Unlocking the potential: Exploring the application of bioactive peptides in aquaculture.

Bioactive peptides (BAPs), typically comprising two to 20 amino acids, are widely acknowledged for their distinctive biological functions. They can be broadly classified as endogenous or exogenous peptides. Integrating BAPs into feed is now deemed an efficacious nutritional strategy to enhance the resilience of farmed aquatic species against stress-induced damage and pathogen infections.

EXPRESS: Dissociative effects of psychological distance on self-other risky decision-making in individuals with different social value orientations.

Self-other risky decision-making is of general concern by researchers. However, the findings on self-other risky decision-making were inconsistent, which suggested situational factors and subject's personality traits need to be considered. Based on three studies with 588 subjects, we explored the influence of psychological distance on self-other risky decision-making in individuals with different social value orientations (SVOs).

A Novel Transfer Learning-Based Hybrid EEG-fNIRS Brain-Computer Interface for Intracerebral Hemorrhage Rehabilitation.

Motor imagery (MI)-based neurorehabilitation shows promise for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) recovery, yet conventional unimodal brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) face critical limitations in cross-subject generalization. This study presents a multimodal electroencephalography (EEG)-functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) fusion framework incorporating a Wasserstein metric-driven source domain selection method that quantifies inter-subject neural distribution divergence. Through comparative neuroactivation analysis of 17 normal controls and 13 ICH patients during MI tasks, the transfer learning model achieved 74.

Kitchen waste composting leachate stimulates endogenous simultaneous nitrifying and denitrifying pathways in WWTPs.

Kitchen waste CL serves as an abundant source of organic compounds for WWTPs. This study examines the impact of CL on nitrifying and denitrifying processes through SBR. Results indicate that CL enhances nitrogen removal efficiency, achieving rates of approximately 95 %, and alters microbial communities associated with denitrification, particularly with a mixing ratio of up to 1.

T-Shaped Fe-Based Multistoichiometry Stereoscopic Composite Catalyst with Ultrahigh Activity toward Fenton-like Water Treatment, Synthesized via Graphene-Controlled Growth.

We report an unusual T-shaped Fe-based multistoichiometry stereoscopic composite catalyst with multifunctional active sites, fabricated via a one-step graphene-controlled all-solid-state synthesis. This tailored catalyst can improve all three catalysis processes of H_{2}O_{2} adsorption, peroxide bond activation, and HO^{•} desorption, resulting in a novel catalytic framework where the two-dimensional (2D) Fe_{2}O_{3} nanosheets optimize H_{2}O_{2} adsorption, and the 2D FeOCl nanosheets vertically grown on the Fe_{2}O_{3} surface can facilitate both the generation and desorption of HO^{•}.

Bidirectional regulation of neuronal autophagy in ischemic stroke: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential.

Ischemic stroke, characterized by cerebral blood flow disruption, triggers complex pathophysiological responses where neuronal autophagy plays a bidirectional regulation role in neuroprotection and injury. Autophagy, activated by energy deprivation, hypoxia, and endoplasmic reticulum stress, dynamically regulates neuronal survival through selective autophagy (e.g.

Common and Distinct Neural Mechanisms Underlying Risk Seeking and Risk Aversion: Evidence From the Neuroimaging Meta-Analysis.

Risky decision-making, a ubiquitous aspect of human behavior, primarily encompasses two behavioral tendencies: risk seeking and risk aversion. Despite extensive exploration of the neural mechanisms involved in risk decision-making, the specific neural activity patterns underlying risk seeking and risk aversion, along with their dynamic regulatory mechanisms, remain unclear. This study employed a comprehensive meta-analysis approach that includes 43 risk seeking and 22 risk aversion whole-brain experiments to explore the neural basis and functional networks of risk seeking and risk aversion.

Transition metal single-atoms anchored on MoC MXenes for enhanced hydrogen oxidation reaction: a density functional theory study.

Alkaline anion-exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) have garnered significant attention as promising energy conversion devices, yet their development remains hindered by the scarcity of efficient platinum-free electrocatalysts for the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR). Here, we systematically investigated the HOR catalytic performance of transition metal single-atoms supported by MoC (TM-MoC, TM = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ir, Pt) using first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Theoretical calculations indicate that the integration of TM atoms with MoC substrates modulates the electronic structure, and establishes dual active sites comprising TM and adjacent Mo atoms.

Efficient visible-light-driven photocatalytic hydrogen evolution and CO reduction over silver-modified tubular carbon nitride with enriched nitrogen vacancies.

Enhancing the photogenerated charge pairs separation efficiency is one of the most effective strategies to improve the performance of graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution and CO reduction. In this study, tubular g-CN (TCN) with a high specific surface area was synthesized via thermal polycondensation-self-assembly, followed by the uniform deposition of Ag nanoparticles on the TCN surface to construct heterojunctions. During the reduction of Ag, a higher level of nitrogen vacancies was introduced on TCN, which not only enhanced the delocalization of electrons but also provided additional active sites for photocatalytic reactions.

Workpiece surface defect detection based on YOLOv11 and edge computing.

The rapid development of modern industry has significantly raised the demand for workpieces. To ensure the quality of workpieces, workpiece surface defect detection has become an indispensable part of industrial production. Most workpiece surface defect detection technologies rely on cloud computing.

In situ construction of ossification micro-units for critical bone regeneration via sustained lifting of epigenetic suppression.

Critical-sized bone defects present significant clinical challenges due to insufficient stem cell recruitment, epigenetic suppression of osteogenesis, and inadequate mineralization. Among the epigenetic suppression mechanisms, upregulated MEG3 specifically recruits the epigenetic regulator EZH2 to block the transcription of β-catenin, a core gene for bone regeneration. To regulate MEG3 in vivo effectively, we used microfluidics to develop in situ continuous MEG3-silencing ossification micro-units (MSOMs) that integrate "material-gene-biofactor" tri-coupling into a unified biomaterial system.

Proteomics and Phosphoproteomics Characteristics of the Rhesus Macaque Lung Infected With Original SARS-CoV-2, Delta, and Omicron Variants.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strains mutate rapidly, making it crucial to study their molecular mechanisms for swift vaccine and drug development. Here, we utilized host lung proteomic and phosphoproteomic profiling to investigate the underlying pathology caused by the variants. Lung tissues infected with wild-type GD108, Delta, or Omicron BA.

Hydrothermally Synthesized ZnMnO@GO Cathode Enhances Zinc-Ion Kinetics and Cycling Stability for Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries.

Spinel-type ZnMnO has been identified as a cathode that demonstrates considerable potential material for zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs). In this study, the synthesis of ZnMnO@GO composite material was conducted using a hydrothermal method. The electrochemical performance of the composite material was found to be significantly enhanced, a phenomenon that was primarily ascribed to the substantial specific surface area and exceptional conductivity of graphene, which improved the diffusion kinetics of zinc ions at the electrode-electrolyte interface.

Ellagic acid alleviates iron overload-induced liver damage by mitigating ferroptosis through modulation of the TGFβ/Smad signaling pathway.

Ellagic acid (EA), a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound abundant in fruits and nuts, has demonstrated promising therapeutic potential in liver disease management. Iron overload, a pathological condition associated with severe hepatic damage, was the focus of this investigation. This study aimed to elucidate the hepatoprotective effects of EA against iron overload-induced liver injury and uncover the underlying molecular mechanisms.

DNA Logic-Integrated Quantum Nanosensor for MicroRNA Diagnostics.

Nanodiamonds (NDs) with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers are emerging as powerful quantum nanosensors (QNs) in biomedical applications due to their exceptional sensitivity. However, achieving optimal diagnostics performance necessitates both high sensitivity and selectivity; especially in practical biomedical settings, it remains challenging for QNs to provide quantitative analyses when multiple analytes are present. Here, we present a biosensing platform that integrates DNA logic gates (DLGs) with spin-based quantum sensing, termed DLG-QN for ultrasensitive and ultraselective diagnostics.

Management of Platinum Electronic States through Metal Host-Guest Interactions for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction.

Controlling the electronic states of Pt-based catalysts holds great promise for enhancing the intrinsic activity of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Herein, inspired by first-principles simulations, we propose a strategy using metal host-guest interactions to tune Pt 5d electronic characteristics to optimize the adsorption strength of the key *OH intermediate. The hybrid electrocatalyst of Pt nanoparticles on a single-atom Co-N-C support (Pt@Co SAs) exhibits a half-wave potential of 0.

Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking to Explore the Mechanism of Compound Qilian Tablets in Treating Diabetic Retinopathy.

Background: Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is one of the common chronic complications of diabetes mellitus, which has developed into the leading cause of irreversible visual impairment in adults worldwide. The Compound Qilian Tablets (CQLT) were developed in China for the treatment and prevention of DR, but their mechanism of action still needs to be clarified.

Objectives: In the present study, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vivo validation experiments were used to investigate the active components and molecular mechanisms of CQLT against DR.

LncRNA SNHG14 Regulates the Expression of BDNF by Recruiting Histone Methyltransferase EZH2 to Mediate H3K27me3, Thereby Affecting Angiogenesis and Functional Recovery After Cerebral Ischemia.

We aimed to probe the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 14 (SNHG14) on angiogenesis and functional recovery after cerebral ischemia (CI) by recruiting histone methyltransferase enhancer zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) to mediate trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27me3) and thus modulate brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression. The Zea Longa method was employed to establish a rat model of right middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Longa method was applied to assess the neurological deficits in rats; ELISA was adopted to test the levels of inflammatory factors (interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-8) in the cortical tissue of the ischemic penumbra; HE staining and TUNEL staining were implemented to observe the pathological changes and apoptosis in the ischemic penumbra cortex; and immunohistochemistry staining was implemented to observe the CD34 positive expression level and microvascular density (MVD) in the ischemic penumbra cortex.

Correlation of the sperm DNA fragmentation index with semen parameters and its impact on fresh embryo transfer outcomes-a retrospective study.

Purpose: To evaluate the relationships between the sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) and semen parameters and its application in fresh embryos fertilization and transfer.

Methods: A retrospective propensity score matching (PSM) study was conducted on 162 cycles of fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and fresh embryo transfer (fresh IVF/ICSI-ET) from 2020-2024.

Results: Spearman correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between the sperm DFI and sperm motility (r = -0.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related T-cell-mediated rejection increases the risk of perioperative graft loss after liver transplantation.

Background: Pre-transplant exposure to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) significantly increases the risk of allograft rejection after liver transplantation (LT); however, whether ICI-related rejection leads to increased graft loss remains controversial. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between ICI-related allograft rejection and perioperative graft loss.

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of adult liver transplant recipients with early biopsy-proven T-cell-mediated rejection (TCMR) at Liver Transplantation Center of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital from June 2019 to September 2024.

Organic Ligand-Enhanced Covalent Fe Coordination in NiFe LDH for Efficient Biomass Upgrading.

Electrocatalytic conversion of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) presents a promising route for the bio-renewable polymer industry. However, the development of efficient catalysts remains a key challenge. Herein, a NiFe layered double hydroxide (LDH) catalyst modified with an organic carboxylate ligand, trimellitic acid (TA) (denoted as NiFe LDH-TA) is designed.

Schisandrin B ameliorates Alzheimer's disease by suppressing neuronal ferroptosis and ensuing microglia M1 polarization.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by neuronal damage, with poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Inhibition of neuronal ferroptosis has shown promise as a potential treatment for AD. Schisandrin B (Sch B), a major active component of Schisandra chinensis, exhibits potential neuroprotective effects.

Engineering Circular Dichroism in the Nonlinear Optical Region with a Refractory Plasmonic Molybdenum Metasurface.

Chiral plasmonic metasurfaces exhibit circular dichroism (CD) and serve as a key tool for chiroptics. However, in the linear optical regime, the CD value remains fixed. Moreover, conventional chiral plasmonic metasurfaces suffer from poor photothermal stability, making it difficult to excite their nonlinear optical properties.

Progress of antibody-drug conjugates in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma: opportunities and challenges.

Purpose Of Review: The objective of this review is to provide an overview of the clinical progress, administration methods, efficacy, safety, and treatment-related adverse events associated with antibody-drug conjugates.

Recent Findings: Locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma is an aggressive and lethal malignancy. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy has been the first-line therapy for most patients over the past two decades.