Visible-light photoredox catalysis for vinyl sulfone construction sulfoxonium ylide alkynylation.

Herein, a visible-light-driven synthesis of 1,4-dicarbonyl vinyl sulfones sulfoxonium ylide homocoupling forming CC bonds, followed by sulfonyl hydrazide alkenylation is disclosed. Mechanistic studies support a sequential single-electron transfer (SET) and radical addition pathway. The method offers a sustainable alternative to conventional alkyne functionalization strategies.

Effects of Nanofibrillar Nucleating Agent and Process Conditions on the Crystallization Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Isotactic Polypropylene.

Nanofibers, as nucleating agents, can significantly alter the nucleation and growth dynamics of polymer crystallization, thereby modulating the morphology and structure of crystals to enhance mechanical performance of the materials. In this study, the effects of nanofibrillar nucleating agent 1,3:2,4-di(3,4-dimethylbenzylidene) sorbitol (DMDBS) content, melting temperature, and injection speed on the crystallization behavior and mechanical performance of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) were systematically investigated. The incorporation of DMDBS significantly increased the number of iPP nuclei, reduced crystal size and raised the onset crystallization temperature by approximately 11 °C.

Centipedegrass [Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack.] EoPGP1 is involved in auxin transport and modifies plant architecture.

Centipedegrass [Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack.] is the best warm-season grass that originated from China with high ornamental value, but with a large leaf angle and long internode, the density of centipedegrass is low, which limits the application of centipedegrass. To improve the density of centipedegrass, novel genes that are involved in plant architecture need to be identified and interpreted.

Nonemissive Ruthenium Complexes for Near Infrared-II Photodynamic, Photothermal, Sonodynamic, and Sonothermal Therapy Against Drug-Resistant Cancer.

Nine nonemissive Ru(II) complexes have been designed for synergistic NIR-II (1064 nm) photodynamic, photothermal, sonodynamic, and sonothermal therapy targeting cisplatin-resistant nonsmall cell lung cancer. Their quantum yields of singlet oxygen and superoxide anions are significantly elevated under low-power NIR-II laser irradiation or ultrasound treatment. The selected complex completely eradicated drug-resistant lung cancer tumors in all tested mice when treated simultaneously with NIR-II laser and ultrasound at a minimal drug dosage in vivo and was promptly eliminated from the organism.

Functional androgen signaling pathway potentiates maternal-fetal interactions------ implantation, placentation and early pregnancy maintenance.

A growing body of evidence demonstrates that androgens play crucial roles in female reproductive physiology. Androgen receptor (AR) expression appears at all levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and other female reproductive organ or tissue such as uterus, placenta and immune system. Via AR-mediated mechanisms, androgens regulate key reproductive processes including follicular development, embryo implantation, placental formation, and pregnancy maintenance.

Cytokine Storm Induction Linked to Multi-Organ Failure in Fatal Jellyfish Stings.

Fatal jellyfish stings often cause multi-organ failure. Until now, these fatal outcomes are attributed to the direct toxic effects of the venom. Here, a mouse model of delayed jellyfish envenomation syndrome (DJES) is established and showed that venom from Nemopilema nomurai jellyfish can trigger a deadly cytokine storm - a severe inflammatory reaction.

Cycloaddition of bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes with enamides for the efficient synthesis of 2-amino-bicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes.

Here, we develop a mild and scalable approach for the synthesis of 2-amino-bicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes Lewis acid-catalyzed (3+2) cycloaddition of bicyclo[1.

Multiproperty Deep Learning of the Correlation Energy of Electrons and the Physicochemical Properties of Molecules.

The density-based descriptors from the information-theoretic approach (ITA) are used as features for multiproperty deep learning (DL), predicting the correlation energy and physicochemical properties of molecules. In addition to response properties (molecular polarizability α and NMR shielding constant σ) where ITA has been shown to work well before, we consider four conceptually distinct but practically related concepts: electron correlation, redox potential, octanol-water partition coefficient (log), and the wavelength of maximum absorption (λ). The DL-predicted results are in good agreement with either the calculated or experimental counterparts, indicative of the model's robustness.

The relationship between insulin resistance and recurrent pregnancy loss in assisted reproductive technology: A retrospective case-control study.

This study aimed to investigate the association between insulin resistance (IR) and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) in patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART). A retrospective analysis compared glucose and insulin indices (including fasting insulin [FINS], Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance [HOMA-IR], Homeostatic Model Assessment for Beta-Cell Function [HOMA-β], and area under the curve for insulin [AUCI] between RPL (n = 279) and non-RPL (n = 246) groups. Adjusted logistic regression models evaluated the correlation between IR-related indices and RPL risk.

Neuromodulation of Cerebral Blood Flow: A Physiological Mechanism and Methodological Review of Neurovascular Coupling.

Neurovascular coupling (NVC) refers to the dynamic regulation of cerebral blood flow via neuronal activity, a mechanism crucial for maintaining normal brain function. This review elucidates the intricate physiological mechanisms underlying NVC, emphasizing the coordinated roles of neurons, glial cells, and vascular cells in mediating activity-induced changes in blood flow. We examine how NVC is impaired in neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and stroke, where the dysfunction of this coupling contributes to neurodegeneration and neurological deficits.

Potential inhibitors of metalloproteinases (MMPs) and phospholipases from Nemopilema nomurai jellyfish peptides: An in-silico pharmacokinetics and molecular docking studies.

Jellyfish stings, especially from Nemopilema nomurai, pose serious health risks due to its venom toxins like metalloproteinases (MMPs) and phospholipases A2 (PLAs A2). Thes toxin can induce severe reactions such as pain, tissue necrosis, inflammation, and in extreme cases, cardiac arrest. While the exact mechanisms of toxicity are not fully understood, MMPs and PLA2 enzymes are known to contribute significantly to tissue damage and inflammation.

Optimizing lymph node evaluation in colorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma: a multicenter and population-based study.

Background: While the currently recommended minimum number of examined lymph nodes (ELNs) for colorectal cancer is 12, the applicability of this standard to colorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma (MAC), a distinct tumor entity with high metastatic potential, remains controversial. This study aimed to establish and validate the optimal ELN threshold during surgery to achieve superior survival outcomes of MAC patients.

Methods: Data from 21 Chinese medical institutions and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models to identify prognostic factors affecting MAC patient outcomes.

Genome assembly of based on metagenomic next-generation sequencing reveals its genomic characteristics in population genetics and molecular epidemiology.

Introduction: , a significant member of the complex, has emerged as a potential pathogen in clinical settings. Despite extensive research on the complex, the pathogenicity and drug resistance of the complex remain understudied, particularly regarding the reconstruction of whole genomes from metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) data.

Methods: In this study, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from a 55-year-old woman with a suspected right lung infection in Anhui Province, China, was analyzed using mNGS.

Anti-Infective Polyurethane Dressings via Ultrafast Laser Micro/Nanostructuring.

Bacteria-associated wound infections lead to life-threatening complications such as systemic inflammatory response (SIRS) or septic shock. Even though affordable and permeable polyurethane (PU) dressings are widely used in clinical practice, their pure shielding function appears ineffective for contaminated wounds. Herein, an ultrafast laser is utilized to fabricate micro/nanostructures in PU dressings to significantly enhance drug loading capacity.

Interface self-assembly preparation of Nylon66-Ag for monitoring of HO and AA in serum.

Monitoring the redox status in vivo is important for maintaining redox homeostasis and understanding related pathological processes. In this study, based on an interfacial self-assembly method, a silver-coated nylon film (Nylon66-Ag) was prepared as a SERS substrate and a single-molecule specific SERS probe, 2-mercapto-1,4-diphenol (2-MHQ), was modified on the silver nanoparticles for sensitive detection of HO and AA in human serum. Remarkably, this method, without the introduction of internal standard signaling molecules, only one Raman signaling reporter molecule, 2-MHQ, was able to sensitively detect HO and AA, and thus monitor the redox reactions in human serum, with LODs as low as 4.

Selective dissolution as a tool for detecting spatial variations in the metastability within lamellar polymer crystals.

The dissolution of polymer crystals often proceeds at rates varying in time and space. Here, using low molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide) as a model polymer, we exploit step-wise selective dissolution for unveiling how spatial variations in metastability are generated during the growth of lamellar polymer single crystals. The dissolution velocity along defined crystal faces is constant, but ca.

Tailoring foaming behavior of poly(lactic acid) by different geometric sizes of bio-based polyamide.

Naturally derived materials have attracted much attention owing to the demand of sustainability. In this work, bio-based polyamide was used to tailor the foaming behavior of poly(lactic acid) by dispersing into different geometric sizes. The results showed that both micro-sized spherical and fibrillar polyamide markedly shortened the half-crystallization time of poly(lactic acid) in isothermal crystallization process, while nanofibrils played a better role on promoting crystallization than submicron spheres.

Baicalein antagonises Rhopilema esculentum toxin-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis by modulating ROS-MAPK-NF-κB and inhibiting PLA activity.

The toxicity of jellyfish Rhopilema esculentum (R. esculentum), an edible jellyfish that releases venom, has been controversial. The aim of this comprehensive study was to investigate the toxic effects of jellyfish tentacle extract (TE), which was evaluated in vivo and in vitro using ICR mice and RAW264.

pH-Adjusted Liquid SERS Approach: Toward a Reliable Plasma-Based Early Stage Lung Cancer Detection.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) provides a rapid and nondestructive method for biological plasma analysis, offering unparalleled sensitivity and specificity. However, most current studies predominantly employ the drop-cast method, where liquid samples are dried on the SERS substrate for spectral recording. While effective, this method is both time-consuming and inconsistent.

Transport of particulate mercury along the reservoir- downstream - estuary continuum during the water-sediment regulation scheme period of Yellow River in 2018.

As an important link of mercury (Hg) migration and transformation from land to ocean, rivers have been significantly influenced by anthropogenic activities, resulting in unpredictable environmental influences on the basin and offshore areas. In this study, the particulate Hg content of sediments in Xiaolangdi Reservoir (XLDR), Lijin Hydrological Station, and the Yellow River estuarine area during the water-sediment regulation scheme (WSRS) period in 2018 were analyzed, the characteristics and influencing factors of particulate Hg transport were explored. Our results revealed that the transport flux of particulate Hg into the sea during WSRS was 8.

Lithium-Rich Layered Oxide Cathode Materials Modified for Lithium-Ion Batteries by CoS of a 3D Rock Salt Structure Assisted by PVP.

The problem of rapid degradation of the operating voltage and discharge specific capacity of lithium-rich layered oxide (LRMs) cathode materials is a major constraint for their commercial application. In this paper, CoS coating with a 3D layered structure assisted by PVP is used to enhance the cycle life and rate performance of the LRMs material. The introduction of PVP has the following effects: (1) it reduces the solubility of CoS in the electrolyte solution and forms a stable CoS coating, and (2) it acts as a nitrogen-containing carbon matrix material and the heteroatomic dopant, and can provide more active sites to improve the conductivity of CoS.

Carbon-Coated Coaxial Cable-like ZnO@SiO@C for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Battery Anode Materials.

The practical applications of SiO anode material are limited by large volume changes and poor electronic conductivity. To reduce the effects of these problems, a carbon-coated coaxial cable-like ZnO@SiO@C composite material was prepared. ZnO has a certian electronic conductivity and an electrochemical activity, and the carbon layer can alleviate the volume variation of SiO, effectively improving the electronic conductivity and structural stability.

Characterisation of the volatile compounds in nine varieties and three breeding selections of celery using GC-IMS and GC-MS.

Celery ( L.) is a popular vegetable crop planted worldwide. In this study, the volatile compound characteristics of three var.

Waxberry-like TiO with Synergistic Surface Modification of Pyrolytic Carbon Coating and Carbon Nanotubes as an Anode for Li-Ion Battery.

Titanium dioxide (TiO) as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has the advantages of tiny volume expansion, high operating voltage, and outstanding safety performance. However, due to the low conductivity of TiO and the slow diffusion rate of lithium ions (Li), it is limited in the application of LIBs. Therefore, waxberry-like TiO comodified by pyrolytic carbon coating and carbon nanotubes was prepared in this work.