Comparison of Different Diagnostic Criteria of 68Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT for the Classification of Primary Aldosteronism.

Context: 68Ga-Pentixafor positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is an emerging method for the classification diagnosis primary aldosteronism (PA). However, the diagnosis criteria are still controversial.

Objective: To compare the accuracy of different criteria of 68Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT in the classification diagnosis of PA.

A New Quantitative Neuropad for Early Diagnosis of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy.

Aims: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) often coexists with sudomotor dysfunction, resulting in an increased risk of diabetic foot. This study aimed to explore an efficient method for early diagnosis of DPN by establishing a quantitative Neuropad.

Methods: We recruited 518 patients with type 2 diabetes.

The Ca∗Cl/P Ratio: A Novel and More Appropriate Screening Tool for Normocalcaemic or Overt Primary Hyperparathyroidism.

Objective: The main purpose of this study was to explore the diagnostic performance of the Ca∗Cl/P ratio for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), especially normocalcaemic PHPT (NPHPT), to assist health care providers in making reliable and rapid clinical identifications.

Methods: From January 1, 2013, to March 31, 2023, 230 PHPT patients, including 65 with NPHPT and 230 sex- and age-matched controls, were enrolled in this retrospective study. Differences between hypercalcaemic PHPT (HPHPT) and NPHPT and between them and their respective controls were analyzed.

Screening for primary aldosteronism on and off interfering medications.

Objective: To determine whether antihypertensives will affect diagnostic accuracy of the aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR) to an extent that is clinically relevant.

Methods: Confirmatory tests were used to confirm or exclude PA diagnosis. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), specificity and sensitivity of ARR performance in different conditions were calculated.

Fuzi polysaccharides improve immunity in immunosuppressed mouse models by regulating gut microbiota composition.

Rationale And Objectives: Fuzi, the dried root of Debx, is one of the widely used traditional Chinese medicines. Fuzi polysaccharides are considered the most bioactive compounds with immunomodulatory functions, however, the mechanisms have not been evaluated. This study aims to systematically investigate the effects of Fuzi polysaccharides on the gut microbiota and immune function using a mouse model immunosuppressed with cyclophosphamide.

Accuracy of Gallium-68 Pentixafor Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography for Subtyping Diagnosis of Primary Aldosteronism.

Importance: Adrenal vein sampling (AVS) is the recommended procedure for subtyping primary aldosteronism (PA) as unilateral PA (UPA) or bilateral PA (BPA), with different treatment needed for each: adrenalectomy for UPA and medication for BPA. However, AVS is invasive and technically difficult, and how to subtype PA noninvasively is currently a great challenge.

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of gallium-68 pentixafor positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) in subtyping PA using AVS as a reference standard.

Prevalence and Characteristics of Adrenal Tumors in an Unselected Screening Population : A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: With the widespread use of advanced imaging technology, adrenal tumors are increasingly being identified.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of adrenal tumors in an unselected screening population in China.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Development and validation of model for sparing adrenal venous sampling in diagnosing unilateral primary aldosteronism.

Context: Current guidelines recommend adrenal venous sampling (AVS) to identify unilateral primary aldosteronism (UPA) before offering adrenalectomy. However, AVS is costly and technically challenging, limiting its use to expert centres.

Objective: To establish a model to predict UPA, and therefore, bypass the need for AVS prior to surgery.

Identification of potential biomarkers for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high mortality rate owing to its complexity. Identification of abnormally expressed genes in HCC tissues compared to those in normal liver tissues is a viable strategy for investigating the mechanisms of HCC tumorigenesis and progression as a means of developing novel treatments. A significant advantage of the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) is that the data therein were collected from different independent researchers and may be integrated, allowing for a more robust data analysis.

High glucose promotes apoptosis and autophagy of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts.

Introduction: Diabetes and osteoporosis are common metabolic diseases. Abnormal high glucose can lead to the apoptosis of osteoblasts. Autophagy is a highly conserved cellular process that degrades proteins or organelles.

Polysaccharide from wild morels alters the spatial structure of gut microbiota and the production of short-chain fatty acids in mice.

Polysaccharides from morels possess many characteristics beneficial to health, such as anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activities. The gut microbiota plays a critical role in the modulation of immune function. However, the impact of morel polysaccharides on the gut microbiota has not yet been explored.

Abnormal Dexamethasone Suppression Tests in a Rifapentine-Treated Patient With Primary Aldosteronism.

Aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) is a main cause of primary aldosteronism (PA). Given that a large benign-appearing unilateral masse (>1 cm in diameter) may represent an aldosterone and cortisol-co-secreting adenoma, dexamethasone suppression testing is required in such patients to exclude or confirm the diagnosis of hypercortisolism. Tuberculosis is highly prevalent in China, and rifamycins are often used in these patients.

MAPRE1 promotes cell cycle progression of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by interacting with CDK2.

Targeting cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) is a promising method of therapy for cancer. Unfortunately, the efficacy of CDK inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is limited, due in part to incomplete understanding of cell cycle progression and a lack of specific biomarkers to adequately identify which patients may be responsive to CDK inhibitors. In the present study, we report that microtubule-associated protein RP/EB family member 1 (MAPRE1), a gene involved in cell cycle and microtubule regulation, is significantly increased in HCC tissue, promotes HCC cell proliferation, enhances in vitro tumorigenesis, and associates with poor prognosis of HCC.

Development and Validation of Criteria for Sparing Confirmatory Tests in Diagnosing Primary Aldosteronism.

Context: The Endocrine Society Guidelines for the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism (PA) suggest that confirmatory tests (CFT) are not required when the following criteria are met: plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) is >20 ng/dL, plasma renin is below detection levels, and hypokalemia is present. The evidence for the applicability of the guideline criteria is limited.

Objective: To develop and validate optimized criteria for sparing CFT in the diagnosis of PA.

Effects of polysaccharides from wild morels on immune response and gut microbiota composition in non-treated and cyclophosphamide-treated mice.

Polysaccharides isolated from mushrooms have been identified as potential prebiotics that could impact gut microbiota. In this study, a water-soluble polysaccharide (MP) extracted from wild morels was evaluated for its effects on the gut microbiota of non-treated and cyclophosphamide (CP)-treated mice. The results showed that MP restored the spleen weight and increased the counts of white blood cells and lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and spleen of the CP-treated mice.

Multifloroside Suppressing Proliferation and Colony Formation, Inducing S Cell Cycle Arrest, ROS Production, and Increasing MMP in Human Epidermoid Carcinoma Cell Lines A431.

Multifloroside (), together with 10-hydroxyoleoside 11-methyl ester (), 10-hydroxyoleoside dimethyl ester (), and 10-hydroxyligustroside (), are all secoiridoids, which are naturally occurring compounds that possess a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities. However, the anti-cancer activity of - has not been evaluated yet. The objective of this work was to study the anti-cancer activities of - in the human epidermoid carcinoma cell lines A431 and the human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines A549.

Efficacy and safety of recombinant human parathyroid hormone (1-34) are similar to those of alendronate in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

The study evaluates efficacy and safety of recombinant human parathyroid hormone (1-34) [rhPTH (1-34)] and alendronate (ALN) in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.Totally 65 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis were divided into 2 groups. PTH group received daily subcutaneous injection of rhPTH (1-34), and ALN group were treated orally with ALN per week.

Relationship between serum adipsin and the first phase of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in individuals with different glucose tolerance.

Aims/introduction: To detect serum adipsin levels in individuals with different glucose tolerance, and investigate the relationship between adipsisn and the first phase of insulin secretion.

Materials And Methods: A total of 56 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus, 36 patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 45 individuals with normal glucose tolerance were enrolled. Intravenous glucose tolerance tests were carried out to evaluate pancreatic β-cell function.

Relationship between serum betatrophin levels and the first-phase of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.

Aims: To examine circulating betatrophin concentrations in subjects with different glucose tolerance status and to investigate the relationship between serum betatrophin levels and first-phase of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.

Methods: Serum betatrophin concentrations were measured in 110 age- and sex-matched subjects: 47 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), 29 impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 34 normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Oral glucose tolerance test and intravenous glucose tolerance test were performed to assess glucose tolerance and first-phase of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.

High glucose induces autophagy of MC3T3-E1 cells via ROS-AKT-mTOR axis.

In the present study, we investigate the function of ROS-AKT-mTOR axis on the apoptosis, proliferation and autophagy of MC3T3-E1 cells, and the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells after autophagy inhibition under high glucose conditions. MC3T3-E1 cells cultured in vitro were divided into the following groups: normal control group, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) group, 11.0 mM high glucose group, 11.

MicroRNA-335-5p inhibits osteoblast apoptosis induced by high glucose.

Diabetic osteoporosis represents a serious health condition with increasing incidence. Previous studies have shown that microRNA (miR)-335-5p is highly expressed in MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts and promotes their differentiation via downregulating the expression of dickkopf‑1 (DKK1). The present study investigated the effects of miR‑335‑5p on apoptosis of osteoblasts induced by high glucose (HG), as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms.

[Evaluation of the ratio of plasma aldosterone to rennin concentration measured by an automated chemiluminescent immunoassay in screening for primary aldosteronism].

Objective: To investigate the optimal cutoff of plasma aldosterone to rennin concentration ratio (ARR) determined by an automated chemiluminescent immunoassay for primary aldosteronism (PA) screening.

Methods: A total of 154 hypertensive patients and 83 healthy volunteers were recruited in the study. Blood for aldosterone and rennin were collected from patients in the supine position and from patients and healthy volunteers after 2-hour upright posture.

Insulin glargine effectively achieves glycemic control and improves insulin resistance in patients with early type 2 diabetes that exhibit a high risk for cardiovascular disease.

In the present study, the clinical efficacy and safety of administering insulin glargine to early type 2 diabetes (T2D) mellitus patients with a high risk for cardiovascular disease were assessed. A total of 42 early T2D patients at a high risk for cardiovascular disease were randomly divided into an insulin-glargine group and a standard-care group. The patients in the insulin-glargine group received oral antidiabetic agents plus glargine once a day via a subcutaneous injection.