Analytical performance and standardization of four HCV RNA assays in China: an evaluation of sensitivity, precision, and genotype inclusivity.

Introduction: Accurate, specific, and sensitive detection and quantification of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA are critical for diagnosing and managing HCV infections. This study evaluated and compared the performance of four commercially available HCV RNA quantification reagents using standardized serum panels, providing evidence-based insights for clinical applications.

Methods: Performance metrics, including analytical sensitivity, specificity, limit of detection (LOD), precision, genotype inclusivity (GT 1-6), and linearity, were assessed using seven distinct serum panels: basic, analytical specificity, seroconversion, analytical sensitivity, precision, genotype qualification, and linearity panels.

Conversion study of hepatocellular carcinoma using HAIC combined with lenvatinib and PD-1/L1 immunotherapy under the guidance of BCLC staging.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) combined with lenvatinib and immunotherapy and explore its potential as a conversion treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data from patients with uHCC who underwent HAIC, lenvatinib, and PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. Data were collected from our hospital between November 2018 and December 2022.

Development of a novel pseudovirus-based quality control material for HIV-1 nucleic acid testing and its application in external quality assessment.

With the widespread application of HIV-1 nucleic acid testing (NAT) in China, particularly in the diagnosis of HIV-1 infection, ensuring the accuracy of NAT results through quality control has become critically important. However, existing HIV-1 NAT quality control materials (QCMs), such as clinical plasma samples and inactivated HIV-1 cell culture supernatants, have limitations in sustainability, biosafety risks, and costs. MS2-armed RNA (MS2) does not replicate the biological characteristics of natural viruses or the complexities of the extraction and detection processes associated with authentic viral particles.

Donafenib and sintilimab combined with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a prospective, single-arm phase II trial (DoHAICs study).

Background: Donafenib demonstrates superior survival benefits and safety compared to sorafenib. Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) proves effective for large unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) over transarterial chemoembolization. This study aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of combining HAIC with donafenib and sintilimab in patients with uHCC.

A comparative performance evaluation of 12 HIV-1 viral load testing asssays: advancing the clinical application of HIV-1 nucleic acid testing in China.

HIV-1 viral load testing serves as a critical tool for monitoring antiretroviral therapy efficacy and detecting acute HIV-1 infections. This study evaluated the precision, linearity, and clinical performance of 12 commonly used HIV-1 viral load testing kits in China (including seven domestic and five imported kits). Precision analysis revealed that 11 kits achieved intra-assay coefficients of variation (CV%) below 5% for high and medium concentration standards at 10,000 and 1,000 IU/mL, respectively, while only 4 kits maintained comparable precision at low concentration standards (100 IU/mL).

CT-Guided Lung Biopsy with Needle Embolization Using Gelatin Sponge Slurry to Prevent Pneumothorax and Pulmonary Hemorrhage: A Propensity Score Matching Controlled Study.

Rationale And Objective: To investigate whether using gelatin sponge slurry to seal the needle tract during computed tomography (CT)-guided lung biopsy can reduce the incidence of pneumothorax (PTX) and pulmonary hemorrhage (PH).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective, large-sample, controlled study was conducted in the Interventional Therapy Department of Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from December 2022 to January 2023. A total of 1126 patients were included.

Adaptation of single molecule real time (SMRT) sequence technology for hepatitis C virus genome sequencing and identification of resistance-associated substitutions.

Background And Objective: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) impact HCV treatment with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). Therefore, a sensitive sequencing assay for detecting HCV RASs is crucial. PacBio sequencing, a Single molecule real time (SMRT) platform, is capable of long-fragment sequencing.

Study on the Technical Parameters for Estimating HIV-1 Incidence by Using a Recombinant Antigen-based Capture Enzyme Immunoassay - China.

Introduction: A novel recombinant antigen-based capture enzyme immunoassay (RAg-CEIA) was optimized and used to determine technical parameters for estimating human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) incidence in China.

Methods: We employed orthogonal experimental design to optimize RAg-CEIA by adjusting raw material dilution ratios. The assay was used to measure normalized optical density (ODn) values in 171 longitudinal plasma specimens from 51 HIV-1 seroconverting individuals, plotted against estimated days post-seroconversion.

Development and implementation of a novel method for detecting hepatitis C virus resistance-associated substitutions to NS3, NS5A, and NS5B inhibitors in Linzhou, China.

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) have a significant impact on the treatment of HCV with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). However, limited research has been conducted, and no standardized methods for detecting RASs in mainland China.

Objectives: To develop and apply a novel method for detecting HCV RASs in HCV RNA-positive patients in Linzhou, China.

The aminophospholipid transporter, ATP8B3, as a potential biomarker and target for enhancing the therapeutic effect of PD-L1 blockade in colon adenocarcinoma.

Background: Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is a prevalent malignant tumor globally, contributing significantly to cancer-related mortality. COAD guidelines label MSI (Microsatellite instability) and MSS (Microsatellite stability) subtypes as global classification criteria and treatment strategy selection criteria for COAD. Various combination therapies involving PD-L1 inhibitors and adjuvant therapy to enhance anti-tumor efficacy.

Efficacy and Safety of CT-guided Percutaneous Cryoablation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma at High-risk Sites.

Objective: This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of CT-guided percutaneous cryoablation in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) located explicitly in high-risk sites.

Materials And Methods: Data were collected retrospectively from 685 HCC patients undergoing percutaneous cryoablation at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital between January 2018 and December 2021. Of these, 106 patients had lesions in high-risk sites, defined as a minimum distance of less than 10 mm from the heart/great vessels, diaphragm, gastrointestinal tract, and gallbladder, as determined by preoperative CT or MRI imaging.

A preliminary study of optimal treatment response rates in patients undergoing hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with molecular targeting and immunotherapy.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the best response rate (BRR) as a surrogate for overall survival (OS), using the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST), in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) with fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) combined with molecular targeting and immunotherapy.

Methods: This study enrolled 111 consecutive patients who had complete imaging data. The median age of patients was 58 years (IQR 50.

Comparison of effectiveness and cost of different HCV testing strategies in high-risk populations in China.

High-risk populations are the predominant populations affected by hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and there is an urgent need for efficient and cost-effective HCV testing strategies for high-risk populations to identify potential undiagnosed HCV-infected individuals. This study compared several commonly used testing strategies and conducted effectiveness and cost analysis to select the appropriate testing strategy for diagnosing HCV infection in high-risk populations. Among the 2093 samples from high-risk populations in this study, 1716 were HCV negative, 237 were current HCV infection, 137 were past HCV infection, and three were acute early HCV infection.

Sintilimab, bevacizumab biosimilar, and HAIC for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma conversion therapy: a prospective, single-arm phase II trial.

We assessed the efficacy and safety of sintilimab [an anti-programmed death (PD-1)] plus bevacizumab biosimilar (IBI305), and hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The patients received sintilimab (200 mg) plus IBI305 (7.5 mg/kg) and HAIC (FOLFOX for 23 h) and were treated every 3 weeks.

Development and evaluation of serological screening based on one dried plasma spot for HIV, syphilis, and HCV.

Background: In the effort to prevent and control HIV/AIDS, China has established a national sentinel surveillance system. However, some sentinel sites face limitations in environmental resources and accessibility, prompting the exploration of alternative sample strategies. Dried plasma spots (DPS) samples are viewed as promising alternatives to traditional plasma samples due to their advantages, including sample stability, easy storage, and convenient transport.

ABHD17C, a metabolic and immune-related gene signature, predicts prognosis and anti-PD1 therapy response in pancreatic cancer.

Background: PDAC is a highly malignant and immune-suppressive tumor, posing great challenges to therapy.

Methods: In this study, we utilized multi-center RNA sequencing and non-negative matrix factorization clustering (NMF) to identify a group of metabolism-related genes that could effectively predict the immune status and survival (both disease-free survival and overall survival) of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients. Subsequently, through the integration of single cell sequencing and our center's prospective and retrospective cohort studies, we identified ABHD17C, which possesses metabolic and immune-related characteristics, as a potential biomarker for predicting the prognosis and response to anti-PD1 therapy in PDAC.

Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy and molecularly targeted agents for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a real world study.

Background: Molecular targeted therapy combined with immunotherapy significantly improves the prognosis of patients with advanced liver cancer. Additionally, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) can improve the prognosis of patients with advanced liver cancer. This real-world study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of HAIC combined with molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy in the treatment of primary unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC).

Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma: A bibliometric and knowledge-map analysis.

Background: In recent years, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) has gained popularity in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Although several studies have been published, no bibliometric analysis have been conducted on this topic.

Objectives: To understand the development status and future trends in the application of HAIC, we conducted bibliometric analysis to examine the cooperation and influence among countries, institutions, authors, and journals.

[Detection and clinical application of HIV-1 DNA].

The persistence of the HIV-1 reservoir is still the main obstacle to the cure of HIV. In clinical research, reliable biomarkers are needed to label it. HIV-1 DNA can be continuously detected in the HIV-1 reservoir.

The signal-to-cutoff ratios to predict HCV infection among people who inject drugs.

People who inject drugs (PWIDs) are primarily the high-risk population for HCV infection. This study aims to determine the optimal cut-off values for predicting HCV infection status based on the Signal-to-Cutoff (S/CO) ratio. In this study, a total of 719 PWIDs' samples were collected, and performed for screening test by ELISA assay, and followed by RIBA assay and NAT assay to detect HCV antibody and HCV RNA levels, respectively.

3D CNT/MXene microspheres for combined photothermal/photodynamic/chemo for cancer treatment.

MXene nanosheets have shown exciting potential in nanomedicine because of their large surface area, intense near-infrared (NIR) absorbance, and good biocompatibility. However, their development in the direction of treating tumors is constrained by the limitations of existing design methodologies. These methodologies lack control over the size and distribution of tumors.