Small-molecule and peptide inhibitors of m6A regulators.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a reversible mRNA modification that plays important roles in malignant tumor processes. m6A modification has emerged as a significant research focus. Studies on the functions and mechanisms of m6A and its regulatory factors across various tumors have grown increasingly comprehensive and in-depth.

HBV reactivation and its management in HBV-related HCC patients undergoing HAIC-TKI-ICI therapy: A multicenter study.

This study aimed to assess hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation, its impact on prognosis, and its management in patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), who received hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) plus tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), and entecavir (HAIC+TKIs+ICIs+entecavir) treatments. Three hundred and seven patients in five centers with advanced HBV-related HCC, who received the quadruple treatment, were included. The HBV reactivation was observed in 44 (14.

Radiofrequency hyperthermia enhances the antitumor efficacy of oncolytic peptide LTX-315 in liver cancer cells by activating of cGAS-STING pathway.

Purpose: This study evaluated whether radiofrequency hyperthermia (RFH) could enhance the effects of LTX-315, an oncolytic peptide, for hepatic cancer.

Methods: experiments using rat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and experiments with HCC rat models were conducted. Treatments included (1) phosphate buffered saline, (2) RFH at 42 °C for 30 min, (3) LTX-315 alone, and (4) a combination of RFH with LTX-315.

Recompensation after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt reduces mortality risk: A long-term follow-up study.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the occurrence of recompensation after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) for patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension and its impact on mortality risk.

Methods: The clinical data of 621 cirrhotic patients who underwent TIPS creation were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were categorized into a recompensation group (n = 126) and a non-recompensation group (n = 495).

Transarterial chemoembolization plus apatinib for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase III trial.

Background: This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in combination with apatinib (TACE-apatinib) for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: This study was a multicenter, randomized, open-label, prospective, phase III trial. Patients with unresectable HCC were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either TACE-apatinib or TACE-alone treatment.

Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab Combined with or without Transarterial Chemoembolization in the Treatment of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (T+A) in combination with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) (T+A+TACE) and T+A for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Patients And Methods: From December 2020 to August 2024, 83 patients with advanced HCC who received T+A+TACE treatment or T+A treatment in our hospital were included, and these patients were categorized into TACE+T+A group (n=52) and T+A group (n=31). The clinical outcomes between the two groups were analyzed and compared, and the prognostic factors that affected the efficacy were analyzed.

Oncolytic peptide LTX-315 plus an anti-CTLA-4 antibody induces a synergistic anti-cancer immune response in residual tumors after radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Preventing tumor recurrence after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of malignant solid tumors with large size or in high-risk locations represents a great challenge. In this study, we explored the feasibility of using oncolytic peptide LTX-315 plus an anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) antibody for inhibiting residual tumors after RFA of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In in vitro experiment, the CD8T cells from Hepa1-6 tumors, after being subjected to three different treatments (control, iRFA, iRFA + LTX-315), were extracted and were then co-cultured with Hepa1-6 cells and an anti-CTLA-4 antibody.

Clinical outcomes of carotid artery stenting with open- versus closed-cell stents.

Background: The stent type may be associated with adverse events in carotid artery stenting (CAS). This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes (stroke/myocardial infarction (MI)/death) of CAS with open- and closed-cell stents for patients with carotid artery stenosis.

Methods: Between April 2012 and May 2024, the clinical data of 223 patients who underwent CAS in our center were retrospectively analyzed.

Transarterial Chemoembolization Plus Radiofrequency Ablation and Iodine-125 Seed Implantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in High-Risk Locations: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

Background & Aims: The effect of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) plus radiofrequency ablation (RFA) (TACE-RFA) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in high-risk locations is not satisfactory. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of TACE-RFA plus iodine-125 (I) seed implantation (TACE-RFA-I) therapy with those of TACE-RFA for unresectable HCC (≤5 cm) in high-risk locations.

Methods: From January 2010 to June 2023, the clinical data of 126 patients with unresectable HCC (≤5 cm) in high-risk locations who received TACE-RFA-I or TACE-RFA treatment were retrospectively analyzed.

Immunotherapy improved the efficacy of TACE or TACE plus MTTs in HCC patients: A meta-analysis.

Background: Although several studies have compared the efficacy and safety of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) without immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and TACE with ICIs, there is still a lack of meta-analysis.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched until July 2023 for studies comparing the efficacy and safety of TACE without ICIs (TACE ± molecular targeted therapies [MTTs]) and TACE without ICIs (TACE ± MTTs + ICIs). Outcomes included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and adverse events (AEs).

Change of skeletal muscle mass in cirrhotic patients with hypersplenism after partial splenic artery embolization.

Purpose: Partial splenic artery embolization (PSAE) is an effective procedure for cirrhotic patients with hypersplenism. The aim of our study is to evaluate the effect of PSAE on skeletal muscle, and to identify the predictor for an improvement in skeletal muscle index (SMI) in cirrhotic patients with hypersplenism after PSAE.

Materials And Methods: 466 cirrhotic patients with hypersplenism underwent PASE between Dec 2013 and Mar 2022.

Large-scale pretrained frame generative model enables real-time low-dose DSA imaging: An AI system development and multi-center validation study.

Background: Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) devices are commonly used in numerous interventional procedures across various parts of the body, necessitating multiple scans per procedure, which results in significant radiation exposure for both doctors and patients. Inspired by generative artificial intelligence techniques, this study proposes GenDSA, a large-scale pretrained multi-frame generative model-based real-time and low-dose DSA imaging system.

Methods: GenDSA was developed to generate 1-, 2-, and 3-frame sequences following each real frame.

Longitudinal investigation of undergraduates' radiation anxiety, interest, and career intention in interventional radiology.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of the school curriculum and on-site observation of interventional radiology (IR) operations in clinics on undergraduates' radiation anxiety, interest, and career intention.

Methods: Between the academic years 2021 and 2023, all of the fourth-year undergraduates were surveyed by questionnaires, which covered their pre-curriculum, post-curriculum in-school, and post-on-site view of IR surgeries in clinic. The survey included categories of gender, fear of X-ray and IR operation, interest in IR surgery, and career-pursuing intention.

Prognosis stratification of cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors through lung immune prognostic index: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

Background: Although numerous studies have reported the prognostic value of the lung immune prognostic index (LIPI) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), the prognostic value of the LIPI in a pancancer setting remains unclear.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted until July 2023 across the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases to identify relevant studies evaluating the prognostic value of the LIPI in cancer patients treated with ICIs. The outcomes were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and disease control rate (DCR).

Effect of probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation in dirty rats with established primary liver cancer.

The modulating effects of probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on gut flora and their direct antitumor effects remain unclear in dirty rats with established primary liver cancer. Probiotics (VSL#3), FMT or tap water were administrated to three groups. Fresh fecal samples were collected from all groups for 16S rRNA analysis.

Risk assessment of pneumothorax in colorectal lung metastases treated by percutaneous thermal ablation: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: To evaluate the risk of pneumothorax in the percutaneous image-guided thermal ablation (IGTA) treatment of colorectal lung metastases (CRLM).

Methods: Data regarding patients with CRLM treated with IGTA from five medical institutions in China from 2016 to 2023 were reviewed retrospectively. Pneumothorax and non-pneumothorax were compared using the Student's t -test, χ 2 test and Fisher's exact test.

Synergistic effect of OK-432 in combination with an anti-PD-1 antibody for residual tumors after radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background And Aims: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) often results in incomplete ablation for medium-to-large and irregular tumors. To solve this clinical problem, we proposed a new treatment strategy of OK-432 in combination with an anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (αPD-1) antibody for residual tumors after incomplete RFA (iRFA) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Approach And Results: The effect of OK-432 on immature dendritic cells (iDCs) was evaluated in vitro.

Interventional Oncolytic Immunotherapy with LTX-315 for Residual Tumor after Incomplete Radiofrequency Ablation of Liver Cancer.

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of interventional oncolytic immunotherapy with LTX-315 for residual tumors after incomplete radiofrequency ablation (iRFA) of VX2 liver tumors in a rabbit model. Methods: For in vitro experiments, VX2 tumor cells were treated with: (1) phosphate buffered saline, (2) radiofrequency hyperthermia (RFH), (3) LTX-315, and (4) RFH plus LTX-315. The residual tumors after iRFA of VX2 liver tumors were treated with: (1) phosphate buffered saline served as control, (2) 2 mg LTX-315, and (3) 4 mg LTX-315.

Application of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion in the Evaluation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Transarterial Chemoembolization.

(1) Background: To assess the efficacy of the quantitative parameters of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion-weighted imaging for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). (2) Methods: Fifty HCC patients after TACE were included and underwent MRI. All of the patients were scanned with the IVIM-DWI sequence and underwent TACE retreatment within 1 week.

Enhanced efficacy of direct immunochemotherapy for hepatic cancer with image-guided intratumoral radiofrequency hyperthermia.

Background: It is still a challenge to prevent tumor recurrence post radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of medium-to-large hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC). Immunochemotherapy, a combination of immunotherapy with chemotherapy, has demonstrated a great potential in augmenting the treatment efficacy for some malignancies. In this study, we validated the feasibility of using radiofrequency hyperthermia (RFH)-enhanced intratumoral immunochemotherapy of LTX-315 with liposomal doxorubicin for rat orthotopic HCC.

Transarterial viroembolization improves the therapeutic efficacy of immune-excluded liver cancer: Three birds with one stone.

Objective: To investigate the mechanism and efficacy of transarterial viroembolization (TAVE) with an oncolytic virus (OH2) for the treatment of liver cancer in rabbit VX2 tumor models.

Materials And Methods: Subcutaneous tumor and liver cancer models were established to determine the optimal viral titer and administration modality of OH2. Different liver cancer models were established to evaluate the locoregional tumor response, synergistic and standby effects, survival benefit, and specific antitumor immune memory after TAVE treatment.