RNAi of 20S proteasome β subunit 3 inhibits midgut homeostasis and the survival of the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria.

Background: Tissue homeostasis is essential for both morphogenesis and maintaining function. In insects, intestinal homeostasis is critical for growth and development. The midgut is key in food digestion, nutrient absorption, and immune response.

Feasibility and accuracy of targeted axillary dissection by carbon tattooing in biopsy-proven node-positive breast cancer: A prospective study.

Introduction: Targeted axillary dissection (TAD) is used for less-invasive axillary staging in patients with initially node-positive breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). However, the efficacy of TAD using carbon suspension remains unclear. Here, the aim was to evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of TAD, combining sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) using a single blue dye tracer with target lymph node biopsy (TLNB) using carbon suspension.

Natural product chelerythrine induces plant resistance through activating defensive reactions.

Background: In the realm of agricultural pest management, the stability of the ecosystem is gaining growing significance. Promoting robust plant growth to enhance disease resistance and reduce the likelihood of pest infestations is an effective approach for achieving sustainable agricultural development and minimizing the use of chemical pesticides. Natural botanical products, characterized by their environmental friendliness and biosafety for non-target organisms, hold great potential as plant resistance inducers.

Prevalence and molecular characterization of spp. in cattle in central and Western Inner Mongolia, China.

spp. are apicomplexan parasites that can cause diarrhea in humans and animals, posing a health risk to both animals and humans. Molecular epidemiological analysis provides essential data for understanding transmission, treatment, and control.

Comprehensive genomic characterization and differential expression analysis of mA RNA methylation regulatory proteins (writers, readers, and erasers) in Suaeda Salsa under abiotic stress condition.

Background: N-methyladenosine (mA), the most abundant mRNA modification, serves as a reversible epigenetic marker plays an increasingly pivotal role in gene regulation across diverse biological processes including embryo development, cell differentiation, flowering and stress responses in plants. The dynamic regulation of mA modification relies on a system comprised of writers, erasers, and readers, thereby highlighting the importance of these proteins in plant lifetime. However, these proteins responsible for the mA modification remain unknown in Suaeda salsa (S.

Effect of a machine learning prediction model on the false-negative rate of sentinel lymph node biopsy for clinically node-positive breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Background: Machine learning (ML) models can be used to predict axillary pathological complete responses (pCRs) in clinically node-positive (cN+) breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). We developed an ML model combining clinicopathological characteristics and axillary ultrasound features before and after NAC to predict the possibility of axillary pCR in NAC-treated cN + breast cancer.

Methods: Patients with cN + breast cancer who received NAC were categorized into training and verification cohorts (7:3 ratio).

Knockdown of LmSPARC influences lipid metabolic homeostasis involved ovarian development in Locusta migratoria.

Reproduction, a fundamental feature of all known life, is closely correlated with energy homeostasis. Lipids, which can accumulate, provide essential energy support for reproduction. Secreted Protein, Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC) is a cellular matrix glycoprotein involved in the regulation of extracellular matrix synthesis.

Clinical TP53 genetic testing is recommended for HER2-positive breast cancer patients aged 35 or younger.

Limited information is available for TP53 pathogenic variants (PVs) in early-onset breast cancer patients in China. We investigated the prevalence and clinical relevance of TP53 PVs among 1492 BRCA1/2-negative early-onset breast cancer patients. Peripheral blood samples were collected for TP53 genetic testing through next-generation sequencing.

Anomalous Precipitation of the γ-Fe Phase in Fe-Based Nanocrystalline Alloys and Its Impact on Soft Magnetic Properties.

High-Cu-content (Cu-content > 1.3 at.%) nanocrystalline alloys exhibit wide heat-treatment windows and favorable soft magnetic properties due to the presence of pre-existing α-Fe nanocrystals.

Myoglianin regulates the insulin signaling pathway, altering glycolipid metabolism and affecting Locusta migratoria diapause.

Diapause is a physiological adaptation regulated by both environmental and genetic factors that occurs at specific developmental stages in each species. There are few reports on the molecular regulatory mechanisms of nymphal diapause in Locusta migratoria. As an agricultural pest, this species has evolved wings and migratory abilities, making it particularly crucial to prevent the locust from remaining in its nymphal stage or inducing diapause during this phase.

MDEANet: A multi-scale deep enhanced attention net for popliteal fossa segmentation in ultrasound images.

Popliteal sciatic nerve block is a widely used technique for lower limb anesthesia. However, despite ultrasound guidance, the complex anatomical structures of the popliteal fossa can present challenges, potentially leading to complications. To accurately identify the bifurcation of the sciatic nerve for nerve blockade, we propose MDEANet, a deep learning-based segmentation network designed for the precise localization of nerves, muscles, and arteries in ultrasound images of the popliteal region.

Improved YOLOv8-seg for laryngeal structure recognition in medical images.

Objectives: Tracheal intubation is a routine procedure in clinical surgeries and emergency situations, essential for maintaining respiration and ensuring airway patency. Due to the complexity of laryngeal structures and the need for rapid airway management in critically ill patients, real-time, accurate identification of key laryngeal structures is crucial for successful intubation. This study presents a real-time laryngeal structure recognition method based on an improved YOLOv8-seg model.

A segmentation network based on CNNs for identifying laryngeal structures in video laryngoscope images.

Video laryngoscopes have become increasingly vital in tracheal intubation, providing clear imaging that significantly improves success rates, especially for less experienced clinicians. However, accurate recognition of laryngeal structures remains challenging, which is critical for successful first-attempt intubation in emergency situations. This paper presents MPE-UNet, a deep learning model designed for precise segmentation of laryngeal structures from video laryngoscope images, aiming to assist clinicians in performing tracheal intubation more accurately and efficiently.

Timing of surgery and 1-year postoperative outcomes in patients with breast cancer and preoperative COVID-19 history: A matched, longitudinal, ambidirectional cohort study.

Preoperative severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection increases the risk of postoperative complications and mortality and has long-lasting effects on multiple organ systems. The scheduling of elective surgery after SARS-CoV-2 infection depends on infection severity, vaccination status, patient factors, and surgical urgency. In the post-vaccination Omicron era of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there is limited evidence regarding the medium- and long-term postoperative outcomes and optimal surgical timing for patients with breast cancer recovering from COVID-19.

Population pharmacokinetics and clinical assessment of linezolid in pediatric bacterial infections.

The pharmacokinetic profile of linezolid still needs further definition, and insufficient or excessive exposure may lead to treatment failure or development of adverse events. Our study aimed to establish a population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model for linezolid in children with bacterial infections, develop an optimal dosage, and evaluate its efficacy and safety. A total of 157 plasma samples from 80 patients were utilized in PPK modeling.

Ligand-induced ubiquitination unleashes LAG3 immune checkpoint function by hindering membrane sequestration of signaling motifs.

Lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG3) has emerged as a promising cancer immunotherapy target, but the mechanism underlying LAG3 activation upon ligand engagement remains elusive. Here, LAG3 was found to undergo robust non-K48-linked polyubiquitination upon ligand engagement, which promotes LAG3's inhibitory function instead of causing degradation. This ubiquitination could be triggered by the engagement of major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC class II) and membrane-bound (but not soluble) fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1).

The Development of a Novel Broad-Spectrum Influenza Polypeptide Vaccine Based on Multi-Epitope Tandem Sequences.

Background: Polypeptide vaccines have the potential to improve immune responses by targeting conserved and weakly immunogenic regions in antigens. This study aimed to identify and evaluate the efficacy of a novel influenza universal vaccine candidate consisting of multiple polypeptides derived from highly conserved regions of influenza virus proteins hemagglutinin (HA), neuraminidase (NA), and matrix protein 2 (M2).

Methods: Immunoinformatics tools were used to screen conserved epitopes from different influenza virus subtypes (H1N1, H3N2, H5N1, H7N9, H9N2, and IBV).

Accessing ultrastable glass via a bulk transformation.

As a medium to understand the nature of glass transition, ultrastable glasses have garnered increasing attention for their significance in fundamental science and technological applications. Most studies have produced ultrastable glasses through a surface-controlled process using physical vapor deposition. Here, we demonstrate an approach to accessing ultrastable glasses via the glass-to-glass transition, a bulk transformation that is inherently free from size constraints and anisotropy.

Frequency of somatic and germline variants of predisposition genes in young Chinese women with breast cancer.

Purpose: Age stratification influences the clinicopathological features and survival outcomes of breast cancer. We aimed to understand the effect of age on gene variants in young Chinese women with breast cancer compared with those from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

Methods: Enrolled patients ≤ 40 years old (N = 370) underwent germline or somatic genetic testing using a 32-gene hereditary cancer panel at Fujian Union Hospital.

Research on Pine Wilt Disease Spread Prediction Based on an Improved Light Gradient Boosting Machine Model.

Pine wilt disease has caused significant damage to China's ecological and financial resources. To prevent its further spread across the country, proactive control measures are necessary. Given the low accuracy of traditional models, we have employed an enhanced light gradient boosting machine (LGBM) model to predict the development trend of pine wilt disease in China, providing a theoretical basis for its monitoring and prevention.

Prognostic study of intracranial branch atheromatous disease in the blood-supplying areas of the lenticulostriate and paramedian pontine arteries.

Introduction: Branch atheromatous disease (BAD) is prone to early neurological deterioration (END), leading to a poor prognosis. The most common arteries causing END are the lenticulostriate arteries (LSA) and the paramedian pontine arteries (PPA). To gain insight into the characteristics of symptomatic plaques and their association with poor prognosis in patients with BAD, we conducted a prospective study using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HRMRI).

Clinicopathological risk factors for prognosis and therapeutic response of primary central nervous system lymphoma in China: a single-center retrospective analysis of 118 cases.

To investigate the prognostic significance of clinicopathological factors in patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) in a single center. Patients newly diagnosed with PCNSL at our center were recruited between January 2019 and March 2023. Baseline demographic and clinicopathological data were collected retrospectively.

Development and evaluation of a sulfate precipitation method for separating key flocculated-species from titanium-based flocculant.

Key flocculated-species is the pivotal factor influencing the effectiveness of flocculants, which in turn directly determines the performance of mainstream wastewater treatment processes. Recovery of titanium-coagulated sludge and high-efficiency of titanium-coagulation have made titanium-coagulants an attractive hot point. However, the separation of key titanium-based flocculated-species remains a critical bottleneck limiting the advancement of titanium-based flocculant chemistry in water treatment.

Magnetic biochar prepared from a spent mushroom substrate as an adsorbent for the analysis of pyrethroids in environmental water samples.

In this study, a spent mushroom substrate (SMS) from Lentinus edodes cultivation was used to prepare biochar (BC) and magnetic biochar (MBC) at high temperatures. The magnetic field strength of MBC was proved via VSM analysis. The results of the nitrogen adsorption‒desorption isotherms of BC and MBC showed that MBC exhibited stronger adsorption, and SEM was performed to compare the microstructures of BC and MBC.

Tracing embodied CO emissions and drivers in China's financial industry under inter-provincial trade.

With the establishment of "Dual Carbon" targets and industrial restructuring in China, the transition from the secondary industry to the tertiary industry has facilitated the rapid development of the financial sector. However, the significant CO emissions embodied within inter-provincial trade result in carbon leakage, posing challenges in assigning equitable carbon reduction responsibilities to the financial sectors across the 31 provinces of China. This study establishes a framework for evaluating CO emissions of financial sectors through 134 samples of 60 listed financial enterprises in the 31 provinces, tracking the embodied CO emissions within inter-provincial trade by using a multiregional input-output approach.