Food traceability analysis and quality marker monitoring in Ophiocordyceps sinensis with multimodal ensemble learning.

Ophiocordyceps sinensis (OS) faces serious risks of food fraud, including quality misrepresentation, adulteration and illegal additives. To preserve the economic interests of consumers and the transparent management of food trade, so this study proposed a rapid and non-destructive detection tool to identify traceability of the growth environment and predict quality markers of OS. Colors, textures and spectra were utilized to build unimodal models, respectively.

Phytochemicals from a Desert Crop, Sand Rice (Agriophyllum squarrosum), and Their Inflammatory Activity.

Agriophyllum squarrosum (sand rice), a resilient desert plant with ecological and nutritional significance, has applications in food, forage, and traditional medicine. Despite its traditional use in China for treating inflammatory symptoms such as ophthalmia, urethritis, and oral ulcers, limited phytochemical studies restrict its pharmacological exploration. In this study, ten undescribed isoflavanone derivatives, including dihydroisoflavanones (-) and coumaronochromones (-), along with thirty-six known compounds (-), were isolated from A.

Furofuran and tetrahydrofuran lignans from Lancea tibetica.

Seven undescribed lignans, including four furofuran lignans (lanceticosides A-D) and three tetrahydrofuran lignans (lanceticosides E-G), along with seven known lignans, were isolated from the whole herb of Lancea tibetica. Their structures were elucidated by NMR spectroscopic data, HR-ESI-MS, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data and calculations, and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The application of ECD spectra in determining the absolute configuration of furofuran and tetrahydrofuran lignans has also been proposed.

Risk factors for radiation pneumonitis in NSCLC patients treated with third-generation EGFR TKIs and chest radiotherapy.

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving third-generation EGFR TKIs with thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) significantly prolong survival and also increase the incidence of radiation pneumonitis (RP). The aim of our study was to investigate the incidence and risk factors of RP in NSCLC patients receiving third-generation EGFR TKIs and TRT.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated NSCLC patients who received both third-generation EGFR TKIs and TRT at the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from January 2023 to September 2024.

Spatial metabolomics and feature-based molecular networking to unveiling in-situ quality markers landscape and reflecting geographic origins of pomegranate seeds.

Pomegranate seeds, a by-product of pomegranate processing, are gaining attention in food industries due to their high antioxidant activity. However, the lack of quality markers reflecting activity and spatial characteristics limits their utilization and product stability. In this research, a selective and sensitive method integrating ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry with feature-based molecular networking, and desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry imaging developed to identify components and locate in-situ images of quality markers via spatial metabolomics analysis.

Isolation and biomimetic synthesis of acylphloroglucinol meroterpenoids as anti-breast cancer agents from .

Two new acylphloroglucinol-nerolidol meroterpenoids (APNMs) [(±)-1 and (±)-2], with a skeleton of mixed sesquiterpene and dimeric acylphloroglucinol biosynthetic origin, were isolated from the medicinal pteridophyte . Inspired by the proposed biosynthetic pathway, we initially completed the biomimetic syntheses of eight optically active APNMs (1-8) in a one-pot domino reaction. The structures of APNMs 1-8 including their absolute configurations were unambiguously established by a combination of NMR analysis, ECD calculations, and synthetic methods.

Caffeoylquinic acids from Silphium perfoliatum L. show hepatoprotective effects on cholestatic mice by regulating enterohepatic circulation of bile acids.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The incidence of cholestatic liver disease (CLD), which is primarily marked by abnormal bile acids (BAs) metabolism and can result in significant hepatic injury, is rising. Nevertheless, there remains a lack of effective treatments and drugs in clinical practice. Silphium perfoliatum L.

Meroterpenoids with anti-triple negative breast cancer and antimicrobial activities from Arnebia euchroma.

Two new meroterpenoids, arneuchrols A and B (1 and 2), together with twelve known analogs (3-14) were isolated from the root of Arnebia euchroma. The structures of 1 and 2 including their absolute configurations were elucidated by NMR, HRESIMS, and DFT calculation of their NMR and ECD data. The structure of pseudoshikonin I, firstly isolated from Lithospermi radix was revised as shikonofuran E (4).

Highly specific GSH-triggered bifunctional molecules to enable precise imaging and targeted therapy of cancer.

The utilization of diagnostic-integrated molecules can enable targeted delivery and controlled release to significantly enhance therapeutic effectiveness and minimize toxic effects. Herein, we developed a novel class of glutathione (GSH)-activated bifunctional molecules that respond to elevated levels of GSH in tumor microenvironment. These bifunctional molecules retained the pharmacodynamic effects of parent molecules and mitigated cytotoxicity.

All-in-one nanotheranostic platform based on tumor microenvironment: new strategies in multimodal imaging and therapeutic protocol.

Conventional tumor diagnosis and treatment approaches have significant limitations in clinical application, whereas personalized theranostistic nanoplatforms can ensure advanced diagnosis, precise treatment, and even a good prognosis in cancer. Tumor microenvironment (TME)-targeted therapeutic strategies offer absolute advantages in all aspects compared to tumor cell-targeted therapeutic strategies. It is essential to create a TME-responsive all-in-one nanotheranostic platform to facilitate individualized tumor treatment.

Novel angiogenesis inhibitors with superoxide anion radical amplification effect: Surmounting the Achilles' heels of angiogenesis inhibitors and photosensitizers.

Angiogenesis inhibitors and photosensitizers are pivotal in tumor clinical treatment, yet their utilization is constrained. Herein, eleven novel angiogenesis inhibitors were developed through hybridization strategy to overcome their clinical limitations. These title compounds boast excitation wavelengths within the "therapeutic window", enabling deep tissue penetration.

Recent Advances in Signaling Pathways and Kinase Inhibitors for Leukemia Chemotherapy.

Leukemia is a malignant clonal disease of hematopoietic stem cells, which accounts for about 3% of the total incidence of tumors and is particularly prevalent among children and adolescents. It mainly includes four types of leukemia, namely ALL, AML, CLL, and CML, which are often aggressive and challenging diseases to treat. Several signaling pathways are dysregulated in almost all types of leukemia, such as JAK, PI3K, and MAPK, and others are dysregulated in specific types of leukemia, like Wnt/β-catenin, Hedgehog, FLT3, Bcr-Abl, and so on.

[Triterpenoids in Sorbus pohuashanensis suspension cell treated with yeast extract].

This study induced biological stress in Sorbus pohuashanensis suspension cell(SPSC) with yeast extract(YE) as a bio-tic elicitor and isolated and identified secondary metabolites of triterpenoids produced under stress conditions. Twenty-six triterpenoids, including fifteen ursane-type triterpenoids(1-15), two 18,19-seco-ursane-type triterpenoids(16-17), four lupine-type triterpenoids(18-21), two cycloartane-type triterpenoids(22-23), and three squalene-type triterpenoids(24-26), were isolated and purified from the methanol extract of SPSC by chromatography on silica gel, MCI, Sephadex LH-20, and MPLC. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses.

Nondestructive discrimination of Potentilla anserina L. from different production areas based on near-infrared spectroscopy.

Introduction: The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Potentilla anserina L. can use both as food and medicine. At present, the market mainly depends on experience to identify the species and determine the production areas of P.

Two New Compounds from the Endophytic Fungi of and Their Antimicrobial Activities.

Two endophytic fungi (HP-3) and (HP-7) were isolated and purified from the fresh root of . Chemical investigation of the two fungi resulted in the isolation of two new phenols 2,4-dihydroxy-3-farnesyl-5-methoxy benzoic acid () and 2-hydroxyphenethyl 2-phenylacetate (), together with 22 known compounds. Their structures were elucidated by NMR, UV, IR, HRESIMS, and comparison to the literature data.

Nondestructive rapid identification of wild Cordyceps sinensis with portable instrument.

Introduction: Cordyceps sinensis (CS) is a precious medicinal fungus. Wild CS (WCS) and artificial CS (ACS) are destroyed for their identification using traditional methods, which are time consuming and labor-intensive. Therefore, it is crucial to establish a nondestructive identification method to rapidly screen WCS.

A bifunctional agent for efficient imaging of PD-L1 and antimelanoma activity.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting PD-L1 lead to challenging patterns of efficacy and toxicity. Herein, by focusing on tracing the molecular biomarker of response to efficacy, we formulated a central hypothesis for the construction of theranostic functional monoclonal antibody incorporation with tracing ability based on fluorescence turn-on and controllable release strategies. Functional atezolizumab was constructed by in situ assembly of both biorthogonal group and controllable release group.

Discovery of intracellular self-assembly protein degraders driven by tumor-specific activatable bioorthogonal reaction.

Proteolysis Targeting Chimera (PROTAC) is a type of bifunctional chimeric molecule that can directly degrade the binding proteins through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. PROTAC has shown great potential in overcoming drug resistance and targeting undruggable targets. However, there are still many shortcomings that need to be solved urgently, including worse membrane permeability and bioavailability induced by their large molecular weight.

Discovery of novel antibody-drug conjugates bearing tissue protease specific linker with both anti-angiogenic and strong cytotoxic effects.

Bevacizumab is an FDA-approved class of monoclonal antibodies used to inhibit angiogenesis and promote normalization of blood vessels. It is usually combined with chemotherapeutic agents to treat a variety of solid tumors. However, the whole-body toxicities and toxicity associated with chemotherapy greatly limit the clinical use of this combination therapy.

Discovery of novel PROTACs based on multi-targeted angiogenesis inhibitors.

Anti-angiogenesis has been proved to be an effective strategy for the treatment of tumors. Anti-angiogenic drugs had achieved certain therapeutic effects. However, drug resistance also gradually emerged and limited the application of angiogenesis inhibitors.

New tocopherol and acylphloroglucinol derivatives from Dryopteris crassirhizoma and their antimicrobial activities.

Nine previously undescribed compounds including six tocopherol derivatives (1-6) and three acylphloroglucinol derivatives (7-9) were isolated and characterized from the plants of Dryopteris crassirhizoma. Their structures with absolute configurations were determined by extensive spectroscopic analyses, including IR, HRESIMS, NMR, and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD). Compounds 1 and 2 are the first tocopheroid derivatives possessing unique 2,5-dimethylcyclopent-4-ene-1,3-dione carbon skeleton, and compounds 3-6 were new 5a-norcyclopentenones having a spirofused bicyclic carbon skeleton.

Antimicrobial Acylphloroglucinol Meroterpenoids and Acylphloroglucinols from Dryopteris crassirhizoma.

Ten novel meroterpenoids, dryoptins/11″--dryoptins A~E (1: ~10: ) with an unprecedented skeleton consisting of dimeric or trimeric acylphloroglucinols and dehydrotheonelline, two undescribed acylphloroglucinol-nerolidol meroterpenoids (11: ~12: ), and ten known acylphloroglucinol derivatives (13: ~22: ), were isolated from . The novel structures including absolute configurations were established by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses and quantum chemical electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. A biosynthetic pathway of 1: ~10: was assumed.

Structure elucidation, biogenesis, and bioactivities of acylphloroglucinol-derived meroterpenoid enantiomers from Dryopteris crassirhizoma.

Twenty-four racemic acylphloroglucinol meroterpenoids including eighteen unusual stuctures (3 ∼ 10, 13, 14, and 17 ∼ 24), and a major component filixic acid ABA (25), were isolated from Dryopteris crassirhizoma. Structurally, the dimeric acylphloroglucinol derivatives possess unprecedented skeletons of mixed acylphloroglucinol and sesquiterpene biosynthetic origin. The stereochemistries of six reported meroterpenoids with undefined chiral centers were reassigned.

Separation of five flavone glycosides including two groups with similar polarities from Dracocephalum tanguticum by a combination of three high-speed counter-current chromatography modes.

The separation of compounds with similar polarities is challenging. In the present study, five flavone glycosides, including two groups with similar polarities, were obtained from Dracocephalum tanguticum by three high-speed counter-current chromatography modes, including flow rate conversion mode, recycling mode, and heart-cut mode. With flow rate conversion mode, compounds 3 and 4 with similar polarities and compound 5 were separated by high-speed counter-current chromatography with ethyl acetate/methanol/water (5.