropy (FAt) were compared between 146 BDII-D and 151 healthy controls (HCs) using FSL Randomise.

Spray-induced gene silencing of three G-protein signaling genes from the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis inhibits spore germination and hyphopodium formation.

About 70% of land plants form symbioses with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Some plant genes important for accommodating AM fungi within roots have been characterized, but AM fungal genes involved in asymbiotic growth and hyphopodium formation remain elusive due to a lack of methods for genetic manipulation. Here, we introduce an innovative gene silencing technology based on spraying double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) to characterize the functions of three genes encoding G-protein signaling proteins, including the regulator of G-protein signaling RiRgs3, the Gα subunit RiGpa3, and the Gβ subunit RiGpb1 from the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis at the asymbiotic and initial symbiotic stages.

Weakness-complementing Z-scheme black phosphorus/TiO heterojunction with efficient charge separation and photocatalytic overall water splitting activity.

The photocatalytic efficiency of Black P is limited by its rapid carrier recombination and poor oxidation ability. In contrast, the photocatalytic efficiency of TiO is limited by its rapid carrier recombination and poor visible light absorption capability. Given this, coupling Black P with TiO to construct a heterojunction achieves complementary weaknesses.

Endowing Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with Induced Supramolecular Chirality by Engineering Cation-π Interaction.

The cation-π interaction is a crucial noncovalent binding force prevalent in many biological and chemical systems, however, are rarely reported in chiral supramolecular systems. Here, a supramolecular chiral system is reported, wherein cation-π interaction play significant roles. The interaction involves a chiral cationic palladium complex (R-Pd) co-assembling with 12 different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), resulting in the formation of supramolecular gels in mixed solvents.

Smartphone video games for cognitive functions and negative symptoms in male with chronic schizophrenia: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Video games have been extensively examined as a promising and innovative approach for addressing various psychiatric disorders. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of smartphone video games on cognitive functions, psychiatric symptoms and overall functioning in male with chronic schizophrenia.

Methods: We conducted a 6-week randomized controlled trial to compare the cognitive function, psychotic symptoms, overall functioning, and other outcomes of schizophrenic patients who engaged in smartphone video games (game group) with those who watched television programs (control group).

How far do we still need to go with antibiotics in aquatic environments? Antibiotic occurrence, chemical-free or chemical-limited strategies, key challenges, and future perspectives.

Global consumption and progressive migration of antibiotics through aquatic systems have contributed to their rapid spread, posing significant threats to environmental and human health, and antibiotics have been recognized as emerging pollutants. Hence, extensive approaches have been proposed for antibiotic treatment in water, yielding great achievements. This review systematically summarized current knowledge from contamination characteristics to treatment strategies.

Association of diethylhexyl phthalate exposure with serum thyroid hormone levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Evidence suggests that diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) may disrupt thyroid hormone homeostasis by targeting multiple components of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis, potentially harming human health. However, the relationship between DEHP exposure and thyroid function remains debated. We performed a meta-analysis to clarify the association between DEHP exposure and thyroid function.

Causal Links Between Renal Function and Cardiac Structure, Function, and Disease Risk.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, the causal relationships between renal function and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to determine the causal relationships between genetic susceptibility to impaired renal function and the risk of CVD endpoints, as well as cardiac structure and function detectable by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR).

Chiral Pd(II) Nanofiber Promoting Electron Transfer of g-CN for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production.

The rapid transfer and separation of photogenerated electrons is very important for the improvement of photocatalytic efficiency. Here, chiral induced spin selectivity effect (CISS effect) was developed to accelerate electron transfer for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production. A chiral and achiral racemic supramolecular Pd(II) complex nanofiber was fabricated via supramolecular self-assembly of chiral L-Py or its racemes with Pd(II) and used to modify carbon nitride (g-CN).

White matter microstructural and inflammation-based subgroups in bipolar disorder II depression differentiate in depressive and psychotic symptoms.

Background: Elevated inflammation and impaired white matter (WM) microstructure have been observed in bipolar disorder (BD). The link between inflammation, WM integrity, and psychiatric symptoms in BD-II depression (BDII-D) remains unknown. We aimed to define BDII-D subgroups through the interplay of inflammation and WM microstructure, and to explore differences in psychiatric symptoms between subgroups, thus offering insight into elucidating the explanatory measures linked to BDII-D.

Research on the aerodynamic characteristics of dragonfly leading edge.

Dragonflies are some of the most stable and maneuverable flying organisms. To explore the mechanism of how dragonfly leading edges enhance flight lift, this article conducts a detailed study on the leading edge veins and the microstructures on them of dragonfly wings. Observations have discovered the special leading edge vein and the regularly distributed microstructures on the leading edge vein.