The role of ASS1 in mouse embryonic stem cell differentiation into mesendoderm lineages.

Background: Argininosuccinate synthase (ASS1) is a pivotal enzyme involved in the urea cycle, playing a crucial role in aspartate catabolism, arginine and nitric oxide biosynthesis. These biological processes are crucial for the growth and development of mammals. However, the functions of urea cycle-related genes in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) remain largely unclear.

Comparative Study of Reprogramming Efficiency and Regulatory Mechanisms of Placental- and Fibroblast-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) in Mules.

As an interspecies hybrid inheriting genetic material from horse and donkey lineages, mules provide a unique model for studying allele-specific regulatory dynamics. Here, we isolated adult fibroblasts (AFs) and placental fibroblasts (PFs) from mule tissues and reprogrammed them into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Intriguingly, placental fibroblast-derived iPSCs (mpiPSCs) exhibited reduced reprogramming efficiency compared to adult fibroblast-derived iPSCs (maiPSCs).

Chronic inflammation and cognitive frailty in older adults: A narrative review.

Cognitive Frailty (CF) is a clinical syndrome characterized by the co-occurrence of physical frailty and cognitive impairment in the absence of dementia. This geriatric condition has emerged as a significant contributor to compromised health status and diminished quality of life among aging populations, yet its underlying pathological mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated. Chronic low-grade inflammation, recognized as a hallmark of biological aging, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple age-related diseases, including hypertension, diabetes, panvascular diseases, and cerebrovascular disorders.

Establishment of sika deer induced pluripotent stem cells.

The sika deer (Cervus nippon) is a large ruminant species of significant commercial value, with antlers used in traditional medicine and meat prized for its nutritional and culinary qualities. In this study, we cultured fibroblasts from sika deer fetal fibroblasts (SDFs) and then reprogrammed them into sika deer induced pluripotent stem cells (SD-iPSCs) using nine exogenous factors (OCT4, SOX2, C-MYC, KLF4, NANOG, LIN28, RARG, LRH1 and LARGE T). The resulting SD-iPSCs exhibited to expressed key pluripotent genes, maintained genomic stability, and differentiated into the three germ layers in teratoma assays.

Transcriptome analysis of medaka spermatogonial stem cell line (SG3) infected with ranaviruses in vitro.

The medaka spermatogonial stem cell line (SG3) is a well-established cell line that can be induced to differentiate into sperm in vitro. Ranavirus, a genus of viruses widely distributed among fish, amphibians, and reptiles, poses a significant threat to these organisms. This study aimed to investigate the morphological changes and transcriptomic responses in SG3 following infection with three ranavirus strains: Andrias davidianus ranavirus (ADRV), Rana grylio virus (RGV), and Siniperca chuatsi ranavirus (SCRaV).

Targeting NLRC5 in cardiomyocytes protects postinfarction cardiac injury by enhancing autophagy flux through the CAVIN1/CAV1 axis.

NOD-like receptor (NLR) family proteins are implicated in various cardiovascular diseases. However, the precise role of NLRC5, the largest member of this family, in myocardial infarction (MI) remains poorly understood. This study reveals that NLRC5 is upregulated in the hearts of both patients with MI and MI mice.

Transcriptome analysis of the spermatogonial stem cell line of Opsariichthys bidens after infection with three strains of ranaviruses.

The long-term-cultured Opsariichthys bidens spermatogonial stem cell line (ObSSC) was established in our previous study, which could be induced to differentiate into sperm in vitro. The genus Ranavirus is a large double-stranded DNA virus with a high degree of pathogenicity, which can be widely transmitted in fish, amphibians and reptiles. It is highly representative and possesses significant research value.

GPX3 Overexpression Ameliorates Cardiac Injury Post Myocardial Infarction Through Activating LSD1/Hif1α Axis.

Myocardial infarction (MI) often results in significant loss of cardiomyocytes (CMs), contributing to adverse ventricular remodelling and heart failure. Therefore, promoting CM survival during the acute stage of MI is crucial. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of GPX3 in cardiac repair following MI.

Associations between CDH1 gene polymorphisms and the risk of gastric cancer: A meta-analysis based on 44 studies.

Background: Numerous studies have investigated the association between CDH1 polymorphisms and gastric cancer (GC) risk. However, the results have been inconsistent and controversial. To further determine whether CDH1 polymorphisms increase the risk of GC, we conducted a meta-analysis by pooling the data.

Associations of PD-1 and PD-L1 gene polymorphisms with cancer risk: a meta-analysis based on 50 studies.

Programmed death-1 and its ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1), immune checkpoints proteins, play a crucial role in anti-tumor responses. A large number of studies have evaluated the relationships of PD-1/PD-L1 polymorphisms with risk of cancer, but evidence for the associations remains inconsistent. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to examine the associations between PD-1/PD-L1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and cancer predisposition.

Sesamin alleviates lipid accumulation induced by oleic acid via PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy in HepG2 cells.

Sesamin, a special compound present in sesame and sesame oil, has been reported a role in regulating lipid metabolism, while the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Autophagy has been reported associated with lipid metabolism and regarded as a key modulator in liver steatosis. The present work aimed to investigate whether sesamin could exert its protective effects against lipid accumulation via modulating autophagy in HepG2 cells stimulated with oleic acid (OA).

Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha (eEF1A) inhibits rhabdovirus (SCRV) infection through two distinct mechanisms.

Although a virus can regulate many cellular responses to facilitate its replication by interacting with host proteins, the host can also restrict virus infection through these interactions. In the present study, we showed that the host eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha (eEF1A), an essential protein in the translation machinery, interacted with two proteins of a fish rhabdovirus, rhabdovirus (SCRV), and inhibited virus infection via two different mechanisms: (i) inhibiting the formation of crucial viral protein complexes required for virus transcription and replication and (ii) promoting the ubiquitin-proteasome degradation of viral protein. We also revealed the functional regions of eEF1A that are involved in the two processes.

Fusing a TurboID tag with the Andrias davidianus ranavirus 2L reduced virus adsorption efficiency.

Andrias davidianus ranavirus (ADRV) is a member of the genus ranavirus (family Iridoviridae). ADRV 2L is an envelope protein that could be essential in viral infection. In the present study, the function of ADRV 2L was investigated by fusion with the biotin ligase TurboID tag.

Identification of citrus APX gene family and their response to CYVCV infection.

Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is one of the most important antioxidant enzymes in the reactive oxygen metabolic pathway of plants. The role of APX under biotic and abiotic stress conditions has been explored, but the response pattern of APX under biotic stresses is relatively less known. In this study, seven CsAPXs gene family members were identified based on the sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) genome and subjected to evolutionary and structural analysis using bioinformatics software.

Transcriptome analysis of Citrus limon infected with Citrus yellow vein clearing virus.

Background: Citrus yellow vein clearing virus (CYVCV) is the causative agent of citrus yellow vein clearing disease, and poses a serious threat to the lemon industry in Asia. The common symptoms of CYVCV-infected lemon plants are leaf crinkling, leaf chlorotic mottling, and yellow vein clearing. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying CYVCV-citrus interaction that responsible for symptom occurrence is still unclarified.

Application of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion in the Evaluation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Transarterial Chemoembolization.

(1) Background: To assess the efficacy of the quantitative parameters of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion-weighted imaging for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). (2) Methods: Fifty HCC patients after TACE were included and underwent MRI. All of the patients were scanned with the IVIM-DWI sequence and underwent TACE retreatment within 1 week.

Association of glycated albumin to hemoglobin A1c ratio with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among US adults: A population-based cohort study.

Aims: To investigate the association of glycated albumin to hemoglobin A1c (GA/HbA1c) ratio, an indicator of blood glucose fluctuations, with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among US adults.

Methods: This cohort study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004. Participants were linked to National Death Index mortality data through December 31, 2015.

CDK9 binds and activates SGK3 to promote cardiac repair after injury via the GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway.

The mammalian heart possesses entire regeneration capacity after birth, which is lost in adulthood. The role of the kinase network in myocardial regeneration remains largely elusive. SGK3 (threonine-protein kinase 3) is a functional kinase we identified previously with the capacity to promote cardiomyocyte proliferation and cardiac repair after myocardial infarction.

Protein Kinase C Inhibitors Reduce SARS-CoV-2 Replication in Cultured Cells.

Infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has posed a severe threat to global public health. The current study revealed that several inhibitors of protein kinases C (PKCs) possess protective activity against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Four pan-PKC inhibitors, Go 6983, bisindolylmaleimide I, enzastaurin, and sotrastaurin, reduced the replication of a SARS-CoV-2 replicon in both BHK-21 and Huh7 cells.

Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analysis reveals potential targets for heart regeneration.

Research on the regenerative capacity of the neonatal heart could open new avenues for the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI). However, the mechanism of cardiac regeneration remains unclear. In the present study, we constructed a mouse model of heart regeneration and then performed transcriptomic and proteomic analyses on them.