Enhanced Photo-Fenton Removal of Oxytetracycline Hydrochloride via BP/BiMoO Z-Scheme Heterojunction Photocatalyst.

Fenton oxidation technology utilizing hydrogen peroxide is recognized as an effective method for producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) to facilitate the degradation of antibiotics. However, the requirement for strongly acidic conditions during this process significantly restricts its broader applicability. In this study, we synthesized black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets by exposing the {010} crystal planes and then constructed a 0D/2D BP/BiMoO (PBMO) heterojunction to function as a Fenton catalyst.

Recent advances in the three-component synthesis of difluorinated compounds.

The three-component reaction offers a convenient method for synthesizing difluorinated compounds. In this review, we classify and discuss synthetic methodologies developed over the past decade (2014-2024) into three categories: (a) radical reactions, (b) difluorocarbene-mediated fluorination, and (c) other reaction types, including those using nucleophilic and electrophilic fluorine reagents. Various reagents such as AgF, pyridine·9HF, Selectfluor II, TMSCF, TMSCFBr, TMSCFPO(OEt), RCF, (CFCO)O, ClCFH, ClCFCONa, CFHSONa, [PhPCFH]Br, ClCFCl, BrCFR, ICFCOAr, and BrCFCOEt will be discussed.

Inhibits Ferroptosis and Mitophagy to Alleviate Heart Failure by Activating .

Background: Heart failure (HF) continues to represent a significant global public health concern. Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 () is a calcium-permeable channel that has been linked to cardiac disease and function. However, its significance in HF and underlying processes is unknown.

Prediction of scale-free ferroelectricity in the elemental ferroelectric compound MX with distinctive structural prototype.

The combination of two-dimensional (2D) ferroelectrics (FEs) without dangling bonds and scale-free ferroelectricity with sharp domain walls provides unexpected opportunities for achieving reliable and high-density FE devices. Here we propose a distinctive structural prototype of displacive FEs from an experimentally prepared InTe compound, and find ferroelectricity can be triggered in the InTe monolayer by applying tensile strain to soften the transverse optical modes localized at the planar-coordinated Te chains, where the shielding effect of wrinkled spacer chains formed by vertex-sharing In-Te tetragons leads to scale-free ferroelectricity with independently switchable FE polarizations. Furthermore, elemental substitutions with experimental feasibility enable us to produce 2D scale-free FEs of this prototype by demonstrating the stability of MS (M = Al, Ga, In, Tl) and MSe (M = In, Tl) with intrinsic ferroelectricity.

[Effects of moxibustion at "Xinshu" (BL15) and "Feishu" (BL13) on myocardial transferrin receptor 1 and ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 in chronic heart failure rats].

Objective: To observe the effects of moxibustion at "Xinshu" (BL15) and "Feishu" (BL13) on myocardial transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1), ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), and typeⅠcollagen myocardial collagen fibers (CollagenⅠ) in rats with chronic heart failure (CHF), and to explore the mechanism of moxibustion for ameliorating myocardial fibrosis and improving cardiac function in CHF.

Methods: Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into a normal group (=10) and a modeling group (=40). The CHF model was established in the modeling group by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery.

Toward 10 W-level all-fiber multi-color visible lasers.

So far, high-power visible laser generation has traditionally relied on nonlinear frequency conversion of near-infrared lasers, precluding efficient, compact, and affordable laser systems. An ideal solution is a rare-earth-doped fiber laser for directly generating visible light, but the output power is limited to the watt level, and the all-fiber structure is rarely reported. Here, we address this challenge by demonstrating high-power all-fiber visible lasers, directly generating either 10 W-level output power at 635 nm (red)/717 nm (deep-red) and 5 W-level output power at 521 nm (green), respectively.

915 nm single-frequency all-PM all-fiber ring laser with kHz-level linewidth.

Single-frequency fiber laser is of principal role either in frontier interdisciplinary science or advanced practical applications. Here, we present a 1-kHz-level linewidth 915 nm all-polarization-maintaining Nd-doped single-frequency all-fiber laser featuring a ring cavity configuration. Particularly, a piece of commercial unpumped Nd-doped single-cladding silica fiber is employed to achieve a single longitudinal mode operation by forming a dynamic grating.

Development and Breeding of Herbicide-Resistant Sorghum for Effective Cereal-Legume Intercropping.

Weeds bring a serious challenge to crop production, and herbicides is the most effective and economic way to manage it in field. Sorghum is a critical crop for staple food, fodder, and biofuel. However, the lack of herbicide-resistant sorghum germplasm severely impedes its production.

The OST1-HOS1-HAT1 module regulates cold response in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Plants have evolved sophisticated strategies to cope with various environmental stresses. Recent studies have provided insights into the mechanisms of rapid cold stress response through key components including OST1, ICE1, HOS1, and CBFs. However, the mechanisms by which plants modulate the intensity of their cold tolerance in response to fluctuating temperatures remain largely unexplored.

Carbapenem-resistant infections in Chinese children: activities of ceftazidime-avibactam and aztreonam-avibactam against carbapenemase-producing strains in a two-center study.

Objective: This study assessed epidemiology characteristics, carbapenem-resistance genes, and drug resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) and aztreonam-avibactam (AZA) in children with carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) infections.

Methods: A total of 363 non-repetitive CRKP strains were collected from children who underwent two tertiary children's hospital between 1 January 2021 and 30 June 2024 in Chongqing and Kunming in Southwest China. Carbapenem resistance genes and antimicrobial susceptibility were analyzed.

Ultrasonography-guided catheter-over-needle insertion for caudal epidural catheter placement in adults: technical considerations.

Background: Caudal epidural analgesia significantly reduces acute pain after anorectal surgery; however, caudal epidural catheter placement (CECP) remains challenging, and the safety of real-time ultrasonography-guided CECP is uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the success rate and related complications of real-time ultrasonography-guided CECP and describe the technical considerations.

Methods: This prospective, single-center observational study included 233 patients catheterized in the left lateral decubitus position.

Chromosomal inversion at the DG1 promoter drives double-grain spikelets and enhances grain yield in sorghum.

The phenomenon of multiple-grain spikelets is frequently observed in gramineous crops. In the case of dual-floret spikelets, the upper fertile floret develops normally to form a single grain, while the lower sterile floret undergoes abortion. Here we elucidate the role of Double-Grain 1 (DG1), a gene encoding a homeobox-domain-containing protein, in regulating the lower floret meristem activity and double-grain spikelet trait in sorghum.

A comprehensive omics resource and genetic tools for functional genomics research and genetic improvement of sorghum.

Sorghum, the fifth most important food crop globally, is a source of silage forage, fiber, syrup, and biofuel. Moreover, it is widely recognized as an ideal model crop for studying stress biology becaused of its ability to tolerate multiple abiotic stresses, including high salt-alkali conditions, drought, and heat. However, functional genomics studies on sorghum have been challenging, primarily due to the limited availability of genetic resources and effective genetic transformation techniques.

Natural variations in Multi-Grain Spikelet 1 enhance grain number in sorghum.

A single recessive gene, Multi-Grain Spikelet 1 (MGS1), governs the multiple-grain spikelet trait in sorghum. The natural variants mgs1 and mgs1 trigger adjacent double-pistil primordia, significantly boosting grain numbers per panicle, suggesting potential strategies for breeding high-yield sorghum.

Resistance to Striga parasitism through reduction of strigolactone exudation.

Parasitism with Striga poses a major threat to global food production. Striga germination and growth rely on strigolactones (SLs) exuded by crop roots under phosphate (Pi)-deficient conditions, although the mechanism of this host-parasite interaction remains elusive. In this study, transcriptomic and functional analyses of sorghum treated with Pi deficiency or the SL GR24 identify two ABC transporter G (ABCG) transporters of SL, Sorghum biocolor strigolactones transporter 1 (SbSLT1) and SbSLT2.

Effectively Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance of BP/BiOBr 2D/2D Z-Scheme Heterojunction.

Black phosphorus (BP) is a novel two-dimensional (2D) material with remarkable potential for use in environmental remediation and energy conversion. However, the practical application of BP is significantly limited by its low catalytic efficiency and poor structural stability. In this study, a Z-scheme BP/BiOBr 2D/2D heterojunction was fabricated using a simple solution reaction method at room temperature.

Advances and applications in single-cell and spatial genomics.

The applications of single-cell and spatial technologies in recent times have revolutionized the present understanding of cellular states and the cellular heterogeneity inherent in complex biological systems. These advancements offer unprecedented resolution in the examination of the functional genomics of individual cells and their spatial context within tissues. In this review, we have comprehensively discussed the historical development and recent progress in the field of single-cell and spatial genomics.

The Arabidopsis E3 ubiquitin ligase DOA10A promotes localization of abscisic acid (ABA) receptors to the membrane through mono-ubiquitination in ABA signaling.

The endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) system eliminates misfolded and short-lived proteins to maintain physiological homeostasis in the cell. We have previously reported that ERAD is involved in salt tolerance in Arabidopsis. Given the central role of the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) in plant stress responses, we sought to identify potential intersections between the ABA and the ERAD pathways in plant stress response.

The HAT1 transcription factor regulates photomorphogenesis and skotomorphogenesis via phytohormone levels.

Plants dynamically modulate their growth and development to acclimate to the fluctuating light environment via a complex phytohormone network. However, the dynamic molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying how plants regulate phytohormones during skotomorphogenesis and photomorphogenesis are largely unknown. Here, we identified a HD-ZIP II transcription factor, HOMEODOMAIN ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA1 (HAT1), as a key node that modulates the dose effects of brassinosteroids (BRs) and auxin on hypocotyl growth during skotomorphogenesis and photomorphogenesis.

GSH Oligomer-Directed Chiral Au-Helicoid Nanoparticles for Discriminating Penicillamine Enantiomers.

Preparing chiral plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) with strong chiroptical responses is crucial in numerous fields including constructing optical materials, chiral sensing, and chiral-dependent biological processes. However, precise regulation over the chiral optical activity and chiral configuration of plasmonic NPs is still a challenge. In this work, we report Au helicoid NPs with different chiral structures and reversal chirality directed by the oligomeric structure of inducer glutathione (GSH).

Rab11b promotes M1-like macrophage polarization by restraining autophagic degradation of NLRP3 in alcohol-associated liver disease.

Macrophage polarization is vital to mounting a host defense or repairing tissue in various liver diseases. Excessive activation of the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is related to the orchestration of inflammation and alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) pathology. Rab GTPases play critical roles in regulating vesicular transport.