Single-cell RNA sequencing identifies the prolactin receptor as a therapeutic target in adenomyosis.

Adenomyosis is a complex gynecological disease characterized by endometrial tissue invasion into the myometrium. Current interventions, such as hormonal therapy or hysterectomy, are associated with significant side effects and compromise fertility, underscoring the urgent need for safe and effective treatments. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of uterine samples from patients, we identified prolactin (PRL) signaling as a key pathological driver of adenomyosis.

Haplotype-resolved, gap-free genome assemblies provide insights into the divergence between Asian and European pears.

Pears (Pyrus spp.) are self-incompatible crops with broad genetic diversity. High heterozygosity and technical limitations result in gaps within reference genomes.

Nucleus-translocated glucokinase functions as a protein kinase to phosphorylate TAZ and promote tumour growth.

Hypoxia frequently occurs during rapid tumour growth. However, how tumour cells adapt to hypoxic stress by remodeling central cellular pathways remains largely unclear. Here, we show that hypoxia induces casein kinase 2 (CK2)-mediated glucokinase (GCK) S398 phosphorylation, which exposes its nuclear localization signal (NLS) for importin α1 binding and nuclear translocation.

Targeting oxidative damage in diabetic foot ulcers: integrative strategies involving antioxidant drugs and nanotechnologies.

Foot ulcerations in patients with diabetes are common and severe, typically caused by infection and chronic inflammation. Poor blood circulation and neuropathy impair the body's ability to heal wounds effectively, creating a conducive environment for ulcers. Excessive reactive oxygen species contribute to ulcer development by damaging cellular structures and hindering wound healing.

High Phosphorus Fertilization Increases Manganese Accumulation in Wheat: Absorption and Transport Mechanisms.

Excessive intake of manganese (Mn) may cause neurological toxicity in the human body. Previous studies have shown that high phosphorus (P) fertilization can significantly increase the Mn content in wheat grain; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of P fertilizer application on Mn accumulation, Mn transporters, and Mn micro-distribution in wheat at varying P fertilization rates.

CLOCK promotes proliferation of glioblastoma cells through acetylating PRPS1/2.

Purpose: The oncogenic impairment of the circadian clock plays an important role in tumorigenesis. However, it remains unclear whether the activation of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR), which plays a critical role in glioblastoma (GBM) development, regulates the circadian clock and thereby tumorigenesis.

Methods: This study employed molecular techniques including DNA mutagenesis, qPCR, immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, and functional assays.

Substitution Engineering in Triarylborane-Based Aza[7]helicenes for Photophysical Property Tuning.

In this work, we have designed and synthesized a series of donor-acceptor-type triarylborane-based aza[7]helicenes, diphenanthro[9,10-:9',10'-]carbazole (), to experimentally and theoretically explore the effect of substitution pattern on the photophysical properties. For , in which 4-(dimesitylboryl)phenyl is attached at N atom, the aza[7]helicene moiety mainly contributes to HOMO. However, the aza[7]helicene unit is involved in both HOMO and LUMO for , , and especially , in which 4-(dimesitylboryl)phenyl or dimesitylboryl is introduced at the -position of the N atom.

Natural variation of AcEGY3 mediates chloroplastic ROS homeostasis to confer kiwifruit thermotolerance.

The genus of Actinidia consists of the popular kiwifruits consuming worldwide. Most kiwifruit species are naturally distributed in warm and moist environments. So, they are vulnerable to high levels of heat stress.

Thymopentin-integrated self-assembling nanoplatform for enhanced photo-immunotherapy in diabetic wound healing.

Diabetic wounds represent a significant clinical challenge owing to infection, oxidative stress, and immune dysregulation. In this study, a multifunctional photoimmunotherapy nanoplatform (I-P-T NPs) was developed through the self-assembly of the near-infrared photosensitizer IR820, the immunomodulatory agent thymopentin (TP5), and the antioxidant phloretin (Phl) via intermolecular hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. This nanoplatform integrates photothermal therapy (PTT), immune modulation, and reactive oxygen species scavenging to address the infection-oxidation-immunosuppression triad in diabetic wounds.

PXMP2 inhibits tumor stemness and immune infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma based on stemness risk.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a complex and heterogeneous disease wherein cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a pivotal role in driving tumorigenesis, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. This study sought to map the stemness landscape of HCC and identify patients who may benefit from immunotherapy.

Methods: A total of 26 stem cell gene sets were obtained from the StemChecker database.

Milk Composition Changes and Alterations in Bacteria, Serum, and Gut Metabolome Over Time in Lactating Naks and Simmental Cows.

Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying milk composition divergence between naks (female yaks) and Simmental cows (S-cows) by integrating longitudinal multi-omics analyses of gut microbiota and metabolomes.

Methods: We determined the gut microbiota and metabolites of both species over a 54-day period (day 26 to 80 of lactation), with ten naks and ten S-cows. Gut microbiota dynamics were assessed via 16S rRNA sequencing, while serum and fecal metabolomes were profiled using UHPLC-MS/MS.

Characterization of a KANADI-like transcription factor that suppresses pear anthocyanin biosynthesis.

Anthocyanins are important specialized fruit metabolites and major pigments, whose abundance depends on co-regulation of activators and repressors, primarily transcription factors (TFs) of the MYB family. Herein, a KANADI-like TF PuKAN4 was characterized in pear. This TF could be transcriptionally up-regulated by the anthocyanin-related R2R3-MYBs PuMYB10/PuMYB114 and exhibited high expression within red-skinned pears.

Excitation wavelength-dependent room temperature phosphorescence based on dual confinement of an organic-inorganic matrix for dynamic information encryption.

In the digital age of today, the importance of information encryption is increasingly recognized globally. Emerging room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials have stood out in the information encryption field. However, the majority of RTP materials have complicated synthesis processes, high costs, environmental problems, and potential bio-toxicity, which limit their wide application.

Development of a syringe-hosted load-and-read immunoassay device using autoinjected distance readout in paper inserts.

Pressure-based signal readout is promising for developing instrument-free immunoassays, but new detection methods are desirable to further advance the applicability of point-of-care testing (POCT). Herein, we developed a syringe-hosted load-and-read immunoassay device using autoinjected distance readout in paper inserts. The device was composed of multiple disposable syringes as the host for immuno-recognition, a three-dimensional (3D)-printed loading magazine of the syringes, and paper inserts to the magazine for distance signal readout.

A bibliometric analysis of optic atrophy from 2003 to 2023: research trends and hot spots.

Background: Optic atrophy (OA) is primarily caused by damage to the retinal pathway system, including widespread degeneration of retinal ganglion cells and axons, leading to visual impairment and blindness. Despite its clinical significance and diverse etiological factors, there is currently a lack of comprehensive bibliometric analyses exploring research trends and hotspots within this field.

Method: This study retrieved relevant literature on OA published between 2003 and 2023 from the Web of Science Core Collection database.

Spatial characteristics of soil potassium in the early stage of vegetation restoration and influencing factors in southwest China's karst region.

The study established experimental transects in undisturbed areas of the Caohai Nature Reserve in Weining, Guizhou Province. The study aims to examine complete successional transects in different landscapes: non-karst, karst, and vegetation restoration, using the spatiotemporal substitution method. It analyzes the distribution patterns of Total potassium (TK) and Avail potassium (AK) in the soil and employs a Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) to investigate the effects of geomorphology, soil aggregates, and their interactions on the changes in soil potassium(K) elements.

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles for human diseases.

Stem cell therapy is a novel approach for treating various severe and intractable diseases, including autoimmune disorders, organ transplants, tumors, and neurodegenerative diseases. Nevertheless, the extensive utilization of stem cells is constrained by potential tumorigenicity, challenges in precise differentiation, rejection concerns, and ethical considerations. Extracellular vesicles possess the ability to carry diverse bioactive factors from stem cells and deliver them to specific target cells or tissues.

Efficacy of different traditional Chinese medicine decoctions in the treatment of ischemic stroke: a network meta-analysis.

Objective: Currently, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and its combinations are widely used in the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with ischemic stroke. However, current studies should mainly focus on the therapeutic effects of traditional Chinese medicines alone. This paper will employ a network meta-analysis to compare the efficacy of different TCM decoctions in the treatment of patients with ischemic stroke.

Fatty Acids Composition of Pasture Grass, Yak Milk and Yak Ghee from the Four Altitudes of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: A Predictive Modelling Approach to Evaluate the Correlation among Altitude, Pasture Grass, Yak Milk and Yak Ghee.

This study investigates the effect of altitude on the fatty acid composition of pasture grass, yak milk, and yak ghee on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, aiming to understand how environmental factors influence the nutritional quality of these products. Samples were collected from four different altitudes and analyzed for fatty acid profiles using gas chromatography. The analysis reveals that higher altitudes are associated with an increased prevalence of beneficial unsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic acid (C18:1) and linoleic acid (C18:2n6c).

Investigating the molecular mechanisms between type 1 diabetes and mild cognitive impairment using bioinformatics analysis, with a focus on immune response.

The immune system is involved in the development and progression of several diseases. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), an autoimmune disorder, influences the progression of several other conditions; however, the link between T1DM and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains unclear. This study investigated the underlying immune response mechanisms that contribute to the development and progression of T1DM and MCI.

Chromosome doubling increases PECTIN METHYLESTERASE 2 expression, biomass, and osmotic stress tolerance in kiwifruit.

Chromosome doubling-induced polyploidization is a popular tool for crop breeding. Polyploidy crops commonly have multiple advantages, including increased biomass and stress tolerance. However, little is known about the genes responsible for these advantages.