Differential gene expression and immune profiling in Parkinson's disease: unveiling potential candidate biomarkers.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) represents a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a multifaceted interaction with immune infiltration. Despite a well-defined clinical diagnosis, the misdiagnosis rate of PD remains around 20%. The aim of this study is to discover new diagnostic biomarkers for PD and investigate their pathogenesis to improve early intervention and effective management of patients with PD.

Aging associated immunosenescence in rheumatoid arthritis identified by machine learning and single cell profiling.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is increasingly prevalent among older adults, who often experience more severe symptoms and face significant treatment challenges. This study aims to identify specific genes associated with aging in RA and to analyze their immune infiltration using machine learning techniques. We sourced senescent genes from the HARG database and utilized three RA patient datasets obtained from the GEO database.

A child of congenital muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy with a novel variant in the gene: a case report and literature review.

Background: Dystroglycanopathy is a genetically heterogeneous group of rare muscular dystrophies that affect the brain, muscles, and eyes, primarily resulting from impaired glycosylation of α-dystroglycan. In this study, we identify and characterize a novel heterozygous gene variant causally associated with α-dystroglycanopathy.

Case Description: We present a case of a 1-year and 5-month-old female with elevated creatine kinase (CK) levels and seizures, along with global developmental delay, microphthalmia, hypotonia, and myasthenia.

Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy approach reveals quantitative signatures for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a critical global health challenge, and current histopathological diagnosis relies heavily on hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining-a widely adopted clinical tool for assessing tissue morphology. However, H&E staining alone cannot provide quantitative data for diagnosis of tumor samples. Poorly differentiated or unclear lesions are difficult to distinguish.

CD317 functions as a key antiviral factor in human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infection.

Unlabelled: CD317, an interferon-stimulated gene, is known for its role in inhibiting the release of various enveloped viruses from infected cells. However, its function can vary, as it also promotes infection in certain contexts, such as with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and HCMV are both classified within the β-herpesvirus subfamily.

A CMTM6 Nanobody Overcomes EGFR-TKI Resistance in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Aberrant EGFR signaling drives non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development, and despite the success of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapies in treating NSCLC, TKI resistance remains a major obstacle. Here, we report that the chemokine-like transmembrane protein CMTM6 is physically associated with EGFR. CMTM6 is shown to be co-localized with EGFR in recycling endosomes that are marked by RAB11, thereby preventing EGFR from lysosome-mediated degradation in NSCLC cells.

Mitigating Jahn-Teller Effect of Mn-Based Layered Oxide Cathodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries by Regulation of Coordination Chemistry.

P2-type Mn-based layered oxide cathode materials are competitive candidates for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), which are expected to be widely used in large-scale electrochemical energy storage applications due to their easy availability. However, MnO octahedra centered around Mn are inclined to adverse phase transitions and lattice oxygen loss under high operating voltages, which markedly compromise the capacity and cycling stability. Here, a configurational entropy tuning strategy was proposed to optimize the P2-type NaLiMgMnO (LMM) cathode.

Multiphoton-Excited Upconversion Luminescence and Amplified Spontaneous Emission from Te-Doped CsSnCl Nanocrystals.

High-order nonlinear multiphoton absorption (MPA) is technologically important for a variety of photonic and biological applications owing to its superior advantages over linear absorption and low-order MPA such as greater spatial confinement, larger penetration depth, reduced autofluorescence, and enhanced imaging resolution. However, practical implementation beyond three-photon processes remains notoriously difficult due to the sharp reduction of absorption cross sections with increasing nonlinearity and inherent material instability under high-density irradiation. Herein, we address these challenges through rationally designed Te-doped CsSnCl nanocrystals (NCs), which demonstrate wideband nonlinear responsiveness across 800-2600 nm, allowing achievement of two- to seven-photon absorption (PA) with cross sections outperforming conventional nonlinear optical materials.

A network pharmacological target mendelian randomization study on the neuroprotective effects of active ingredients in mahuang fuzi xixin decoction for multiple sclerosis.

Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Decoction (MFX), a traditional Chinese medicine containing 44 volatile components (97.36% total oil), includes key compounds like α-terpenol (13.34%) and 1,2,3-trimethoxy-5-methyl-benzene (22.

Bioinduced phosphorus precipitation in granular sludge undergoing denitrifying biological phosphorus removal: Phosphorus recovery from sewage as hydroxyapatite.

Recovering phosphorus from mainstream wastewater treatment systems by leveraging microbial metabolism without the addition of extra chemicals effectively streamlines the steps involved in phosphorus recovery from low-strength wastewater, thereby increasing the economic feasibility of the phosphorus recovery process. Hydroxyapatite (HAP, Ca(PO)OH) can be formed directly via bioinduction in biological treatment systems, serving as a potential substitute for phosphate rock. HAP formation in sewage with low phosphate and Ca concentrations is challenging.

Preference-independent saliency map in the mouse superior colliculus.

Detecting salient stimuli in a visual scene is crucial for animal survival, yet how the brain encodes visual saliency remains unclear. Here, using two-photon calcium imaging, we reveal a preference-independent saliency map in the superficial superior colliculus of awake mice. Salient stimuli evoke stronger responses than uniform stimuli in both excitatory and inhibitory neurons, with similar encoding patterns across both cell types.

Metabolomics analysis of osmotic tolerance enhancement mechanism of wheat gluten peptides on industrial yeast.

Plant-derived wheat gluten peptides have an effective protective ability on industrial yeast against osmotic stress, the enhancement mechanism of osmotic tolerance in yeast by wheat gluten peptides addition was clarified in this study. Results showed that wheat gluten peptides addition increased the intracellular pH and trehalose levels of yeast under osmotic stress, compared to the control. Furthermore, peptides supplementation could regulate the antioxidant defense system and reduce the reactive oxygen species accumulation in yeast, including the increase of intracellular glutathione levels and the activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase and glutathione peroxidase.

Carbon Dot-Linked Hydrogel for TAMs Transform: Spatiotemporal Manipulation to Reshape Tumor Microenvironment.

As one of the most crucial immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), regulating tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) is vital for enhancing antitumor immunity. Here, an injectable carbon dots (CDs)-linked egg white hydrogel was developed, termed TAMs Transform Factory (TTF-L-C), to spatiotemporally manipulate TAMs. The fabricated CDs significantly promoted macrophage migration.

Design of NanoBiT-Nanobody-based FGL1 biosensors for early assisted diagnosis of esophageal cancer.

Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related mortality due in part to challenges in early diagnosis. Biomarker identification is crucial for improved early screening and treatment strategies for patients. Firstly, we employed serum proteomics techniques to screen for potential biomarkers in 15 early-stage EC patients and 5 healthy individuals.

Contact electrocatalysis-based synthesis of multimetal catalysts for the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction.

Hydrogen energy has garnered considerable attention as a clean and sustainable alternative to fossil fuels in the global pursuit of carbon neutrality. Cost-effective hydrogen production requires the development of efficient and scalable water-splitting catalysts. In this regard, herein, we use ultrasonically driven contact electrocatalysis method to synthesize multimetal hydroxide catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER).

Population coding of predator imminence in the hypothalamus.

Hypothalamic VMHdm neurons are activated by predator cues and are necessary and sufficient for instinctive defensive responses. However, such data do not distinguish which features of a predator encounter are encoded by VMHdm neural activity. To address this issue, we imaged VMHdm neurons at single-cell resolution in freely behaving mice exposed to a natural predator in varying contexts.

Synthesis and bioactivity of cyclic peptide GG-8-6 analogues as anti-hepatocellular carcinoma agents.

GG-8-6, a cyclic peptide with effective anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity in vitro and in vivo, was synthesized based on the lead compound Grifficyclocin B, which was isolated from the plants of Goniothalamus species (Annonaceae family). Based on the previous study, we synthesized 17 analogues of GG-8-6 to find better potential and higher-yield cyclopeptides. Among these analogues, nine increased their yield compared to GG-8-6, and compound 1 reached a high yield of 14.

Efficient Separation of Dibranched Hexane from its Linear and Monobranched Isomers via the Synergistic Molecular Sieving and Pore Shape-Matching Strategy.

The efficient separation of dibranched hexane from its linear and monobranched isomers is crucial but challenging for the production of high-RON (Research Octane Number) gasoline. Here, a strategy is presented to realize the efficient separation of high-purity (99.8%) dibranched 2,2-dimethylbutane from a ternary mixture of n-hexane/3-methylpentane/2,2-dimethylbutane by combining the sieving aperture and shape-matching cavity within the ultramicroporous metal-organic framework, ZnO(NTB) (HNTB = 4,4',4″-Nitrilotrisbenzoic acid).

Advances of functional nucleic acids based on specific recognition:A review.

Nucleic acids, which are fundamental to living organisms, play a crucial role in carrying and transmitting genetic information. Advances in molecular biology have led to the exploration of functional nucleic acids (FNAs), including aptamers, DNAzymes, and G-quadruplexes, known for specific recognition or catalysis. FNAs with high specificity, sequence programmability, modification ease and biocompatibility, have extensive applications in biosensing, environmental monitoring, drug delivery and cancer diagnosis.

Updated review of research on the role of the gut microbiota and microbiota-derived metabolites in acute pancreatitis progression and inflammation-targeted therapy.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is characterized by autodigestion of the pancreas, and some patients may rapidly progress to systemic inflammation, pancreatic necrosis, and multi-organ failure. Numerous studies have detailed the bidirectional communication networks between the pancreas and the intestinal microbiota, as well as its metabolites. Such crosstalk affects the progression of AP and recovery through intestinal barrier disruption.

Screening and preparation of nanobodies for SIGLEC-15 detection.

As an important member of the Siglec family, SIGLEC-15 plays an important role in osteoclast differentiation, bone remodeling, and tumor immune evasion. In the tumor microenvironment, SIGLEC-15 functions independently of the B7-H1/PD-1 pathway. In this study, the SIGLEC-15 fusion protein (SIGLEC-15-Fc) was successfully expressed and purified using a eukaryotic expression system.

Structural insights into the LGR4-RSPO2-ZNRF3 complexes regulating WNT/β-catenin signaling.

WNT/β-catenin signaling plays key roles in development and cancer. ZNRF3/RNF43 modulates Frizzleds through ubiquitination, dampening WNT/β-catenin signaling. Conversely, RSPO1-4 binding to LGR4-6 and ZNRF3/RNF43 enhances WNT/β-catenin signaling.

alkyl quinolone response is dampened by .

Unlabelled: The bacterium is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause lung, skin, wound, joint, urinary tract, and eye infections. While is known to exhibit a robust competitive response toward other bacterial species, this bacterium is frequently identified in polymicrobial infections where multiple species survive. For example, in prosthetic joint infections, can be identified along with other pathogenic bacteria including , , and .

Ensuring egg safety: Salmonella survival, control, and virulence in the supply chain.

Salmonella contamination of eggs is a global food safety concern, producers, regulatory authorities, and affecting public health. To mitigate Salmonella risks on-farm and along the supply chain, egg producers have adopted various quality assurance, animal husbandry, and biosecurity practices recommended by organizations such as Australian eggs, the European Commission, and the US Department of Agriculture (USDA). However, egg storage requirements vary significantly worldwide.