The lung immune prognostic index stratifies the occurrence of checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients: a multi-institutional cohort study.

Background: Lung immune prognostic index (LIPI) is associated with survival outcomes in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving immunotherapy, but the association with the occurrence of checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) is unclear.

Methods: We retrospectively included 1824 patients with advanced NSCLC who received immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) at two institutions. Cox regression analysis and cumulative incidence curve were used to evaluate the predictive value of LIPI.

Extracellular volume fraction quantification by equilibrium contrast-enhanced CT via automated segmentation predicts survival outcomes in bladder cancer: a propensity score-matched study.

Background: Extracellular volume fraction (ECV) is the unoccupied space or volume of tissue that is not occupied by cells and can be used to assess the growth and invasive behavior of solid tumors. Our study aimed to investigate the ability of extracellular volume fraction in predicting the prognosis of BLCA patients.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study recruited 319 BLCA patients who underwent surgery.

Development and validation of AI-based automatic segmentation and measurement of thymus on chest CT scans.

Background: Due to the complex anatomical structure and dynamic involution process of the thymus, segmentation and evaluation of the thymus in medical imaging present significant challenges. The aim of this study is to develop a deep-learning tool "Thy-uNET" for automatic segmentation and measurement of the thymus or thymic region on chest CT imaging, and to validate its performance with multicenter data.

Materials And Methods: Utilizing the segmentation and measurement results from two experts, training of Thy-uNET was conducted on training cohort (n = 500).

Non-invasive prediction of NSCLC immunotherapy efficacy and tumor microenvironment through unsupervised machine learning-driven CT Radiomic subtypes: a multi-cohort study.

Background: Radiomics analyzes quantitative features from medical images to reveal tumor heterogeneity, offering new insights for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment prediction. This study explored radiomics based biomarkers to predict immunotherapy response and its association with the tumor microenvironment in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using unsupervised machine learning models derived from CT imaging.

Materials And Methods: This study included 1539 NSCLC patients from seven independent cohorts.

Radiomics-Based Unsupervised Clustering Identifies Subtypes Associated With Prognosis and Immune Microenvironment in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Multicenter Study.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) exhibits marked clinical heterogeneity, limiting the prognostic accuracy of traditional staging. We developed an unsupervised radiomics-based subtyping system integrating multi-omics data to decode tumor biology and improve risk stratification. Analyzing five cohorts (n = 1700, including surgical cohorts and an advanced ccRCC cohort receiving combined tyrosine kinase inhibitor and immunotherapy [T-I] treatment), we extracted 1834 CT radiomic features, applying consensus clustering to a discovery cohort (n = 748) and validating across centers.

Change of bone mineral density as a prognostic marker in small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Changes in bone mineral density (BMD) are recognized as an independent predictor of survival in a variety of diseases. However, the prognostic value of BMD in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is not well understood. This study aimed to explore the prognostic ability of change in bone mineral density (ΔBMD) on the survival of SCLC patients receiving ICIs.

Lipid accumulation product and visceral adiposity index as independent predictors of long-term survival after gastric cancer immunotherapy.

Background: Gastric cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. While immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged as promising therapies, their efficacy is hindered by the lack of robust patient-centric biomarkers. Obesity, traditionally linked to cancer risk, paradoxically correlates with improved immunotherapy responses in some cancers, termed the "obesity paradox".

Spleen Volume Dynamics and Survival Outcomes in HCC Patients Undergoing Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Retrospective Analysis.

Purpose: The spleen serves as an important immune organ which influences the anti-tumor immune response by modulating the immune microenvironment. This study investigated the prognostic impact of spleen volume (SV) on the survival in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study included 224 HCC patients treated with ICIs, categorized into Higher and Lower SV groups by median SV and further into SV increased and Non-SV increased groups based on changes in SV at 3 months after ICIs.

Association between magnetic resonance imaging-measured bone marrow cellularity and clinical outcomes among patients with cervical cancer treated with programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitors.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the prognostic value of bone marrow cellularity in the clinical outcomes of patients with cervical cancer treated with programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors.

Methods: This study retrospectively included patients with locally advanced or advanced cervical cancer receiving PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy or in combination with other therapies at Wuhan Union Hospital from May 2020 to December 2023. The mean signal intensity of the left posterior iliac bone, cerebrospinal fluid, and subcutaneous fat regions were measured on T1-weighted magnetic resonance images to calculate bone marrow cellularity.

Prognostic value of sarcopenia in patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases after drug-eluting beads transcatheter arterial chemoembolization: a single center retrospective study.

Sarcopenia is a prevalent condition in tumor patients and can potentially impact the prognosis of tumor treatment. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the correlations between sarcopenia and the prognosis of patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) received drug-eluting beads transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) therapy. From December 2018 to December 2023, unresectable CRLM patients who had already received second-line therapy from the Wuhan Union Hospital were involved in our study.

Immunotherapy improved the efficacy of TACE or TACE plus MTTs in HCC patients: A meta-analysis.

Background: Although several studies have compared the efficacy and safety of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) without immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and TACE with ICIs, there is still a lack of meta-analysis.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched until July 2023 for studies comparing the efficacy and safety of TACE without ICIs (TACE ± molecular targeted therapies [MTTs]) and TACE without ICIs (TACE ± MTTs + ICIs). Outcomes included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and adverse events (AEs).

MRI-measured periprostatic to subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness ratio as an independent risk factor in prostate cancer patients undergoing radical prostatectomy.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the periprostatic adipose tissue thickness (PPATT) is an independent prognostic factor for prostate cancer patients after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP). This retrospective cohort study included consecutive prostate cancer patients who underwent LRP treatment at Wuhan Union Hospital from June 2, 2016, to September 7, 2023. PPATT was defined as the thickness of periprostatic fat and was obtained by measuring the shortest vertical distance from the pubic symphysis to the prostate on the midsagittal T2-weighted MR images.

Association between thymus density loss and efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: Although the thymus undergoes degeneration with the advancement of age, recent studies have continuously revealed that the thymus possesses the potential for regeneration and may reverse this aging trend. Furthermore, an increasing number of studies indicate an association between thymus function and immunotherapy. Considering that lung cancer patients typically undergo chest computed tomography (CT) scans during treatment, this provides convenient conditions for us to observe thymic remodeling through imaging data.

Bone mineral density as an individual prognostic biomarker in NSCLC patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have left a deep impression in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), however, not all patients benefit from it. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of baseline bone mineral density (BMD) derived from chest computed tomography (CT) scans in NSCLC patients treated with ICIs.

Methods: This study included patients with advanced NSCLC who underwent ICI treatment at the Wuhan Union Hospital from March 2020 to October 2022.

Non-small cell lung cancer and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: does non-alcoholic fatty liver disease have an effect?

Background: Immunotherapy based on the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is one of the standard treatments for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Non-alcoholic fatty liver Disease (NAFLD) has demonstrated predictive value for response to immunotherapy in non-lung cancer types. Our study investigated the effect of NAFLD on the efficacy of real-life use of ICIs for patients with stage III / IV NSCLC.

Prognosis stratification of cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors through lung immune prognostic index: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

Background: Although numerous studies have reported the prognostic value of the lung immune prognostic index (LIPI) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), the prognostic value of the LIPI in a pancancer setting remains unclear.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted until July 2023 across the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases to identify relevant studies evaluating the prognostic value of the LIPI in cancer patients treated with ICIs. The outcomes were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and disease control rate (DCR).

The impact of pulmonary artery to ascending aorta diameter ratio progression on the prognosis of NSCLC patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: Immunotherapy, represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), is a major breakthrough in cancer treatment. Studies have reported that the use of ICIs is associated with an increase in the pulmonary artery to ascending aorta diameter (PAD/AoD) ratio. However, the impact of PAD/AoD ratio progression on the prognosis of patients is unclear.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer: the increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events and progression of coronary artery calcium.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have contributed to a significant advancement in the treatment of cancer, leading to improved clinical outcomes in many individuals with advanced disease. Both preclinical and clinical investigations have shown that ICIs are associated with atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular events; however, the exact mechanism underlying this relationship has not been clarified.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with stages III or IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at the Wuhan Union Hospital from March 1, 2020, to April 30, 2022, were included in this retrospective study.