Brain-Inspired In-Memory Data Pruning and Computing with TaO Mem-Selectors.

The selective attention mechanisms inherent in the human visual system provide a promising framework for developing edge systems that can simultaneously prune and process critical information from visual input. However, conventional complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor-based edge vision systems rely on complex digital logic for data pruning, alongside the physical separation of pruning, memory, and processing. This increases both power consumption and latency.

Mechanical enhancements and structural simulation of reactive poly(ethylene glycol) and cellulose nanocrystals to polyacrylamide hydrogels.

Hydrogels have gained increasing attentions on account of their "soft and wet" nature, but the inherent low mechanical performance and poor structural stability severely limits their practical application. Herein, a hybrid method was developed to achieve the reinforcement of polyacrylamide (PAM) based on grafting with polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (PEGDE) and combination with amination-modified cellulose nanocrystals (ACNCs). By constructing the PEGDE and MBAA dually cross-linked PAM hydrogel, its energy dissipation efficiency was increased by 4.

Exploring the Importance of ZBP1 in Sepsis: A Mini Review on It's Mechanisms and Progress.

Sepsis is defined as a severe systemic inflammation, often triggered by an infection, resulting in organ dysfunction and mortality. In recent years, ZBP1 (Z-DNA binding protein 1) has garnered significant attention as a critical immune regulatory factor in the pathogenesis of sepsis. This article aims to comprehensively explore the mechanisms by which ZBP1 operates in sepsis and summarize the relevant research progress.

Glutathionylation-mediated degradation of a cap-binding protein enhances Arabidopsis resistance to Plutella xylostella.

The lepidopteran insect pest diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) causes severe yield losses in cruciferous plants worldwide; therefore, there is an urgent need to characterize the genes for resistance to P. xylostella in plants and decipher their mechanisms. We previously demonstrated that inactivating NOVEL CAP-BINDING PROTEIN (NCBP), also known as RESISTANCE TO PLUTELLA XYLOSTELLA (RPX1), enhanced Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) resistance to P.

APOBEC3C-Mediated NF-κB Activation Promotes Malignant Progression of Gliomas.

Objective: To analyze the clinicopathological features, immunological characteristics, and prognostic value of APOBEC3C in gliomas, and to verify the specific mechanism by which it mediates the malignant progression of gliomas.

Methods: mRNA-seq data from 693 glioma patients in the CGGA database and 697 glioma patients in the TCGA were analyzed, respectively. In addition, single-cell sequencing data were obtained from the CGGA database.

Curcumin supplementation accelerates high-altitude acclimatization, prevents polycythemia and modulates gut microbiota in male Han population: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Previous evidence showed that curcumin enhanced the oxygen supply efficiency of hemoglobin and alleviated acute plateau hypoxia injury in animal models. However, its efficacy on human beings is not yet verified. This study aimed to assess the effects of curcumin supplementation on hypoxia injury and gut microbiota in the male Han population.

The sex-specific effects of sodium alginate with varying viscosities on lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in rats.

Background: Sodium alginate (SA), a dietary fiber, is known to influence lipid metabolism and gut microbiota. However, its long-term effects of viscosity/dose and sex-specific differences remain underexplored. This study investigates the impact of SA with different viscosities and doses on lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in 120 male and female Sprague-Dawley rats over 90 days.

Assessment of the rat acute oral toxicity of quinoline-based pharmaceutical scaffold molecules using QSTR, q-RASTR and machine learning methods.

Quinoline is a common pharmaceutical scaffold molecule known for its wide range of biological and pharmacological activities, including antimalarial, antitumor, and antibacterial effects. With the continuous discovery of new bioactivities, there is a growing demand for the design and development of novel quinoline-based drugs. However, drug development is time-consuming and costly, and traditional toxicity testing methods such as animal experiments are resource-intensive.

Continuous-time digital twin with analog memristive neural ordinary differential equation solver.

Digital twins, which replicate real-world entities through computational models, are transforming manufacturing and automation. While recent advances in machine learning have enabled data-driven digital twin development using discrete-time data and finite-depth models on digital hardware, these approaches face significant limitations. They struggle to capture continuous-time dynamics and model complex systems, and suffer from substantial time and energy overheads due to physically separated storage and processing as well as frequent analog-digital (A/D) conversions.

Neuromodulation of Cerebral Blood Flow: A Physiological Mechanism and Methodological Review of Neurovascular Coupling.

Neurovascular coupling (NVC) refers to the dynamic regulation of cerebral blood flow via neuronal activity, a mechanism crucial for maintaining normal brain function. This review elucidates the intricate physiological mechanisms underlying NVC, emphasizing the coordinated roles of neurons, glial cells, and vascular cells in mediating activity-induced changes in blood flow. We examine how NVC is impaired in neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and stroke, where the dysfunction of this coupling contributes to neurodegeneration and neurological deficits.

Hurricane Ida's blackout-heatwave compound risk in a changing climate.

The emerging tropical cyclone (TC)-blackout-heatwave compound risk under climate change is not well understood. In this study, we employ projections of TCs, sea level rise, and heatwaves, in conjunction with power system resilience modeling, to evaluate historical and future TC-blackout-heatwave compound risk in Louisiana, US. We find that the return period for a compound event comparable to Hurricane Ida (2021), with approximately 35 million customer hours of simultaneous power outage and heatwave exposure in Louisiana, is around 278 years in the historical climate of 1980-2005.

Poly(lactide acid)-based microneedles enhanced by tunicate cellulose nanocrystals for potential diabetic periodontitis treatment.

Diabetic periodontitis, characterized by persistent inflammation and impaired periodontal tissue regeneration under hyperglycemic conditions, urgently requires innovative therapeutic strategies. Microneedle (MN) technique has recently emerged as a promising solution for diabetic periodontitis by enabling minimally invasive and localized drug delivery. In this study, we developed poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-based MNs reinforced with PLA-grafted tunicate cellulose nanocrystals (TCNC-g-PLA@PLA-MNs), demonstrating favorable mechanical strength and biocompatibility.

Risk-aware electricity dispatch with large-scale distributed renewable integration under climate extremes.

Distribution networks, with large-scale integration of distributed renewable resources, particularly rooftop solar photovoltaic systems, represent the most extensive yet vulnerable components of modern electric power systems during climate extremes such as hurricanes. However, existing day-ahead electricity dispatch approaches primarily focus on the transmission network and lack the capability to manage the spatiotemporal risks associated with the vast distribution networks, which can potentially lead to significant power imbalances due to the mismatches between scheduled generation and actual demand. To address this increasingly critical gap under intensifying climate extremes and growing distributed renewable integration, we introduce Risk-aware Electricity Dispatch under Climate Extremes with Renewable integration (REDUCER), a risk-aware day-ahead electricity dispatch model that incorporates high-resolution spatiotemporal risk analysis for distribution networks with large-scale distributed renewable integration into an Entropic Value-at-Risk-constrained mixed-integer convex optimization framework.

Effects of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and postbiotics on pediatric asthma: a systematic review.

Background: Pediatric asthma, a prevalent chronic disease with rising global incidence, imposing substantial healthcare and socioeconomic burdens. Emerging evidence highlights the gut-lung axis as a pivotal therapeutic target, with microbiota dysbiosis implicated in immune dysregulation and airway hyperresponsiveness. This systematic review evaluated the efficacy and safety of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics in pediatric asthma management.

The JAK1/STAT3 pathway mediates the effects of SERPINH1 on glioma EMT.

Glioma is marked by swift cell proliferation, extensive invasion and poor outcomes. Serine protease inhibitor H1 (SERPINH1) encoding heat shock protein 47, a collagen-specific molecular chaperone, plays a role in a number of cancers. However, its definite role in glioma remains unclear.

Tunable Bipolar Photothermoelectric Response from Mott Activation for In-Sensor Image Preprocessing.

In-sensor image preprocessing, a subset of edge computing, offers a solution to mitigate frequent analog-digital conversions and the von Neumann bottleneck in conventional digital hardware. However, an efficient in-sensor device array with large-scale integration capability for high-density and low-power sensory processing is still lacking and highly desirable. This work introduces an adjustable broadband photothermoelectric detector based on a phase-change vanadium dioxide thin-film transistor.

Prevalence and risk factors of depression in rural Chinese hemodialysis patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multicenter cross-sectional study.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of depression among maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients in rural China during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 14 hemodialysis centers in northern Guangdong Province from April to October 2021. Depression was evaluated using the Self-Rating Depression Scale.

Topology optimization of random memristors for input-aware dynamic SNN.

Machine learning has advanced unprecedentedly, exemplified by GPT-4 and SORA. However, they cannot parallel human brains in efficiency and adaptability due to differences in signal representation, optimization, runtime reconfigurability, and hardware architecture. To address these challenges, we introduce pruning optimization for input-aware dynamic memristive spiking neural network (PRIME).

Effects of nitrate supplements on cardiopulmonary fitness at high altitude: A meta-analysis of nine randomized controlled trials.

Background: Nitrate is a dietary intervention commonly used to enhance exercise capacity, including cardiopulmonary fitness, yet its effectiveness has been recently questioned at high altitudes. This meta-analysis systematically evaluates the effects of dietary nitrate supplements on cardiopulmonary fitness at high altitude, as reflected in the biomarker of cardiopulmonary fitness, paving the way for informed dietary strategies.

Methods: We conducted a systematic assessment and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to examine the effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on biomarkers of cardiorespiratory health at high altitude.

Clinicopathological Analysis of Patients with Isolated Hematuria and/or Mild Proteinuria.

Objective: This investigation aimed to explore the clinicopathological features of patients with isolated hematuria and/or mild proteinuria in kidney disease.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of the clinical and pathological information of patients initially diagnosed with chronic nephritis syndrome in the Nephrology Department of Yuebei People's Hospital.

Results: In total, 227 participants were recruited for the study, including 79 patients (34.

Diagnostic value of color Doppler ultrasound combined with blood inflammatory markers in threatened abortion and pregnancy outcomes in early pregnancy.

BackgroundThreatened abortion is a general complication during pregnancy.PurposeTo analyze the predictive effect of color Doppler ultrasound (CDUS) combined with blood inflammatory markers in threatened abortion and pregnancy outcomes in early pregnancy.Material and MethodsUterine artery blood flow parameters, blood inflammatory marker levels, influencing factors of threatened abortion and pregnancy outcomes, and predictive value of CDUS combined with blood inflammation markers for threatened abortion and pregnancy outcomes were analyzed.

Reinforcement learning-based adaptive strategies for climate change adaptation: An application for coastal flood risk management.

Conventional computational models of climate adaptation frameworks inadequately consider decision-makers' capacity to learn, update, and improve decisions. Here, we investigate the potential of reinforcement learning (RL), a machine learning technique that efficaciously acquires knowledge from the environment and systematically optimizes dynamic decisions, in modeling and informing adaptive climate decision-making. We consider coastal flood risk mitigations for Manhattan, New York City, USA (NYC), illustrating the benefit of continuously incorporating observations of sea-level rise into systematic designs of adaptive strategies.

Quantifying cascading power outages during climate extremes considering renewable energy integration.

Climate extremes, such as hurricanes, combined with large-scale integration of environment-sensitive renewables, could exacerbate the risk of widespread power outages. We introduce a coupled climate-energy model for cascading power outages, which comprehensively captures the impacts of climate extremes on renewable generation, and transmission and distribution networks. The model is validated with the 2022 Puerto Rico catastrophic blackout during Hurricane Fiona - a unique system-wide blackout event with complete records of weather-induced outages.

Mobile schwannomas of the spine: Diagnostic and surgical considerations of two cases.

Mobile schwannomas, or schwann cell tumors, are rare, but their ability to migrate within the spinal canal complicates diagnosis and treatment. We report two cases of mobile schwannomas in the lower thoracic and lumbar spine, both presenting with intermittent low back and leg pain and leg numbness. MRIs revealed cystic masses that shifted positions over time, eventually causing disruptive pain that prompted surgical intervention.

Causality of blood metabolites on hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma: a metabolome-wide mendelian randomization study.

Background: Reportedly, there is an association between body metabolites and the risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) & Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), possibly due to disrupted metabolic pathways leading to oxidative stress and an imbalance in cell proliferation and apoptosis, thereby increasing the risk of cancer. However, whether metabolites play a role in the onset of HCC or CCA remains inconclusive.

Objective: The aim of our study is to explore the potential causal relationship between metabolites and the risk of HCC&CCA.