Synergistic Micro-Nano Architecture In Silica Fiber Scaffolds Accelerates Wound Healing.

Wound healing is an intricate physiological process, with acute and chronic wounds imposing significant burdens on the healthcare systems worldwide. This study reports the development fully biodegradable silica gel fiber (SGF) scaffolds for enhanced skin tissue regeneration. Three types of wound dressings, differing in their structure, are fabricated: pressure-spun silica gel µ-fibers (pSGF) allowing cell penetration, electrospun sub-µ silica gel fibers (eSGF) mimicking an extracellular matrix (ECM)-like sub-µ-structure with narrow mesh sizes allowing no cell ingrowth, and a hybrid scaffold combining both fiber types (peSGF) that combines the advantages of both structures.

Micro-Recycled Carbon Black from Waste Printer Cartridge: A Promising Magnetic Material for Single Stranded DNA Adsorption in SELEX.

The increasing generation of e-waste necessitates innovative strategies for recycling and repurposing, especially for materials with high functional potential. In this study, carbon black (CB) extracted from waste printer toner cartridges is micro-recycled and oxidized into hydrophilic oxidized carbon black (OCB), transforming it into a magnetically active material for single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) adsorption in systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX). The developed OCB-SELEX approach successfully overcomes a key limitation in SELEX by enabling magnetic separation of target-bound ssDNA, eliminating nonspecific sequences efficiently.

Chemically reduced graphene oxide based assembly of Aptasensor for sensitive and probe-free detection of penicillin-G.

The widespread use of antibiotics in livestock and poultry leads to antibiotic residues in food, posing public health risks. To ensure food safety, monitoring antibiotic levels in dairy and poultry is essential, especially for Penicillin-G (Pen-G), a frequently used β-lactam antibiotic. This study presents an electrochemical aptasensor for detecting Pen-G in food samples, using chemically reduced graphene oxide (crGO) conjugated with Pen-G-specific aptamer on electrode.

MXene-rGO nanocomposite based electrochemical immunosensor for detection of endosulfan - An organochlorine pesticide.

Endosulfan (Ed), a widely used organochlorine pesticide, is classified as a persistent organic pollutant (POP). Its long half-life, resistance to degradation, and bioaccumulation in the food chain contaminates soil, water, and air. Such widespread environmental damage triggers monitoring its levels for ensuring compliance with safety regulations and protecting public health.

Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells enriched PCL-gelatin nanofiber scaffold for improved wound healing.

Electrospun nanofibers exhibit a significant potential in the synthesis of nanostructured materials, thereby offering a promising avenue for enhancing the efficacy of wound care. The present study aimed to investigate the wound-healing potential of two biomacromolecules, PCL-Gelatin nanofiber adhered with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Characterisation of the nanofiber revealed a mean fiber diameter ranging from 200 to 300 nm, with distinctive elemental peaks corresponding to polycaprolactone (PCL) and gelatin.

Disposable graphene-oxide screen-printed electrode integrated with portable device for detection of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) diagnosis is the need of the hour, as cases are persistently increasing, and new variants are constantly emerging. The ever-changing nature of the virus leading to multiple variants, has brought an imminent need for early, accurate and rapid detection methods. Herein, we have reported the design and fabrication of Screen-Printed Electrodes (SPEs) with graphene oxide (GO) as working electrode and modified with specific antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain (RBD).

Sensing of trans-cleavage activity of CRISPR/Cas12a for detection of Salmonella.

Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhi) a predominant foodborne pathogen, significantly impacting global public health. Therefore, timely diagnosis is imperative to safeguard overall human health.

Design and fabrication of a competitive lateral flow assay using gold nanoparticle as capture probe for the rapid and on-site detection of penicillin antibiotic in food samples.

Lateral flow assays (LFAs) are among the utmost cost-efficient, paper-based point-of-care (POC) diagnostic devices. Herein, we have reported the fabrication of a competitive LFA for on-site detection of penicillin. Various parameters such as Ab concentration for conjugation, Pen-BSA conjugate concentration, pore size of membrane, and blocking buffer were standardised for the fabrication of LFA.

Block copolymer-derived recessed nanodisk-array electrodes for electrochemical detection of β-lactam antibiotics.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the major socio-economic factors contributing to public health. β-lactams are most commonly prescribed drugs for variety of bacterial infections. Frequent use of antibiotics leads to AMR in humans and animals.

Two-dimensional layered MoSe/graphene oxide (GO) nanohybrid coupled with the specific immune-recognition element for rapid detection of endosulfan.

Endosulfan (En) is an organochlorine biocide (OCB), that ends up in the environment due to the enzymatic and microsomal activity even though it is not accumulated in living tissue. Endosulfan acts as an organic micro-pollutant which disrupts land as well as aquatic ecosystem. In the present study, we chemically modified endosulfan and conjugated it with a carrier protein to produce an immune response.

Virus-associated neuroendocrine cancers: Pathogenesis and current therapeutics.

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) comprise malignancies involving neuroendocrine cells that often lead to fatal pathological conditions. Despite escalating global incidences, NENs still have poor prognoses. Interestingly, research indicates an intricate association of tumor viruses with NENs.

Point-of-care detection of Japanese encephalitis virus biomarker in clinical samples using a portable smartphone-enabled electrochemical "Sensit" device.

Japanese encephalitis (JE), a neglected tropical zoonotic disease prevalent in south-east Asian and western pacific countries, caused by the flavivirus JE virus (JEV), has a dearth of electrochemical point-of-care (PoC) diagnostic tools available to manage endemic breakouts. To overcome this, we have developed a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) immunosensor for rapid PoC detection of JEV nonstructural 1 (NS1) antigen (Ag), found circulating in serum of infected individuals using a smartphone based portable "Sensit" device. The modification of SPCE surface with JEV NS1 antibody (Ab) was confirmed via observation of globular protein structures via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), increase in electrode surface hydrophilicity via contact angle measurement and decrease in current via differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).

Immunochromatographic assay for the point-of-care diagnosis of food borne Salmonella strains using smartphone application.

Salmonella strain is a prevalent pathogen, affecting poultry industry and hence human population around the world. Host-specific pathogen infections including fowl typhoid, pullorum disease and typhoid fever affects poultry birds, causing huge economic loss worldwide. This study explored the fabrication of immunochromatographic (ICG) strip by colorimetric method integrated with smartphone ColorGrab application for the detection of Salmonella using in-house generated antibodies (Abs) conjugated with gold nanoparticles.

Smartphone-assisted detection of monocrotophos pesticide using a portable nano-enabled chromagrid-lightbox system towards point-of-care application.

With the aim of monocrotophos pesticides detection in environmental and food samples at point-of-care (PoC) application, this research, for the first time, explores silica alcogel as an immobilization matrix to support the development of in-house customized nano-enabled "chromagrid-lighbox" as a sensing system. This system is fabricated using laboratory waste materials and demonstrates the detection of highly hazardous monocrotophos pesticide using a smartphone. Nano-enabled chromagrid is a chip-like assembly filled with silica alcogel -a nanomaterial (hence the name "nano-enabled" chromagrid), and "chromogenic reagents" which is required for the enzymatic detection of monocrotophos.

A Systematic Review on the Advanced Techniques of Wearable Point-of-Care Devices and Their Futuristic Applications.

Personalized point-of-care testing (POCT) devices, such as wearable sensors, enable quick access to health monitoring without the use of complex instruments. Wearable sensors are gaining popularity owing to their ability to offer regular and continuous monitoring of physiological data by dynamic, non-invasive assessments of biomarkers in biofluids such as tear, sweat, interstitial fluid and saliva. Current advancements have concentrated on the development of optical and electrochemical wearable sensors as well as advances in non-invasive measurements of biomarkers such as metabolites, hormones and microbes.

Emerging Trends and Recent Progress of MXene as a Promising 2D Material for Point of Care (POC) Diagnostics.

Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials with chemical and structural diversity have piqued the interest of the scientific community due to their superior photonic, mechanical, electrical, magnetic, and catalytic capabilities that distinguish them from their bulk counterparts. Among these 2D materials, two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides, carbonitrides, and nitrides with a general chemical formula of MXT (where = 1-3), together known as MXenes, have gained tremendous popularity and demonstrated competitive performance in biosensing applications. In this review, we focus on the cutting-edge advances in MXene-related biomaterials, with a systematic summary on their design, synthesis, surface engineering approaches, unique properties, and biological properties.

Nano-assembly of multiwalled carbon nanotubes for sensitive voltammetric responses for the determination of residual levels of endosulfan.

Endosulfan (ES) is an extensively utilized agricultural pesticide in developing countries, despite its life-threatening toxic effects. In this study, we propose a sensitive detection method against endosulfan using multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). Herein, we have conjugated endosulfan with bovine serum albumin (BSA) via zero-length conjugation method and successfully confirmed with various biophysical techniques.

Recent advancement of nanotherapeutics in accelerating chronic wound healing process for surgical wounds and diabetic ulcers.

One of the greatest challenges faced during surgical procedures is closing and healing of wounds, which are essential in the field of orthopaedics, trauma, intensive care and general surgery. One of the main causes of death has been linked to chronic wounds, especially in immunosuppressant or diabetic patients. Due to increasing chronic wound fatality along with different pathologies associated with them, the current therapeutic methods are insufficient which has established an eminent need for innovative techniques.

Gold nanoparticle conjugate-based lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) for rapid detection of RBD antigen of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples using a smartphone-based application.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has emphasized the need for development of a rapid diagnostic device for the effective treatment and its mitigation. Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) belongs to a class of diagnostic devices, which has the benefit of providing quick results, easy to handle, low cost, and on-site applicable. So far, several LFIA has been developed for the detection of infectious severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), however, only a few of them are antigen (Ag)-based.

Emerging 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D nanostructures for efficient point-of-care biosensing.

The recent COVID-19 infection outbreak has raised the demand for rapid, highly sensitive POC biosensing technology for intelligent health and wellness. In this direction, efforts are being made to explore high-performance nano-systems for developing novel sensing technologies capable of functioning at point-of-care (POC) applications for quick diagnosis, data acquisition, and disease management. A combination of nanostructures [i.

Immuno-chromatic probe based lateral flow assay for point-of-care detection of Japanese encephalitis virus NS1 protein biomarker in clinical samples using a smartphone-based approach.

Lateral flow assays (LFAs) are one of the most economical, point-of-care (PoC) diagnostic assays that exploit the colorimetric properties of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Up to the best of our knowledge, no rapid antigen-based LFA exists for Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV) detection. Herein, we have reported a novel portable sandwich-type LFA for on-site detection of the non-structural 1 (NS1) secretory protein of JEV.

Ultrasensitive immunosensing of Penicillin G in food samples using reduced graphene oxide (rGO) decorated electrode surface.

The impact of uncontrolled antibiotic use in animals has subsequently led to emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria among humans due to consumption of animal by-products. Hence, to investigate antibiotic contamination in animal origin food products, we have developed a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) based immunosensor using fabricated electrode conjugated with anti-Penicillin antibody (rGO/Pen-Ab) for sensitive detection of Penicillin G. To execute this, Penicillin was first conjugated with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) which was confirmed via chromatographic, spectroscopic and electrophoretic-based techniques against both the in-house developed Penicillin conjugate (Pen-BSA) as well as the commercial Penicillin conjugate (Com-Pen-BSA).

Fabrication of an ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor coupled with biofunctionalized zero-dimensional graphene quantum dots for rapid detection of cephalexin.

The unregulated usage of Cephalexin (CFX) in animal source food products has led to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in humans. Graphene quantum dots (GQD) are zero-dimensional nanomaterials possessing both unique optical and electrical propertiesbased on their tuneable size that serves as an excellent signal enhancer. The fluorescence quenching and conductive properties of GQD were exploited for the detection of CFX.

Graphene-Based Field-Effect Transistor for Ultrasensitive Immunosensing of SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 Antigen.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease that has posed a global health challenge caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Early management and diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 are crucial for the timely treatment, traceability, and reduction of viral spread. We have developed a rapid method using a Graphene-based Field-Effect Transistor (Gr-FET) for the ultrasensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 antigen (S1-Ag).