Enzymatic degradation, structural characterization, and in vitro antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and anti-inflammatory activities of Sanghuang vaninii polysaccharides.

Polysaccharides are of interest due to their multiple biological activities. However, the molecular weight of natural polysaccharides is excessively high, resulting in low bioavailability. In this study, β-glucanase was used to degrade the polysaccharides of Sanghuang vaninii, and the hydroxyl radical scavenging rate was used as an indicator to optimize the enzymatic process.

Single-cell transcriptome profiling reveals blast cell heterogeneity and identifies novel therapeutic target IKZF2 in t(8;21) acute myeloid leukaemia.

The t(8;21)(q22;q22) translocation is one of the most recurrent cytogenetic aberrations in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). While most patients achieve complete remission, approximately 40% of them still relapse. Early identification and elimination of leukaemia clones with relapse potential could improve prognosis for t(8;21) AML patients.

The Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability (PRISM)-capabilities model for use of Artificial Intelligence in community-engaged implementation science research.

Background: Community-engaged research (CER) leverages knowledge, insights, and expertise of researchers and communities to address complex public health challenges and improve community well-being. CER fosters collaboration throughout all research phases, from problem identification and implementation to evaluation. Artificial Intelligence (AI) could enhance the collaborative process by improving data collection, analysis, insight, and engagement, while preserving research ethics.

Exploring the impact of short sleep on hypertension prevalence in the Chinese population: dose-response relationships, standardization, and health behaviors.

Aims: Explore the association between short sleep and hypertension risk in the Chinese population.

Methods: Data from the 2020 Chinese Psychological and Behavioral Study of the Population were utilized. Restricted cubic spline models assessed dose-response relationships between sleep duration and hypertension risk.

Novel loop structure of human IgG1 Fc fused CD38 targeted bispecific antibodies and their anti-tumor effect in acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) still lacks an ideal immunotherapy target. CD38 serves as a potential therapeutic target for AML. Classical bispecific antibody (BsAb) requires continuous infusion due to small molecular size and short half-life.

Comparative proteomic analysis of subcutaneous and intraperitoneal cysts of Echinococcus multilocularis.

Alveolar echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease that poses serious threats to public health. We observed subcutaneous cysts (SCs) of E. multilocularis had fewer protoscoleces (PSCs) compared to intraperitoneal cysts (ICs) at 60 days post-infection.

A spatio-temporal model of embolism propagation in leaf vein networks.

Leaf veins hydrate and sustain leaf tissue for photosynthesis. During drought and freeze events, embolisms can form in xylem conduits, ceasing the transport of water. Understanding the formation and propagation of embolisms is crucial to predicting species' responses to a changing climate.

Adipose tissue-derived PRXL2A suppresses hepatic lipogenesis in a study with male mice.

Hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) is crucial for maintaining lipid homeostasis, and its dysregulation is implicated in various metabolic diseases. While it is well established that hepatic DNL is tightly regulated by hormones such as insulin and glucagon secreted from the pancreatic islets during feeding and fasting, further investigations are required to identify more hormones affecting hepatic DNL during the feeding-fasting transition. Here, we identify PRXL2A (peroxiredoxin like 2 A), an adipokine secreted during fasting, as an inhibitor of hepatic DNL.

Demographic differences in the correlation between leisure activities and IADL in widowed older adults - a network analysis.

Background: To construct and visualize network associations between different kinds of leisure activities and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) levels of widowed older adults, and compare the difference in widowed elderly with different demographics.

Methods: This was a national cross-sectional study derived from CLHLS in 2018, consisting of 8594 widowed older adults. Network analysis was used to explore the relationship between different types of leisure activities and IADL.

Artificial Intelligence and Stigma in Addiction Research: Insights From the HEALing Communities Study Coalition Meetings.

Objectives: This paper describes how artificial intelligence (AI) was used to analyze meeting minutes from community coalitions participating in the HEALing Communities Study. We examined how often coalitions discussed stigma when selecting evidence-based practices (EBPs), variations in stigma-related discussions across coalitions, how these discussions addressed race, ethnicity, and racial inequity, and whether the frequency of stigma discussions was associated with the proportion of minoritized populations in each community.

Methods: We used Natural Language Processing, Machine Learning, and Large Language Models, employing ChatGPT Enterprise to code data, ensuring data security and privacy compliance with the General Data Protection Regulation and HIPAA.

AML1-ETO and CCND2 overexpression cooperate to drive acute myeloid leukemia initiation and progression.

Increasing numbers of clinical cohorts have detected CCND2 mutations in acute myeloid leukemia, especially in the subtype of acute myeloid leukemia with the t(8;21) translocation. This acute myeloid leukemia subtype is characterized by the formation of the AML1-ETO fusion gene. However, the AML1-ETO fusion gene alone is not sufficient to drive leukemia development.

Evaluation of the Correlation between Gut Microbiota and Renal Function in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has recently emerged as a significant, global public health threat, and the gut microbiota are now recognized as playing a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of CKD. In this study, we investigated the correlation between differential gut microbiota and renal function impairment by analyzing the structure, diversity, and other characteristics of the gut microbiota in patients with CKD. Our findings indicated that CKD patients exhibit decreased species diversity and evenness in their gut microbiota compared to healthy individuals, with notable differences in community composition between the groups.

Clinical observation on edema based on the thermal sensitivity measurement method.

Objective: To observe and analysis of the influence of the 12 meridians on edema, the constant value of the detection of the thermal sensitivity was further verified, which provided a basis for the diagnosis and identification of edema by the thermal sensitivity measurement method.

Methods: A total of 1426 patients who attended Doshisha University in Japan and Xi'an Chengxintang Clinic from March 2019 to March 2023 were selected for observation and analysis and divided into 3 groups according to their diseases; 112 patients with edema in Group 1, 488 symptomatic patients with non-edema in Group 2, and 826 asymptomatic subjects in Group 3. The Thermal Sensitivity Measurement was conducted in the twelve meridians and compared among the groups.

Wind acclimation in a subtropical forest: trees on wind-exposed slopes are shorter with smaller crowns.

Tree architecture is an important component of forest community dynamics - taller trees with larger crowns often outcompete their neighbors, but they are generally at higher risk of wind-induced damage. Yet, we know little about wind impacts on tree architecture in natural forest settings, especially in complex tropical forests. Here, we use airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and 30 yr of forest inventory data in Puerto Rico to ask whether and how chronic winds alter tree architecture.

Network analysis of core symptom changes in lung cancer survivors: a longitudinal study.

Purpose: To explore the dynamic changes and to identify core symptoms using network analysis in lung cancer survivors before, during, and after radiotherapy using a longitudinal approach.

Methods: This study recruited 234 lung cancer survivors from a prospective and longitudinal study in a tertiary cancer hospital of China from January 2023 to October 2024. M.

The association between bedtime smartphone use and anxiety symptoms: a network analysis of Chinese residents.

Background: Bedtime smartphone use has become a common practice among modern individuals. The mechanisms underlying the association between bedtime smartphone use and anxiety are not fully understood in the whole population and across genders. Additionally, it remains unclear whether reducing problematic internet use (PIU) can lessen the association between bedtime smartphone use and anxiety.

Comprehensive omics-based classification system in adult patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is a highly heterogeneous disease with a challenging prognosis, particularly in adult patients. We enrolled 88 adult B-ALL patients with transcriptomic and mutation profiles for classification system identification, and a comprehensive system for B-ALL patients (COMBAT) was developed. COMBAT stratified patients into three cohorts: (1) COMBAT1, characterized by high stem/myeloid antigen expression, low immune infiltration, high infiltration of endothelial cells, and hypo-CIMP (CpG island methylator phenotype); (2) COMBAT2, defined as an inflamed subtype with immune exhaustion, moderate myeloid antigen expression, and hypo-CIMP; and (3) COMBAT3, marked by proliferative profiles with MYC pathway activation and hypomethylation at enhancer regions in patients characterized by CIMP.

Application of biomarkers in the diagnosis of kidney disease.

Worldwide, kidney disease has grown to be an important global public health agenda that reduces longevity. Medical institutions around the globe should enhance screening efforts for kidney disease, to facilitate early kidney disease detection, diagnosis, and intervention. Common screening methods for nephropathy encompass renal tissue biopsy, urine dry chemistry tests, urine formed element analysis, and urine-specific protein assays, among others.

The impact of eyeliner usage on dry eye symptoms.

The objective of this study was to investigate whether eyeliner use is associated with an increase in dry eye symptoms. A survey was conducted to collect data on cosmetic usage and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores from a diverse public sample. Additionally, eyecare professionals were queried regarding their practice of inquiring about cosmetic use during patient consultations.

Diagnostic Value of Pericruciate Fat Pad Measurement by MRI in Patients With Knee Articular Cartilage Injury.

The diagnosis and treatment of knee joint injuries is an important medical topic. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology can aid in the clear visualization of the knee joint's internal structure. The correlation of pericruciate fat pad (PCFP) grading with cartilage injuries offers guidance in condition assessment and treatment.

A zero-trust based scheme for detecting illegal terminals in the Internet of Things of smart grid.

In recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) for electricity has faced a series of new challenges. Attackers use a compromised terminal as a springboard to enter the network, steal data, issue malicious commands, and cause great harm. In order to combat the threat of compromised terminals, this article proposes a zero-trust based detection scheme for illegal terminals, based on the principle of "never trust, always verify" security mechanism.

Comparative in Vitro Metabolic Profile Study of Five Cathinone Derivatives.

Background: Cathinone derivatives as new psychoactive substances have attracted worldwide attention in recent years. They have strong excitatory effects on the human central nervous system, which is extremely abusive and harmful. As they are easy to be structurally modified, and rapidly metabolized and excreted after taken, clarifying their metabolic profile is of significant importance to provide useful information for their identification or forensic purposes.

The relationship between dyspnea-related kinesiophobia and physical activity in people with COPD: a moderated mediation model.

This study aimed to assess the levels of physical activity (PA) in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), investigate the impact of dyspnea-related kinesiophobia on them, and further examine the moderated mediation effects of exercise perception and exercise self-regulatory efficacy on this relationship. This cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2023 to May 2024. Data were collected using the Breathlessness Beliefs Questionnaire, International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Long Form, Exercise Benefits/Barriers Scale, and Exercise Self-Regulatory Efficacy Scale.

Nonpharmacological mental health interventions for adolescent patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a scoping review.

Objectives: This study aimed to summarize nonpharmacological mental health interventions that are beneficial for adolescent patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to identify the limitations of existing studies.

Material And Methods: Following the recommendations of the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-SCR), we conducted a scoping review of nonpharmacological interventions aimed at improving mental health in adolescents with PCOS.

Results: Six randomized controlled trials (RCTs), two quasiexperimental studies, two case reports, one prospective study, one predictive correlation study, and one field trial study were included, resulting in 13 articles.