Assessment Model of Pediatric Bone Age Based on High-Frequency Ultrasound: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: Ultrasound-based assessment of bone age (BA) in pediatric populations remains underutilized and insufficiently validated. The purpose of this study was to develop a simple and accurate model for estimating BA using high-frequency ultrasonography.

Methods: Participants were prospectively stratified into pilot, modeling, and validation groups based on enrollment dates and predefined inclusion criteria.

A Laser Synthesis Strategy to Boost Oxygen Evolution Kinetics on Stainless Steel-Based Catalyst via Dual-Metal Segmentally Coordinated Reaction Centers for Efficient Alkaline Water Splitting.

The fabrication of efficient, stable, and noble-metal-free electrocatalysts for the hydrogen energy field has been of great interest, but still faces numerous challenges, especially in the development of fast and convenient strategies. This study reports a state-of-the-art strategy for the ultrafast preparation of spinel-type oxide self-supporting catalysts on stainless steel by ultrafast two-step laser synthesis. The self-supporting catalytic electrode not only possesses remarkable superhydrophilic/superaerophobic properties but also the constructed (Ni, Fe, Co)(Fe, Cr)O·(OH)@SS304 microcone array catalyst also demonstrates a superior oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance with a low overpotential of 130 mV at 10 mA cm, a Tafel slope of 34.

Integrated Analysis of Proteome and Metabolome Reveals the Basis of Amino Acid Metabolism in Cigar Artificial Fermentation.

Cigars are a type of tobacco product made entirely from dried tobacco, primarily consisting of the filler, binder, and wrapper. Fermentation is a key step in improving the quality of cigar tobacco leaves (CTLs). To investigate how fermentation affects quality, this study employed non-targeted metabolomics and data-independent acquisition (DIA) proteomics to examine the metabolic changes and protein expression levels in tobacco leaves.

Cinobufagin inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma EMT-like stemness via VEGF/VEGFR2 autocrine signaling.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the role of the VEGFa/VEGFR2 autocrine pathway in cinobufagin-induced inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis.

Methods: A CCK-8 assay was performed to assess cell viability. Scratch healing, Transwell, and sphere formation assays were used to measure the effects of cinobufagin on cell migration, invasion, and tumor sphere formation.

Genomic and clinical insights into ovarian cancer: subtype-specific alterations and predictors of metastasis and relapse.

Ovarian cancer exhibits marked molecular heterogeneity and variable clinical outcomes. Understanding genomic alterations associated with metastasis and relapses may guide personalized management, particularly in high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC). We performed targeted sequencing of 1021 cancer-related genes in tumor-normal pairs from 99 treatment-naïve ovarian cancer patients.

A physics-informed and data-driven framework for robotic welding in manufacturing.

The development of artificial intelligence (AI)-based industrial data-driven models is the driving force behind the digital transformation of manufacturing processes and the application of smart manufacturing. However, in real-world industrial applications, the intricate interplay among data quality, model accuracy, and generalizability poses significant challenges, hindering the effective deployment and scalability of data-driven models in complex manufacturing environments. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a universal Physics-informed Hybrid Optimization framework for Efficient Neural Intelligence (PHOENIX) in manufacturing, demonstrating its applicability in robotic welding scenarios.

Effectiveness of negative pressure wound therapy in Ludwig's angina: a retrospective study of 18 cases.

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) for Ludwig's angina (LA).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 18 patients with LA admitted to the 82nd Group Army Hospital of PLA between October 2014 and October 2021. All patients underwent surgical drainage and debridement within 6 h after admission.

Effect of Curing Temperature on Crack Resistance of Low-Heat Portland Cement Hydraulic Lining Concrete.

As part of this study, mechanical property tests were carried out at different stages with different curing temperatures to elucidate the effect of temperature on the mechanical properties of concrete. The curing temperatures were laboratory curing temperature (standard curing at 20 °C) and variable temperature curing (simulated site ambient temperature curing) according to the actual temperature of previous construction sites. The compressive strength, split tensile strength, axial tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity values were tested, and the growth rates were calculated.

In Situ Cleaning of Bead Surfaces by Utilizing Continuous High-Power Laser Scanning.

In situ cleaning of the weld area on a substrate or weld beads is performed by adjusting power and the laser scanning speed using a conventional continuous high-power laser typically employed for welding or deposition. This process facilitates the removal of contaminants (e.g.

Genetic basis and origin of coat color in Leiqiong cattle.

Coat color polymorphism in domestic animals provides a robust framework for elucidating mechanisms of species adaptation, domestication, and genomic diversity. Leiqiong cattle, a representative indicine breed from southern China, are predominantly yellow-coated, although a subset exhibits a solid black phenotype. To determine the genetic basis of this variation, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed in 212 Leiqiong bulls.

Compound C1 reduced inflammation and activated autophagy in alveolar macrophages in mice.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of Compound C1 (Comp-C1) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -mediated sepsis acute lung injury (SALI) in vitro alveolar macrophage model and its regulatory mechanism. In vitro cultured mouse alveolar macrophages (MH-S) were treated with LPS. The expression and localization of transcription factor EB (TFEB) after LPS stimulation were detected.

Efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy for Olsen Grade 3 actinic keratosis: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Actinic keratosis (AK) is a common cutaneous keratinocyte dysplasia categorized by the Olsen Grade (OG) 1-3. OG 3 AK, which has a higher risk of progressing to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), presents treatment challenges. While 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) is effective for non-hyperkeratotic AK (OG 1-2), its efficacy for OG 3 AK remains debated.

Far-red light-driven photoautotrophy of chlorophyll f-producing cyanobacterium without red-shifted phycobilisome core complex.

Chlorophyll (Chl) f production expands oxygenic photosynthesis of some cyanobacteria into the far-red light (FRL) region through reconstructed FRL-allophycocyanin (APC) cores and Chl f-containing photosystems. Presently, a unicellular cyanobacterium was isolated for studying FRL photoacclimation (FaRLiP) and classified as a new species Altericista leshanensis. It uses additional Chl f and FRL-APC cores, with retained white light (WL)-phycobiliproteins to thrive FRL conditions.

Extreme pH Tolerance in Peptide Coacervates Mediated by Multivalent Hydrogen Bonds for Enzyme-Triggered Oral Drug Delivery.

Biopolymer-based complex coacervates hold promising prospects in the field of biomedicine. However, their low stability in environments with extreme pH and high salt concentrations, largely due to weakly charged biomacromolecules and insufficient understanding of their assembly processes, has hindered their practical applications in oral drug delivery. Here, we have developed Dopa-containing peptide-based complex coacervates that are stable across a wide range of pH (1-11) and salt concentrations.

Synergistic anti-oxidative/anti-inflammatory treatment for acute lung injury with selenium based chlorogenic acid nanoparticles through modulating Mapk8ip1/MAPK and Itga2b/PI3k-AKT axis.

Oxidative stress and inflammatory dysregulation play crucial roles in pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI), and their cyclic synergy drives excessive inflammatory responses and further exacerbates ALI. Therefore, new effective strategies to treat ALI are urgently needed. Herein, a novel synergistic selenium based chlorogenic acid nanoparticle was developed to disrupt the cyclic synergistic effect between oxidative stress and inflammatory response in ALI.

The transcription factor GmFULc regulates soybean plant height by binding the promoter of a gibberellin-responsive gene.

Plant height is a crucial agronomic characteristic that substantially influences soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yield.

Pigmented pathological type and depth of follicular extension as predictors of treatment failure in 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy for actinic keratosis: A retrospective, matched nested case-control study.

Background: While 5-Aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) is widely used to treat actinic keratosis (AK), treatment resistance and recurrence after ALA-PDT remain clinical challenges.

Methods: This single-site, retrospective, matched case-control study included 119 patients with histologically confirmed AK to identify clinical and pathological predictors for effectiveness of ALA-PDT. Patients received four consecutive ALA-PDT sessions at intervals of 1 or 2 weeks.

Fault diagnosis of reducers based on digital twins and deep learning.

A new method was proposed to address fault diagnosis by applying the digital twin (DT) high-fidelity behavior and the deep learning (DL) data mining capabilities. Subsequently, the proposed fault distribution GAN (FDGAN) was built to map virtual and physical entities for the data from the established test platform. Finally, the MobileViG was employed to validate the model and diagnose faults.

Investigating the Impact of Robotic Milling Parameters on the Surface Roughness of Al-Alloy Fabricated by Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing.

This paper takes the single-wall wall manufactured by wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) as the research object and compares it with the as-cast aluminum alloy with the same series. By using feed rate, cutting depth, spindle speed, etc., as single or compound parameters, the machinability of the sample is analyzed.

Autologous Cultured Tissue Engineering Epidermal Sheet Transplantation to Treat Vitiligo of the Hands.

Background: Despite numerous therapeutic modalities for vitiligo, their efficacy varies. Managing vitiligo affecting the hands poses a particularly intricate challenge, with outcomes trailing those in other anatomical regions.

Objective: Assess the determinants influencing the efficacy and safety of autocultured tissue engineering epidermal sheets transplantation in treating hand vitiligo, observed over a 6-month follow-up period.

Active Vibration Avoidance Method for Variable Speed Welding in Robotic Friction Stir Welding Based on Constant Heat Input.

Robotic Friction Stir Welding (RFSW) technology integrates the advantages of friction stir welding and industrial robots, finding extensive applications and research in aerospace, shipbuilding, and new energy vehicles. However, the high-speed rotational process of friction stir welding combined with the low stiffness characteristics of serial industrial robots inevitably introduces vibrations during the welding process. This paper investigates the vibration patterns and impacts during the RFSW process and proposes an active vibration avoidance control method for variable speed welding based on constant heat input.

Adipose mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes attenuated hyperoxia-induced lung injury in neonatal rats via inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common chronic morbidity in extremely preterm infants. Mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) therapies have shown prospects in animal models of BPD. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of adipose mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (AMSC-Exos) on BPD and the role of the NF-κB signaling pathway in this process.

The Treatment of Refractory Vitiligo With Autologous Cultured Epithelium Grafting: A Real-World Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Surgical intervention is the main therapy for refractory vitiligo. We developed a modified autologous cultured epithelial grafting (ACEG) technique for vitiligo treatment. Between January 2015 and June 2019, a total of 726 patients with vitiligo underwent ACEG in China, with patient characteristics and clinical factors being meticulously documented.