High Phosphorus Fertilization Increases Manganese Accumulation in Wheat: Absorption and Transport Mechanisms.

Excessive intake of manganese (Mn) may cause neurological toxicity in the human body. Previous studies have shown that high phosphorus (P) fertilization can significantly increase the Mn content in wheat grain; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of P fertilizer application on Mn accumulation, Mn transporters, and Mn micro-distribution in wheat at varying P fertilization rates.

Plasma nontargeted metabolomics study of H1N1 and H3N2 influenza in children.

Background: This study used a nontargeted metabolomic approach to investigate small molecular metabolites in the peripheral blood of pediatric patients with influenza. By comparing these metabolites with those in healthy children, potential biomarkers for the early detection and diagnosis of influenza were explored.

Methods: Plasma samples were collected from 47 children with H1N1 influenza, 40 with H3N2 influenza, and 40 healthy controls at Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital, and Xi'an Central Hospital between May and September 2023.

A one-pot multicomponent tandem reaction for the rapid synthesis of 2-amino-3-benzylindoles.

The simultaneous introduction of two functional groups into molecules a one-pot process is of great importance for the synthesis of complex molecules. However, this remains a challenging task due to the need for precise control of regio- and chemo-selectivity. In this paper, we present a novel oxidative cross-dehydrogenation coupling (CDC) reaction that selectively introduces two nucleophiles at the C2,3-positions of indoles, thereby constructing the C-N and C-C bonds simultaneously in one pot.

Peripheral Blood CD4/CD8 T Cell Ratio Predicts HBsAg Clearance in Inactive HBsAg Carriers Treated with Peginterferon Alpha.

Background And Aims: T lymphocytes play a pivotal role in resolving hepatitis B virus infection. This study aimed to investigate the dynamics of peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets during peginterferon alpha (peg-IFN-α) therapy and their association with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) clearance in inactive HBsAg carriers (IHCs).

Methods: This prospective observational study enrolled 197 IHCs treated with peg-IFNα-2a/2b for 48 weeks and followed for 24 weeks (treatment group), and 221 IHCs who were regularly monitored for 72 weeks without treatment (IHC control group).

Potential mechanisms and therapeutic prospects of the association between infection and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

() infection is a known inducer of various gastrointestinal diseases, including gastritis, gastric ulcers, and gastric cancer. However, in recent years, research on the potential association between infection and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) has been scarce. This large-scale multicenter study, covering more than 360 hospitals across 26 medical systems in the United States, systematically evaluated the association between infection and MASH.

Inhibiting ceramide synthase 5 expression in microglia decreases neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury.

JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202510000-00026/figure1/v/2024-11-26T163120Z/r/image-tiff Microglia, the resident monocyte of the central nervous system, play a crucial role in the response to spinal cord injury. However, the precise mechanism remains unclear.

Functional characterization, structural basis, and protein engineering of a rare flavonoid 2'--glycosyltransferase from .

Glycosylation is an important post-modification reaction in plant secondary metabolism, and contributes to structural diversity of bioactive natural products. In plants, glycosylation is usually catalyzed by UDP-glycosyltransferases. Flavonoid 2'--glycosides are rare glycosides.

Disclosing the influence mechanism of facet-dependent pyrite photo-activation and photo-dissolution processes on the reduction of Cr(VI).

The photo-activation and photo-dissolution processes of pyrite (FeS) can affect the environmental behavior of the co-existing hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). But the photochemical performance of FeS is intimately dependent on its exposed facets. Herein, FeS nanosheets (FeS NS) and FeS nanocubes (FeS NC) with the dominant exposed facets of (001) and (210)/(100) respectively are prepared.

Global incidence and characteristics of spinal cord injury since 2000-2021: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: This study employs systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the incidence and characteristics of spinal cord injury (SCI) between 2000 and 2021, aiming to provide the most recent and comprehensive data support for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and care of SCI.

Methods: Systematic searches were conducted on epidemiological studies of SCI published between January 1, 2000, and March 29, 2024. Meta-analysis, subgroup analysis, meta-regression, publication bias detection, and literature quality assessment were extensively utilized.

Hepatitis B cure: Current situation and prospects.

Achievement of a 'clinical cure' in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) implies sustained virological suppression and immunological control over the infection, which is the ideal treatment goal according to domestic and international CHB management guidelines. Clinical practice has shown encouraging results for specific patient cohorts using tailored treatment regimens. These regimens incorporate either nucleos(t)ide analogs, immunomodulatory agents such as pegylated interferon α, or a strategic combination of both, sequentially or concurrently administered.

Clivia biosensor: Soil moisture identification based on electrophysiology signals with deep learning.

Research has shown that plants have the ability to detect environmental changes and generate electrical signals in response. These electrical signals can regulate the physiological state of plants and produce corresponding feedback. This suggests that plants have the potential to be used as biosensors for monitoring environmental information.

Global burden of liver cirrhosis 1990-2019 and 20 years forecast: results from the global burden of disease study 2019.

Background: Cirrhosis is a disease that imposes a heavy burden worldwide, but its incidence varies widely by region. Therefore, we analysed data on the incidence and mortality of cirrhosis in 204 countries and territories from 1990-2019 and projected the disease development from 2019-2039.

Methods: Data on the incidence and mortality of liver cirrhosis from 1990 to 2019 were acquired from the public Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study.

Phthalate ester (PAEs) accumulation in wheat tissues and dynamic changes of rhizosphere microorganisms in the field with plastic-film residue.

Phthalates acid esters (PAEs) have accumulated in soil and crops like wheat as a result of the widespread usage of plastic films. It is yet unclear, nevertheless, how these dynamic variations in PAE accumulation in wheat tissues relate to rhizosphere bacteria in the field. In this work, a field root-bag experiment was conducted to examine the changes of PAEs accumulation in the rhizosphere soil and wheat tissues under film residue conditions at four different growth stages of wheat, and to clarify the roles played by the microbial community in the alterations.

Iodine-dependent oxidative regioselective aminochalcogenation of indolines.

A directing-group-free strategy for oxidative regioselective aminochalcogenation of indolines with amines and dichalconides is presented. This strategy combines tandem coupling sequences and oxidative dehydrogenation methods in a multi-component reaction, enabling the fast construction of a series of C2,3- or C2,5-aminochalcogenated indole derivatives. Moreover, the application of this synthetic approach is demonstrated through the late-stage modification of pharmaceuticals and the derivatization of the products, highlighting its potential and significance.

Hepatoprotective effects of aspirin on diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats by reducing inflammation levels and PD-L1 expression.

Aspirin, as a widely used anti-inflammatory drug, has been shown to exert anti-cancer effects in a variety of cancers. PD-L1 is widely expressed in tumor cells and inhibits anti-tumor immunity. This study aims to clarify whether aspirin exerts its anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) effect by inhibiting PD-L1 expression.

Investigating the oxidation mechanism of facet-dependent pyrite: implications for the environment and sulfur evolution.

The oxidation of pyrite (FeS) not only adversely affects the environment, but also plays a critical role in the geochemical evolution of Fe and S elements. However, the oxidation rate of FeS is often controlled by its exposed crystal facets. Herein, the oxidation behaviors and mechanisms of naturally existing FeS(100) and FeS(210) crystals are investigated.

Synergistic photocatalytic degradation mechanism of BiOClI-OVs based on oxygen vacancies and internal electric field-mediated solid solution.

The easy recombination of photoexcited electron-hole pairs is a serious constraint for the application of photocatalysts. In this work, a range of BiOClI solid solutions with abundant oxygen vacancies (BiOClI-OVs) were synthesized. In particular, the optimal BiOClI-OVs sample exhibited almost 100% removal of bisphenol A (BPA) within 45 min visible light exposure, which was 22.

Preparation of lignin nanoparticles via ultra-fast microwave-assisted fractionation of lignocellulose using ternary deep eutectic solvents.

Lignin separation from natural lignocellulose for the preparation of lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) is often challenging owing to the recalcitrant and complex structure of lignocellulose. This paper reports a strategy for the rapid synthesis of LNPs via microwave-assisted lignocellulose fractionation using ternary deep eutectic solvents (DESs). A novel ternary DES with strong hydrogen bonding was prepared using choline chloride, oxalic acid, and lactic acid in a 1:0.

Short-Term Peg-IFN α-2b Re-Treatment Induced a High Functional Cure Rate in Patients with HBsAg Recurrence after Stopping Peg-IFN α-Based Regimens.

Little is known about the treatment of patients with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) recurrence after being clinically cured by peginterferon alpha(peg-IFN-α)-based regimens. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of peg-IFNα-2b in re-treating patients with HBsAg recurrence after stopping peg-IFN α-based regimens. In this two-center, prospective observational study, 33 patients with HBsAg recurrence after stopping peg-IFN α-based regimens were enrolled and re-treated with an individualized course of peg-IFN α-2b.

Vanadium-Catalyzed Dinitrogen Reduction to Ammonia via a [V]═NNH Intermediate.

The catalytic transformation of N to NH by transition metal complexes is of great interest and importance but has remained a challenge to date. Despite the essential role of vanadium in biological N fixation, well-defined vanadium complexes that can catalyze the conversion of N to NH are scarce. In particular, a V(NH) intermediate derived from proton/electron transfer reactions of coordinated N remains unknown.

The content of PAEs in field soils caused by the residual film has a periodical peak.

The wide use of plastic film mulch has led to the release of phthalate esters (PAEs), which seriously threatens the soil environment and the safety of crop production. However, it is unknown whether there is a maximum threshold of soil PAEs accumulation induced by plastic film residue, and the dynamic changes of soil PAEs under field conditions are still unclear. To address these issues, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the temporal fluctuations of soil PAEs content and the response of microbial community structure in the field with plastic film residue.

Suppression of pyrite oxidation by co-depositing bio-inspired PropS-SH-tannic acid coatings for the source control acid mine drainage.

In previous works, both tannic acid (TA) and organosilane-based passivators have been proven to possess good inhibition effects on pyrite oxidation, which could effectively prevent acid mine drainage (AMD) generation at the source. However, the hydrophilicity of TA passivation film and the complex coating process of organosilane-based passivators (high temperature conditions were required during the process carried out) may limit their further practical use. Therefore, to achieve the purpose of better coating treatment of pyrite under mild conditions, TA and γ-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (PropS-SH) were introduced to synergistically passivate pyrite in this work.

Efficacy and mechanism of intermittent fasting in metabolic associated fatty liver disease based on ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Objectives: Drug treatment of metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) remains lacking. This study analyzes the efficacy and mechanism underlying intermittent fasting combined with lipidomics.

Methods: Thirty-two male rats were randomly divided into three groups: Normal group, administered a standard diet; MAFLD group, administered a 60% high-fat diet; time-restricted feeding (TRF) group, administered a 60% high-fat diet.

The interaction of ZnO nanoparticles, Cr(VI), and microorganisms triggers a novel ROS scavenging strategy to inhibit microbial Cr(VI) reduction.

Cr(VI) contaminated water usually contains other contaminants like engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). During the process of microbial treatment, the inevitable interaction of Cr(VI), ENMs, and microorganisms probably determines the efficiency of Cr(VI) biotransformation, however, the corresponding information remains elusive. This study investigated the interaction of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs), Cr(VI), and Pannonibacter phragmitetus BB (hereafter BB), which changed the process of microbial Cr(VI) reduction.