Fecal microbiota transplantation improves bile acid malabsorption in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: results of microbiota and metabolites from two cohort studies.

Background: Bile acid malabsorption (BAM) or bile acid diarrhea (BAD) complicates more than 30% of Crohn's disease (CD), yet no non-invasive biomarker reliably identifies patients who will benefit from fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). We investigated whether serum 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (C4), a hepatic bile-acid synthesis precursor, can predict BAM and FMT response in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods: We included 106 pairs of IBD patients treated with FMT from two longitudinal cohorts of prospective trials and 24 matched healthy individuals to identify a multi-omics analysis of microbiota-metabolism and evaluate real-world effectiveness of FMT.

Dysregulated lipid metabolism in kidney stone pathogenesis: a literature review of mechanistic insights and therapeutic implications.

Kidney stone disease (KSD) is a globally prevalent urinary system disorder whose pathogenesis involves complex interactions among metabolic, genetic, and environmental factors. Although the role of glucose metabolism in KSD has been widely studied, the impact of lipid metabolism abnormalities remains unclear. This review systematically integrates epidemiological, animal model, and molecular mechanism studies to explore the mechanisms by which lipid metabolism disorders promote KSD through key regulatory factors, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs), and apolipoproteins, synergizing with organelle damage pathways, including mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and ferroptosis.

Ultrasound Characteristics of Secondary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Thyroid.

Objective To analyze the ultrasonographic features of secondary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid(SSCC-T)and evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasound.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical and ultrasonographic data from 12 patients with pathologically confirmed SSCC-T treated at Beijing Friendship Hospital,Capital Medical University between January 2016 and January 2025.Evaluated parameters included lesion size,echogenicity,edge,vascularity,calcification,and cervical lymph node metastasis.

The geometry and dimensionality of brain-wide activity.

Understanding neural activity organization is vital for deciphering brain function. By recording whole-brain calcium activity in larval zebrafish during hunting and spontaneous behaviors, we find that the shape of the neural activity space, described by the neural covariance spectrum, is scale-invariant: a smaller, cell assembly resembles the entire brain. This phenomenon can be explained by Euclidean Random Matrix theory, where neurons are reorganized from anatomical to functional positions based on their correlations.

Effect of COVID-19 inactivated vaccine on anti-Müllerian hormone in Chinese women: a retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the impact of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine on Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels in Chinese women.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on women aged 18-45 who had undergone two AMH tests between March 2020 and September 2021. Participants were grouped based on vaccine doses (two- and three-dose), time intervals since vaccination, and manufacturers.

Washed microbiota transplantation for ribotype 027 infection in a pregnant woman with two-year follow-up: a case report.

( ) is one of the major causes of nosocomial infections. The pregnant women, who were considered at low risk for infection (CDI), have attracted attention with increasing reports. Oral vancomycin, the only first-line treatment for the pregnant women infected with , came with the problem of increasing strains resistance that was associated with decreased efficacy.

OS-DETR: End-to-end brain tumor detection framework based on orthogonal channel shuffle networks.

OrthoNets use the Gram-Schmidt process to achieve orthogonality among filters but do not impose constraints on the internal orthogonality of individual filters. To reduce the risk of overfitting, especially in scenarios with limited data such as medical image, this study explores an enhanced network that ensures the internal orthogonality within individual filters, named the Orthogonal Channel Shuffle Network ( OSNet). This network is integrated into the Detection Transformer (DETR) framework for brain tumor detection, resulting in the OS-DETR.

Diagnostic challenges and surgical options for cysts of the canal of Nuck in adults: Two cases report.

Rationale: Cyst of the canal of Nuck is a very rare female hydrocele, which is often caused by developmental disorders. The incidence of this disease is very low in the world, and misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis often occur due to insufficient understanding of it by clinical staff. We present these 2 case studies with the objective of enhancing awareness and comprehension of the disease, as well as offering valuable insights for its management and treatment.

Evaluation of the efficacy of Tai Chi on the cognitive function of patients with mild cognitive dysfunction and research on its mechanism.

Introduction: Studies have revealed that Tai Chi can enhance cognitive functions among patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, the precise mechanisms underlying this improvement remain elusive.

Methods: Consequently, we conducted a study involving 54 elderly inpatients with MCI residing in a combined medical and elderly care facility in Chengdu, who were randomly divided into three groups: a control group engaging in daily living activities, a Tai Chi group that performed Tai Chi exercises in addition to control group activities, and a walking group that undertook walking activities as a supplement to the control group regimen.

Structural Variations in Ulcerative Colitis-associated Escherichia coli Reduce Fructose Utilization and Aggravate Inflammation Under High-Fructose Diet.

Background & Aims: Structural variations (SVs) have significant effects on microbial phenotypes. The underlying mechanism of functional changes caused by gut microbial SVs in the development of ulcerative colitis (UC) need further investigation.

Methods: We performed long-read (Oxford Nanopore Technology-based) and short-read (Illumina-based) metagenomic sequencing on stool samples from 93 patients with UC and 100 healthy controls (HCs) and analyzed microbial SVs.

Panaxadiol Attenuates Brain Damage by Inhibiting Ferroptosis in a Rat Model of Cerebral Hemorrhage.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most common subtype of hemorrhage stroke, with a high disability, morbidity and mortality rate globally. Panaxadiol (PD), a triterpenoid sapogenin monomer, is isolated from the roots of ginseng, which has shown a variety of biological properties, such as anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, and neuroprotection. However, its effect and mechanism on ICH were still unknown.

Literature study on traditional Chinese medicine syndromes after renal transplantation.

Background: Kidney transplantation is the most effective means to treat patients with renal failure, but its postoperative problems such as rejection reactions, immunosuppressant poisoning, chronic transplant kidney nephropathy, still have not been effectively solved. This study searched for literature on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes after kidney transplantation in China, conducted statistical analysis of the results, and sought to identify the underlying patterns.

Aim: To understand the TCM syndromes after renal transplantation and associated rules and provide a theoretical basis for further clinical research.

Artificial intelligent recognition for multiple supernumerary teeth in periapical radiographs based on faster R-CNN and YOLOv8.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of automated supernumerary tooth (ST) detection systems on periapical radiographs using Faster R-CNN and YOLOv8 with detection by 8 dental residents.

Methods: This was a diagnostic accuracy study of 469 periapical radiographs (419 training vs. 50 test datasets).

Rethinking the diagnosis and treatment of renal anastomotic hemangioma after partial nephrectomy.

Renal anastomotic hemangioma (AH) is a rare, benign vascular tumor with unique histopathological features, a disease that is clinically rare, and existing clinical cases offer different treatment options. As reported in the text, this is a very unusual case of renal AH with AH secondary to residual renal tissue after renal clear cell carcinoma, describing a rare renal AH and a history of renal clear cell carcinoma, including ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. However, the available imaging data and the literature do not provide an effective basis for the diagnosis of the disease, raising the lack of understanding and misdiagnosis, where the patient eventually underwent nephrectomy, but the author is not the most appropriate surgical treatment.

Washed microbiota transplantation effectively improves nutritional status in gastrointestinal disease-related malnourished children.

Background And Aim: Gut microbiota dysbiosis plays a critical role in malnutrition caused by food intolerance and intestinal inflammation in children, which needs to be addressed. We assessed the efficacy and safety of washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) for gastrointestinal disease-related malnourished children.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study involving gastrointestinal disease-related malnourished pediatric patients who underwent WMT.

[Mechanism of chrysophanol in inhibiting ox-LDL-induced macrophage foaminess through NF-κB/HMGB1-PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway].

The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanism of chrysophanol(Chr) in reducing inflammation and foam cell formation induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein(ox-LDL) and to investigate the targets and pathways related to effects of Chr on coronary atherosclerosis, providing a theoretical basis for the development of new clinical drugs. RAW264.7 macrophages were cultured in vitro, and after determining the appropriate concentrations of Chr and ox-LDL for treating RAW264.

Light-Driven Hybrid Nanoreactor Harnessing the Synergy of Carboxysomes and Organic Frameworks for Efficient Hydrogen Production.

Synthetic photobiocatalysts are promising catalysts for valuable chemical transformations by harnessing solar energy inspired by natural photosynthesis. However, the synergistic integration of all of the components for efficient light harvesting, cascade electron transfer, and efficient biocatalytic reactions presents a formidable challenge. In particular, replicating intricate multiscale hierarchical assembly and functional segregation involved in natural photosystems, such as photosystems I and II, remains particularly demanding within artificial structures.

Corrigendum: Bruceine H mediates EGFR-TKI drug persistence in NSCLC by Notch3-dependent β-catenin activating FOXO3a signaling.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.

Shifting Paradigms in Hemorrhoid Management: The Emergence and Impact of Cap-Assisted Endoscopic Sclerotherapy.

Hemorrhoidal disease (HD) is a prevalent proctological condition that has puzzled people since ancient times, and the most common symptom is painless bleeding. Traditional treatments include conservative treatment, nonsurgical office-based treatments, and surgery. Sclerotherapy is one of the oldest forms of nonoperative intervention and is widely used to treat internal hemorrhoids with the development of endoscopy technology.

Colonic transendoscopic enteral tubing is revolutionizing intestinal therapeutics, diagnosis, and microbiome research.

The intestine, as a crucial organ of the human body, has remained enigmatic despite the remarkable advancements in modern medical technology. Over the past decades, the invention of endoscopic technology has made the noninvasive intervention of the intestine a reality, expanding diagnostic and therapeutic options for diseases. However, due to the single-treatment feature of endoscopic procedures, continuous or repeated medication administration, sampling, and decompression drainage within the intestine have yet to be fulfilled.

Hierarchical behavior control by a single class of interneurons.

Animal behavior is organized into nested temporal patterns that span multiple timescales. This behavior hierarchy is believed to arise from a hierarchical neural architecture: Neurons near the top of the hierarchy are involved in planning, selecting, initiating, and maintaining motor programs, whereas those near the bottom of the hierarchy act in concert to produce fine spatiotemporal motor activity. In , behavior on a long timescale emerges from ordered and flexible transitions between different behavioral states, such as forward, reversal, and turn.

Melanoma-inhibiting activity promotes the migration and odontoblastic differentiation of stem cells of apical papilla.

Objective: Melanoma Inhibitory Activity (MIA) has been predominantly studied in the context of melanoma and cartilage development. However, its role in dental pulp development and stem cell behavior remains largely unexplored. This study investigates the expression pattern of MIA in dental pulp tissues and its potential role in the proliferation, migration, and odontoblastic differentiation of stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs).

Bowel preparation after mid-gut tubing enhanced the efficacy and compliance of magnetic resonance enterography in Crohn's disease: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) has become a routine intestinal imaging examination for Crohn's disease (CD). Sufficient bowel preparation is fundamental for MRE.

Objectives: To compare the efficacy and compliance of bowel preparation between through a mid-gut tube and oral administration for MRE in CD.