Development of a New Purity Certified Reference Material of Gamma Linolenic Acid Methyl Ester.

In the study, a new purity certified reference material (CRM) of gamma-linolenic acid methyl ester (GLA-ME), designated as (GBW (E) 091214), was first developed in accordance with ISO Guides 17034 and 35. The research involved comprehensive investigations into the preparation, structure determination, characterization, homogeneity testing, stability testing, and uncertainty evaluation of the GLA-ME purity CRM. It was prepared by the preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (Pre HPLC) and molecular distillation (MD) method using evening primrose oil (EPO) as a raw material.

Ferritin-tagged ulva polysaccharide lyase for efficient degradation of biomass polysaccharides into reducing sugars.

Enhancing the stability and the reusability of ulva polysaccharide lyase (UPL) is crucial for the efficient production of reducing sugars from ulva polysaccharides, which are vital for their broad applications in functional foods. In this study, we innovatively developed a self-immobilized UPL by fusing the enzyme with ferritin, leading to the spontaneous formation of micron-sized ulva polysaccharide lyase supraparticles (mUPLSPs). This novel system streamlines the enzyme purification and immobilization process into a single step, effectively circumventing the need for conventional, laborious chromatographic methods.

Development of a new L-fucose purity certified reference material.

Certified Reference Materials (CRMs) with high accuracy and metrological traceability play an important role in calibrating equipment and validating analytical methods. L- fucose is a ubiquitous natural a six-carbon sugar that has many promising biological physiological functions. It can be used in medicine, food, healthcare products, cosmetics, and other fields.

Depolymerization of oyster glycosaminoglycans for the enhancement of α-glucosidase inhibition and its application in hypoglycemic studies.

Glycosaminoglycans are a class of naturally occurring macromolecular heteropolysaccharides with α-glucosidase inhibitory effects, which play an essential role in regulating postprandial hyperglycemia. However, the significant molecular weight hinders their inhibitory activity. In this study, oyster glycosaminoglycans were used for purification and depolymerization studies to obtain oyster glycosaminoglycan oligosaccharides (OGAG-Oli) and to study their inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase in vitro and hypoglycemic effect on hyperglycemic zebrafish in vivo.

All dielectric metasurface based diffractive neural networks for 1-bit adder.

Diffractive deep neural networks ( ) have brought significant changes in many fields, motivating the development of diverse optical computing components. However, a crucial downside in the optical computing components is employing diffractive optical elements (DOEs) which were fabricated using commercial 3D printers. DOEs simultaneously suffer from the challenges posed by high-order diffraction and low spatial utilization since the size of individual neuron is comparable to the wavelength scale.

Production and biological activity of β-1,3-xylo-oligosaccharides using xylanase from Caulerpa lentillifera.

In this study, β-1,3-xylanase (Xyl3088) was designed and prepared by constructing the expression vector plasmid and expressing and purifying the fusion protein. β-1,3-xylo-oligosaccharides were obtained through the specific enzymatic degradation of β-1, 3-xylan from Caulerpa lentillifera. The enzymolysis conditions were established and optimized as follows: Tris-HCl solution 0.

Regulation of PGC-1α of the Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism Pathway in the Gills of Indian Medaka () under Hypothermal Stress.

Ectothermic fish exposure to hypothermal stress requires adjusting their metabolic molecular machinery, which was investigated using Indian medaka (; 10 weeks old, 2.5 ± 0.5 cm) cultured in fresh water (FW) and seawater (SW; 35‱) at room temperature (28 ± 1 °C).

Development of a Pure Certified Reference Material of D-Mannitol.

A new certified reference material (CRM) of D-mannitol (GBW(E) 100681) has been developed in this study. We describe the preparation, structure determination, characterization, homogeneity study, stability study, as well as uncertainty estimation. The main component was 99.

Discovery of new DHA ethanolamine derivatives as potential anti-inflammatory agents targeting Nur77.

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has a strong anti-inflammatory effect and is reported to bind to the ligand-binding domain (LBD) of the anti-inflammatory modulator Nur77. Recently, we have found that DHA ethanolamine (DHA-EA) exerts anti-inflammatory activity as a Nur77 modulator. Herein, using a fragment splicing-based drug design strategy, nineteen new DHA-EA derivatives were synthesized starting from DHA algae oil and then evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity.

Umami taste evaluation based on a novel mouse taste receptor cell-based biosensor.

Umami, a taste sensation known for its savory and delicious properties, has garnered considerable attention from both consumers and the food industry. However, current understanding and evaluation of umami characteristics remain limited, presenting a long-standing issue. To address this challenge, we have developed a self-assembled biosensor based on matured taste receptor cells (TRCs), obtained through isolation and culture of taste stem cells.

Effects of fatty acid-ethanol amine (FA-EA) derivatives on lipid accumulation and inflammation.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of fatty acid-ethanol amine (FA-EA) derivatives (L1-L10) on the mitigation of intracellular lipid accumulation and downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines in vitro. First, the series of FA-EA derivatives were synthesized and characterized. Then, their cytotoxic, intracellular lipid accumulation and inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines were evaluated.

Comparison of UV and UV-LED activated sodium percarbonate for the degradation of O-desmethylvenlafaxine.

As an active metabolite of venlafaxine and emerging antidepressant, O-desmethylvenlafaxine (ODVEN) was widely detected in different water bodies, which caused potential harm to human health and environmental safety. In this study, the comparative work on the ODVEN degradation by UV (254 nm) and UV-LED (275 nm) activated sodium percarbonate (SPC) systems was systematically performed. The higher removal rate of ODVEN can be achieved under UV-LED direct photolysis (14.

Efficient Preparation of High-Purity Fucoxanthinol by SpyTag-Tailored Active Cholesterol Esterase Aggregates.

A novel approach to producing high-purity fucoxanthinol (FXOH) was exploited as a sustainable method to maximize fucoxanthin (FX) utilization. Through fusing the genes of cholesterol esterase and SpyTag and then expressing them in , the fusion chimera was self-assembled into insoluble active aggregates by SpyTag, which could be regarded as carrier-free immobilization. The immobilization yield of the active cholesterol esterase aggregates could reach 60%.

Development of certified reference materials for four polyunsaturated fatty acid esters.

Certified reference materials (CRMs) with high accuracy and traceability are essential tools for the validation of analytical methods and calibration of equipment. In this study, purity CRMs for four polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) esters, namely, cis-(4,7,10,13,16,19)- Docosahexaenoic acid methyl ester (DHA-ME), cis-4,7,10,13,16,19- Docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester (DHA-EE), cis-(5,8,11,14,17)- Eicosapentaenoic acid methyl ester (EPA-ME) and cis-(5,8,11,14,17)- Eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (EPA-EE), were first developed according to the ISO Guide. The CRMs' purity values were assigned based on the average of quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance and mass balance approaches.

Fucoxanthin Loaded in Palm Stearin- and Cholesterol-Based Solid Lipid Nanoparticle-Microcapsules, with Improved Stability and Bioavailability In Vivo.

Fucoxanthin (FX) is a marine carotenoid that has proven to be a promising marine drug due to the multiple bioactivities it possesses. However, the instability and poor bioavailability of FX greatly limit its application in pharmaceuticals or functional foods. In this study, the creative construction of a solid lipid nanoparticle-microcapsule delivery system using mixed lipids of palm stearin and cholesterol wrapped with gelatin/Arabic gum to load lipophilic FX was fabricated, aiming to improve the stability and bioavailability of FX.

Synthesis and discovery of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid- alkanolamine (PUFA-AA) derivatives as anti-inflammatory agents targeting Nur77.

In this work, three series of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid-alkanolamine derivatives (PUFA-AAs) were synthesized, characterized and their anti-inflammatory activity in vivo was evaluated. Compounds 4a, 4f, and 4k exhibited marked anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.

Development and validation of a specific and sensitive liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for determination of tetrodotoxin in human urine and its pharmacokinetic study.

Tetrodotoxin (TTX) exhibits the therapeutic potential in blocking pain and in low doses can safely relieve severe pain. The urinary excretion profiles of TTX in humans have not been reported due to the extremely low lethal dose. In this study, a rapid and specific method based on protein precipitation coupled to liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was developed to determine the level of TTX in human urine samples.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Fucoxanthinol in LPS-Induced RAW264.7 Cells through the NAAA-PEA Pathway.

Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endogenous lipid mediator with powerful anti-inflammatory and analgesic functions. PEA can be hydrolyzed by a lysosomal enzyme N-acylethanolamine acid amidase (NAAA), which is highly expressed in macrophages and other immune cells. The pharmacological inhibition of NAAA activity is a potential therapeutic strategy for inflammation-related diseases.

Comparison of acetaminophen degradation in UV-LED-based advance oxidation processes: Reaction kinetics, radicals contribution, degradation pathways and acute toxicity assessment.

Ultraviolet light emitting diode (UV-LED)-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) including UV-LED/chloramine (UV-LED/NHCl), UV-LED/hydrogen peroxide (UV-LED/HO) and UV-LED/persulfate (UV-LED/PS), were adopted for acetaminophen (AAP) removal. Results showed that AAP could be effectively degraded by the hybrid processes compared to solely using with UV irradiation and oxidants. The AAP degradation in the three UV-LED-based AOPs were in the order of UV-LED/PS > UV-LED/HO > UV-LED/NHCl and followed a pseudo-first-order kinetics.

Analgesia Effect of Enteric Sustained-Release Tetrodotoxin Pellets in the Rat.

Tetrodotoxin (TTX) was identified as a latent neurotoxin that has a significant analgesia effect. It was rapidly absorbed and excreted in rat after intramuscular (i.m.

Determination of fucoxanthinol in rat plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Previous studies have indicated that dietary fucoxanthin is mainly converted into fucoxanthinol (the deacetylated form) in mammals, but the pharmacokinetics of fucoxanthinol remains unknown. In this study, after intravenous (i.v.

Determination of trehalose by ion chromatography and its application to a pharmacokinetic study in rats after intramuscular injection.

An ion chromatography method was established for detecting trehalose in rat plasma. The samples were analyzed using a CPMA1 column (250 × 4.0 mm, Thermo) with 120 mm NaOH as eluent at a flow rate of 0.

Degradation of triclosan by chlorine dioxide: Reaction mechanism,2,4-dichlorophenol accumulation and toxicity evaluation.

The mechanism and toxicity of TCS degradation by ClO was investigated. Intermediate products during the oxidation process were identified by GC/MS and LC/MS. A microtox bioassay and a SOS/umu assay were employed to evaluate the acute toxicity and genotoxicity of the resulting solutions during the chlorination process.

Copper-Catalyzed Direct Coupling of Unprotected Propargylic Alcohols with P(O)H Compounds: Access to Allenylphosphoryl Compounds under Ligand- and Base-Free Conditions.

The first facile and efficient copper-catalyzed direct C-P cross-coupling of unprotected propargylic alcohols with P(O)H compounds has been developed, providing a general, one-step approach to construct valuable allenylphosphoryl frameworks with operational simplicity and high step- and atom-economy under ligand-, base-, and additive-free conditions.