Estrogen receptor beta in lateral habenula mediates antidepressant effects of estrogen in postpartum-hormone-withdrawal-induced depression.

Dramatic drop in reproductive hormone, especially estrogen level, from pregnancy to postpartum period is known to contribute to postpartum depression (PPD), but the underlying mechanism and the role of the estrogen receptors (ERs) in this process were unclear. Here, we used an estrogen-withdrawal-induced PPD model following hormone simulated pregnancy (HSP) in female Sprague-Dawley rats to induce depressive-like behaviors. After estrogen withdrawal, we observe an up-regulation of astrocyte-specific potassium channel (Kir4.

Variations in executive function in toddlers after exposure to pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity and the mediating role of inflammation in a longitudinal pregnancy cohort study.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the association between pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity status in pregnant women and executive function (EF) development in toddlers and establish whether inflammatory biomarkers mediate this association.

Methods: This prospective cohort included 1,126 mother-infant pairs. Pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI) was obtained from medical records, and the participants categorized into normal weight, overweight and obese groups according to standard ppBMI classifications.

Mechanism of reducing antibiotic resistance genes by nano-selenium during composting: insight into host microorganisms and a two-component system.

Nano-selenium (nano-Se) makes up for the low biological activity and high toxicity of inorganic selenium, and is widely used as a novel Se fertilizer in agriculture. This study investigated the effects of different concentrations of nano-Se on Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and host microorganisms during aerobic composting of cow manure. The results showed that high-concentration nano-Se had excellent effects on ARG removal, effectively inhibiting the dominant ARG subtypes such as aada and tetA(48).

Redox-responsive self-assembled HG-type pectin nanomicelles for alleviating chronic alcoholic liver injury in mice.

This study aimed to develop nanomicelles with redox-responsive properties using HG-type pectin (polygalacturonic acid) as a substrate to enhance the solubility of oleanolic acid (OA) and evaluate their potential application in the prevention of chronic alcoholic liver injury. Three amphiphilic conjugates, PA-OA, PA-S-OA, and PA-SS-OA (PA: polygalacturonic acid; S: 3,3'-thiodipropionic acid; SS: 3,3'-dithiobispropionic acid), were successfully synthesized by carbodiimide chemistry. The amphiphilic conjugates were physicochemically characterized and experimentally validated for efficacy in animal models.

Dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 4 modulates the STAT3-FOS signaling axis to inhibit hepatitis B virus replication autophagy.

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major global cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite available antiviral strategies, the therapeutic eradication of HBV from infected cells remains challenging. Recent studies have highlighted the role of dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinases (DYRKs) in innate immunity against viruses and HCC; however, the antiviral function of DYRK4 against HBV infection remains unknown.

Copper-Catalyzed Reductive Hydroamination of Alkenes and 1,3-Dienes with Nitroarenes.

In this study, copper-catalyzed reductive hydroamination of alkenes and 1,3-dienes with nitroarenes was developed. Such umpolung hydroamination of unsaturated C═C double bonds exhibited Markovnikov selectivity, and the hydroamination of 1,3-dienes preferred 1,2-addition. Mechanistic studies suggested the system proceeds through a radical pathway with the concomitant activation of both substrates to nucleophilic alkyl radical species and electrophilic nitro-based intermediates, respectively.

Hepatoprotective Effects of Pericarpium and (Sweet) Nakai Extracts in Alcohol-Related Liver Injury: Modulation of Oxidative Stress, Lipid Metabolism, and Gut Microbiota.

Chronic and excessive alcohol consumption induces alcohol-related liver injury (ALI), characterized by oxidative stress (OS), disrupted lipid metabolism, and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Given the lack of effective pharmacological treatments, flavonoid-rich fruits have attracted growing attention as potential intervention strategies. This study investigated the independent and combined effects of extracts from pericarpium (CRPE) and (Sweet) Nakai (CSPE), previously shown to possess hepatoprotective properties, in a mouse model of ethanol-induced chronic ALI.

Intimate Partner Violence During Pregnancy and Early Offspring Development: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study.

Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy is linked to several unfavorable outcomes for both mothers and babies. However, few studies have examined its connections to early infant neurodevelopment, and the underlying processes of these connections remain unclear.

Methods: Our research was conducted within a prospective birth cohort of 3007 mother-child pairs from March 2018 to July 2023.

Mechanism of nitrogen conversion and microbial communities controlling the acidification and storage of pig farm fecal water.

The effect of acidifiers on nitrogen transformation during manure wastewater storage remains unclear. In this study, we investigate the effects of two types of acidifiers on nitrogen transformation, bacterial structure, and functional genes during manure wastewater storage. The results indicate that the internal reactions in manure wastewater storage could be divided into three stages, i.

Corrigendum: NLR, a convenient early-warning biomarker of fatal outcome in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.

Quality of information in gestational diabetes mellitus videos on TikTok: Cross-sectional study.

Background: TikTok is an important channel for consumers to obtain and adopt health information. However, misinformation on TikTok could potentially impact public health. Currently, the quality of content related to GDM on TikTok has not been thoroughly reviewed.

Mesua ferrea L. extract inhibits cell invasion and tumor growth in breast cancer in vitro and in vivo.

Mesua ferrea L. was commonly used in Uyghur medicine, and the flowering buds of M. ferrea extract exhibited significant inhibitory effects on the proliferation of breast cancer cells in our preliminary research; however, the underlying active components remain to be elucidated.

Serum proteome profiling reveals HGFA as a candidate biomarker for pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Background: Identification and validation of potential biomarkers could facilitate the identification of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and thus aid to study their roles in the disease process.

Methods: We used the isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation approaches to compare the protein profiles between the serum of PAH patients and the controls. Bioinformatics analyses and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) identification of PAH patients and the controls were performed to identify the potential biomarkers.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of plant-derived miliusol derivatives achieve TNBC profound regression in vivo.

Triple-negative breast cancer has become a major problem in clinical treatment due to its high heterogeneity, and Plant-derived drug discovery has been the focus of attention for novel anti-tumor therapeutics. In this study, Miliusol, a natural product isolated from the rarely reported plant Miliusa tenuistipitata, was identified as the lead compound, and 25 miliusol derivatives were designed and synthesized under antiproliferative activity guidance. The results revealed that ZMF-24 was demonstrated to have potent anti-TNBC proliferation with IC values of 0.

Circulating inflammatory cytokines and gestational diabetes mellitus: Unraveling the role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) through a bidirectional mendelian randomization study.

Background: Several studies have identified associations between some of circulating inflammatory cytokines and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, the causal role of these associations remains unclear and unsystematic. We aimed to provide evidence for the causal relationships between circulating inflammatory cytokines and gestational diabetes mellitus.

Brain region-specific action of ketamine as a rapid antidepressant.

Ketamine has been found to have rapid and potent antidepressant activity. However, despite the ubiquitous brain expression of its molecular target, the -methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), it was not clear whether there is a selective, primary site for ketamine's antidepressant action. We found that ketamine injection in depressive-like mice specifically blocks NMDARs in lateral habenular (LHb) neurons, but not in hippocampal pyramidal neurons.

Coronin 2B deficiency induces nucleolar stress and neuronal apoptosis.

In eukaryotes, the nucleolus is the critical non-membranous organelle within nuclei that is responsible for ribosomal DNA (rDNA) transcription and ribosome biogenesis. The transcription of rDNA, a rate-limiting step for ribosome biogenesis, is tightly regulated to meet the demand for global protein synthesis in response to cell physiology, especially in neurons, which undergo rapid changes in morphology and protein composition during development and synaptic plasticity. However, it is unknown how the pre-initiation complex for rDNA transcription is efficiently assembled within the nucleolus in neurons.

Vitamin D supplementation for cardiometabolic risk markers in pregnant women based on the gestational diabetes mellitus or obesity status : a randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or obesity are vulnerable to impaired gestational cardiovascular health (CVH) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the future. It is unclear if prenatal vitamin D supplementation improves gestational CVH, especially in women at high risk for developing CVD. Our goal was to find out if vitamin D supplementation could protect against gestational CVH, including the women with GDM or obesity.

Unraveling the Prefrontal Cortex-Basolateral Amygdala Pathway's Role on Schizophrenia's Cognitive Impairments: A Multimodal Study in Patients and Mouse Models.

Background And Hypothesis: This study investigated the role of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)-basolateral amygdala (BLA) pathway in schizophrenia (SCZ)-related cognitive impairments using various techniques.

Study Design: This study utilized clinical scales, magnetic resonance imaging, single-cell RNA sequencing, and optogenetics to investigate the mPFC-BLA pathway in SCZ patients. In the mouse model, 6-week-old methylazoxymethanol acetate-induced mice demonstrated significant cognitive deficits, which were addressed through stereotaxic injections of an adeno-associated viral vector to unveil the neural connection between the mPFC and BLA.

A new integrative analysis of histopathology and single cell RNA-seq reveals the CCL5 mediated T and NK cell interaction with vascular cells in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Background: Inflammation and dysregulated immunity play vital roles in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH), while the mechanisms that initiate and promote these processes are unclear.

Methods: Transcriptomic data of lung tissues from IPAH patients and controls were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), differential expression analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) and functional enrichment analysis were combined with a hemodynamically-related histopathological score to identify inflammation-associated hub genes in IPAH.

Circadian rhythms of melatonin and its relationship with anhedonia in patients with mood disorders: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Mood disorders are strongly associated with melatonin disturbances. However, it is unclear whether there is a difference in melatonin concentrations and melatonin circadian rhythm profiles between depression and bipolar disorder. In addition, the relationship between anhedonia, a common symptom of affective disorders, and its melatonin circadian rhythm remains under-investigated.

Potential of novel iron 1,3,5-benzene tricarboxylate loaded on biochar to reduce ammonia and nitrous oxide emissions and its associated biological mechanism during composting.

In this study, a novel iron 1,3,5-benzene tricarboxylate loaded on biochar (BC-FeBTC) was developed and applied to kitchen waste composting. The results demonstrated that the emissions of NH and NO were significantly reduced by 57.2% and 37.

Serum proteome profiling reveals heparanase as a candidate biomarker for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.

Determining novel biomarkers for early identification of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) could improve patient outcomes. We used the isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation approach to compare the serum protein profiles between CTEPH patients and the controls. Bioinformatics analyses and ELISA were also performed.