OsPIL1 Differentially Modulates Rice Blast Resistance Through Integrating Light or Darkness During Magnaporthe oryzae Infection.

Light and darkness are critical environmental factors that regulate plant immune responses. OsPIL1, a phytochrome-interacting factor-like protein, has been implicated in rice immunity against Magnaporthe oryzae, although its underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to dissect how OsPIL1 integrates light or darkness to modulate rice immunity.

PF-AGCN: An Adaptive Graph Convolutional Network for Protein-Protein Interaction-Based Function Prediction.

Motivation: Proteins carry out most biological processes via interactions with other proteins, known as protein-protein interactions (PPIs). Accurately predicting PPIs is crucial for understanding protein function, yet existing methods often fall short in capturing their complex and hierarchical nature.

Results: We propose PF-AGCN, an adaptive graph convolutional network that leverages two distinct graph structures: a function graph representing hierarchical Gene Ontology term relationships and a protein graph modeling direct interactions between proteins.

Association of tuberculosis infection with the development of active tuberculosis and comorbidities in rural China: a 10-year follow-up results of a population-based, multicentre, prospective study.

Background: In China, there is limited research on the role of recent and long-term infection of in relation to the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), as well as the impact of tuberculosis infection (TBI) on other diseases. A population-based, multicenter prospective study (LATENTTB-NSTM) was implemented since 2013 to assess the prevalence of TBI and to track the development of active disease in rural China. This cohort study provides an opportunity to address these gaps in knowledge.

Metanephrines-corrected adrenal vein sampling in primary aldosteronism concurrent with autonomous cortisol secretion.

Purpose: Whether metanephrines (MNs)-corrected indices in adrenal venous sampling (AVS) would be useful in subtyping primary aldosteronism (PA) concurrent with autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS) remains unclear.

Methods: This retrospective study included PA patients concurrent with (PA/ACS) or without (isolated PA) ACS who underwent AVS. Firstly, optimal cut-offs for the metanephrine-based selectivity index (SI) and normetanephrine-based SI (SI) were determined using cortisol-corrected SI (SI≥2) as the reference in the isolated PA group.

Lactobacillus gallinarum improves broiler performance by enhancing antioxidant capacity and regulating intestinal microbiota.

The predominant objective in large-scale poultry farming has consistently been to enhance broiler. In this context, the supplementing of probiotics, specifically Lactobacilli, has emerged as a promising strategy to improve production efficiency. Numerous studies have demonstrated that Lactobacilli could modulate intestinal microbiota.

Extending the frequency tuning range of a self-injection locked DFB laser diode by artificially enhancing Rayleigh scattering based optical feedback.

Laser diodes self-injection locked to a high -factor microresonator through Rayleigh scattering based feedback usually demonstrate narrow linewidth, low frequency noise but limited frequency tuning range. Here, we present a method for extending the frequency tuning range of a DFB laser diode self-injection locked to a microresonator by artificially enhancing Rayleigh scattering based optical feedback. Taking a packaged silica spherical microresonator as an example, we dope zinc oxide nanoparticles to artificially enhance Rayleigh scattering.

Perirenal Adipose Tissue and Hypertension: Observational and Genetic Analyses.

Background: Perirenal adipose tissue (PRAT) consists of white and brown adipocytes with good vascularization and dense innervation, which could influence the blood pressure. We aim to investigate the association of PRAT thickness with risks of overall and specific forms of hypertension.

Methods: We measured PRAT thickness in the UK Biobank and CONPASS (Chongqing Primary Aldosteronism Study).

Indole selectively suppresses aldosterone overproduction via binding to the catalytic site of CYP11B2.

Hyperaldosteronism, characterized by aldosterone overproduction, increases the risk of renal damage and cardiovascular events. Aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2), the rate-limiting enzyme in aldosterone biosynthesis, has emerged as a promising therapeutic target, but developing selective CYP11B2 inhibitors remains challenging due to its high structural similarity to 11β-hydroxylase (CYP11B1). Indole, a natural heterocyclic compound derived from plants and bacteria, has therapeutic and regulatory effects in inflammation and endocrinology.

An integrated hydrothermal and ball-milling approach for the co-production of glucose, xylose and residual lignin from Moso bamboo.

Clean and efficient pretreatment is critical for the sustainable development of bamboo industry. In this study, a combination of hydrothermal pretreatment (including AlCl and glycerol) and ball-milling were proposed to efficiently facilitating co-production of xylose, glucose and residual lignin from moso bamboo. The results showed that the ball-milling process before hydrothermal pretreatment destroyed the compact structure of bamboo, and 44.

Comparison of different criteria of captopril challenge test for the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism.

Objectives: The Captopril Challenge Test (CCT) is favored in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism (PA) for its simplicity and high patient compliance, yet optimal diagnostic criteria for CCT remain controversial. This study compared the accuracy of different CCT criteria for the diagnosis of PA.

Methods: This study included retrospective and prospective cohorts.

Browning of Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma Adjacent Adipose Tissue Involved in Aldosterone Synthesis Regulation.

Aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) is a benign adrenal tumor that results in persistent autonomous aldosterone secretion. Current studies indicate a close association between adjacent adipose tissue and tumor progression. Here, we preliminarily explore the association between APA and adjacent adipocytes.

Surgical decision in patients with primary aldosteronism based on adrenal veins aldosterone not corrected by cortisol.

Background: Cortisol-corrected aldosterone concentration is used to interpret adrenal venous sampling (AVS) results to identify the subtype of primary aldosteronism. Whether AVS could be interpreted using aldosterone without cortisol correction is unclear.

Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy of plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) and aldosterone ratio (PAC of the higher side divided by PAC of the lower side) of the adrenal veins for the diagnosis of unilateral PA (UPA).

A novel nonsense mutation of the glucocorticoid receptor gene causing glucocorticoid resistance with infertility.

Purpose: Chrousos syndrome is a rare disease mainly caused by inactivated mutations in the NR3C1 gene, which encodes the human glucocorticoid receptor (GR). We reported a male patient of Chrousos syndrome, who had a novel nonsense mutation (c.1839T > A, p.

Residential environment and risk of chronic diseases: A prospective study.

The impact of green-blue spaces on human health remains inconclusive, and the current understanding of disease spectrum associated with these spaces is still incomplete. We aimed to comprehensively investigate the relationship between residential environment and chronic diseases, while also examining the potential mediating role of air pollutants in these relationships. Using data from the UK Biobank, we created a residential environment score (RES) based on four types of green-blue spaces: natural environment, green space, domestic garden, and water area, with scores assigned according to the percentage of each space within a 300 m buffer.

Bacillus paralicheniformis-mediated gut microbiota promotes M2 macrophage polarization by inhibiting P38 MAPK signaling to alleviate necrotizing enterocolitis and apoptosis in mice.

Clostridial necrotizing enterocolitis is a severe gastrointestinal disease induced by Clostridium, strongly associated with intestinal dysbiosis. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has proven effective in treating gastrointestinal diseases by remodeling intestinal microbial homeostasis. However, it remains unclear whether FMT from donors with beneficial microbiota can improve the recipient's intestinal function more efficiently.

016 Alleviates Mice Colitis by Modulating Oxidative Stress, Gut Microbiota, and Microbial Metabolism.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic and progressive inflammatory gastrointestinal disease closely associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic homeostasis disruption. Although targeted microbial therapies are an emerging intervention strategy for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the mechanisms by which specific probiotics, such as 016 (LF), alleviate UC remain unclear. The current study evaluated the effects of LF supplementation on gut health in a basal model using C57BL/6 mice.

Correlation between pollen morphology, karyotype, floral pigments, and scent components and morphological classification of 15 species and hybrids of Syringa L.

In this paper, the pollen morphology characteristics, chromosome karyotype characteristics, floral pigments, and scents components of 15 species and hybrids of Syringa L. were obtained by means of scanning electron microscopy, root tips quash method, HPLC-MS, and GC-MS, and the 15 species and hybrids of Syringa L. were clustered separately with each index.

Outcomes after medical treatment for primary aldosteronism: an international consensus and analysis of treatment response in an international cohort.

Background: Primary aldosteronism can be treated medically but there is no standardised method to evaluate treatment outcomes. We aimed to develop criteria for assessing the outcomes of targeted medical treatment of primary aldosteronism, analyse outcomes across an international cohort, and identify factors associated with a complete treatment response.

Methods: An international panel of 31 primary aldosteronism experts used the Delphi method to reach consensus on the definition of complete, partial, or absent biochemical and clinical outcomes of medical treatment of primary aldosteronism.

Cabozantinib selectively induces proteasomal degradation of p53 somatic mutant Y220C and impedes tumor growth.

Inactivation of p53 by mutations commonly occurs in human cancer. The mutated p53 proteins may escape proteolytic degradation and exhibit high expression in tumors and acquire gain-of-function activity that promotes tumor progression and chemo-resistance. Therefore, selectively targeting of the gain-of-function p53 mutants may serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer prevention and treatment.

Balanced diets are associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes than plant-based diets.

Background & Aims: Plant-based diets benefit human health, while the deficient in some nutrients limits its application. We aimed to examine whether balanced diets could be better in reducing diabetes risk than plant-based diets.

Methods: In cross-sectional analysis of Environment-Inflammation-Metabolic-Diseases Study (EIMDS), we used a questionnaire to investigate the habit of balanced and plant-based diets.

The Value of LC-MS/MS in Apparent Bilateral Aldosterone Suppression in Adrenal Venous Sampling for Primary Aldosteronism.

Context: Adrenal venous sampling (AVS) is recommended for subtyping primary aldosteronism (PA); however, it is unreliable when apparent bilateral aldosterone suppression (ABAS) occurs, defined as aldosterone/cortisol ratio in the adrenal vein being bilaterally lower than that in the inferior vena cava. The value of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in PA subtyping when ABAS occurs is unclear.

Objective: This work aimed to determine whether LC-MS/MS can reduce the occurrence of ABAS and misdiagnosis of PA subtyping.

Renin-independent aldosteronism and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and cirrhosis: A genetic association study.

Background & Aims: Renin-independent aldosteronism (RIA) refers to a spectrum of autonomous aldosterone hypersecretion. We aimed to explore the genetical relationship between RIA and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and cirrhosis.

Methods: We included 125357 participants from the cohort of United Kingdom Biobank.

Vortex bifocusing of extreme ultraviolet using modified Fermat-spiral photon-sieve splitter.

Structured beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) provide powerful capabilities for applications in optical tweezers, super-resolution imaging, quantum optics, and ad-vanced microparticle manipulation. However, it is challenging for generate and control the OAM beams at the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) region due to the lack of suitable wave front shaping optics arise from being limited to the strong absorption of most materials. Here, we use a modified Fermat-spiral photon-sieve splitter to simultaneously generate two focused doughnut beams with opposite helical phase.