MiR-491-5p Targets B4GalT5 to Alleviate Airway Inflammation and Remodeling in Asthma by Regulating Pulmonary Oxidative Stress.

Background: MicroRNA-491-5p (miR-491-5p) is a key regulator of cell proliferation and inflammation, but its role in asthma pathogenesis remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the mechanistic involvement of miR-491-5p in airway remodeling and inflammation, focusing on its downstream target, B4GalT5, and oxidative stress pathways.

Methods: MicroRNA sequencing of airway smooth muscle (ASM) tissues from asthma patients revealed significant downregulation of miR-491-5p, and bioinformatic prediction combined with dual-luciferase reporter assays identified B4GalT5 as a direct downstream target.

Bioinformatics Analysis and Identification of Ferroptosis-Related Gene TIMP1 as a Potential Biomarker of Asthma.

Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by multiple pathophysiological mechanisms. Ferroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death. Studies have shown that ferroptosis may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of asthma.

A new modified endoscopic evaluation system and its diagnostic accuracy of adenoid hypertrophy in children.

Background: In recent years, nasopharyngeal endoscopy has been widely used in the diagnosis of adenoid hypertrophy. A novel, modified evaluation system was introduced to investigate the correlation between adenoid hypertrophy and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), including ear complications. The diagnostic efficacy of this system was based on and compared with three commonly employed endoscopic adenoid hypertrophy evaluation systems.

A study on the spatial distribution and driving factors of traditional villages-a case study of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in China.

Traditional villages encompass abundant cultural resources, possessing significant humanistic and socio-economic value. This study used ArcGIS 10.8 and GeoDa software, took "Chinese Traditional Villages" as the research object, and analyzed their spatial autocorrelation and spatial heterogeneity through methods such as nearest neighbor analysis, Moran's Index, and kernel density estimation.

Deletion of METTL14, a key methylation regulator, attenuates vascular ageing.

Background And Aims: Vascular ageing often accompanies inflammation, contributing to the onset of local or systemic vascular diseases. Nevertheless, limited research focuses on pivotal factors triggering chronic vascular inflammation and associated pathological changes. This study aimed to investigate the role of methyltransferase-like protein 14 (METTL14) in inflammation in the pathogenesis of vascular ageing.

Designing covalent organic frameworks membranes with a dual-mode acid sensing and exploration of photothermal performance.

As a new type of organic porous crystalline material connected with covalent bonds, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have shown unique advantages in many fields. However, the preparation of COFs membrane that are easy to prepare and can be applied multiple times still is a challenge. Here, 2,5-Dimethoxybenzene-1,4-dicarboxaldehyde (Dma) and 4,4',4''-(1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triyl) trianiline (TAPT) was used as a reactant and Dma-TAPT fiber membranes with good crystallinity and stability were prepared through electrospinning technology and solvothermal in-situ growth.

ZNFX1 suppresses apoptosis-associated mRNA stability in cardiomyocyte to protect against myocardial infarction.

Cardiovascular diseases remain a growing global health burden, with myocardial infarction (MI) persisting as the leading cause of cardiovascular mortality worldwide. Zinc finger NFX1-type containing 1 (ZNFX1), an RNA helicase family member, remains relatively understudied in molecular biology and its role in cardiovascular diseases remains unclear. This study aims to explore the involvement of ZNFX1 in MI and uncover its mechanisms.

Re-exploration of the optimal threshold for restrictive transfusion after hip fracture: a multicenter prospective cohort.

Background: Restrictive transfusion is recommended in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. However, the evidence regarding the optimal threshold for transfusion remained uncertain.

Methods: In this multicenter prospective cohort, we enrolled participants who received surgical treatment of a hip fracture and were aged 65 years or older from 2017 to 2023.

Erratum: Author correction to "Up-regulation of glyclipid transfer protein by bicyclol causes spontaneous restriction of hepatitis C virus replication" [Acta Pharm Sin B 9 (2019) 769-781].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transport connexin43 via tunneling nanotubes to alleviate isopreterenol-induced myocardial hypertrophy.

Background: Paracrine signaling plays an important role in stem cell therapy. However, it alone cannot fully explain the therapeutic mechanisms of stem cell therapy in treating heart diseases. Recently, tunneling nanotubes (TNTs)-a novel type of long-distance intercellular connectional structure-have been identified between mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and cardiomyocytes (CMs).

Amphiregulin Mediates Epithelial Cell-Eosinophil Interactions and Amplifies Inflammation in Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps.

Background: Eosinophils easily accumulate in the intra-epithelial layer and subepithelial regions in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (ECRSwNP). While several factors influence the migration of eosinophils from peripheral blood to extravascular tissues, the triggers and role of eosinophils near the epithelial layer in CRSwNP remain unclear.

Methods: We examined interactions between eosinophils and epithelial cells using co-culture systems.

Role of CD44CCR2CD64monocyte-derived macrophage in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Heterogeneity of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) is gradually recognized in polyp tissue of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). However, the contributions of MDM subsets for sustaining inflammation remain unclear. This study therefore aimed to characterize MDM subsets in polyp tissues and estimate their functions.

Platelet-Activating Factor Disrupts the Nasal Epithelial Barrier Independently of the Platelet-Activating Factor Receptor Pathway.

Purpose: Platelet-activating factor (PAF) mediates nasal congestion and rhinorrhea by affecting vascular permeability, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we sought to explore the effect of PAF on the nasal epithelial barrier in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP).

Methods: Human nasal epithelial cells (hNECs) were pre-treated with Apafant, a PAF receptor (PAFR) inhibitor, or MCC950, an NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome inhibitor, before PAF stimulation.

Unraveling osteogenesis mechanisms of the empowered VitaFlux adaptive regeneration biomaterials for bone tissue engineering: Insights into the role of BBGs/BSBGs.

Bone tissue engineering materials are crucial for bone repair, but existing repair materials still face many challenges, including poor biocompatibility and bioactivity, slow self-repair processes, limited adaptability, inability to promote angiogenesis and so on. To address these issues, the development of third-generation bone repair materials, which are being designed to stimulate specific cellular responses at the molecular level, such as borate and borosilicate bioactive glasses (BBGs/BSBGs) that activate cells and genes, offers new potential for promoting bone tissue self-renewing. Their unique characteristic lies in a flow of life-giving energy, releasing beneficial ions such as boron, calcium and silicon to stimulate cell proliferation and differentiation, accelerating the regeneration of bones.

Reproductive Potential and Population Growth of the Worm (Clitellata: Enchytraeidae) Under Laboratory Conditions as Well as Regression Models.

The worm is a new pest injuring American ginseng . To explore its reproductive potential and then estimate its population dynamics, the authors conducted two related experiments: (1) measuring individual fecundity in its lifetime by rearing each of the parent adults alone in a wet sandy dish at 18 and 21 °C indoors; (2) testing population growth by rearing each of the parent adults together with its offspring for a time longer than two generations at 21 °C. In Experiment I, five dependent variables, namely daily mean cocoons (), cumulative cocoons (), eggs per cocoon (), daily mean eggs () and cumulative eggs (), were extracted, with each of them subject to a stepwise regression analysis on rearing time () and its power series as independent variables.

Complex of intratumoral mycobiome and bacteriome predicts the recurrence of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Unlabelled: Dysbiosis of intratumoral fungal and bacterial communities is associated with poor prognosis in various cancers. However, the mycobiome characteristics in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and its correlation with recurrence have not yet been investigated. The mycobiome in 80 LSCC samples was characterized using internal transcribed spacer sequencing, encompassing both tumor tissues and their matched para-cancerous tissues.

MiR-125b-5p ameliorates ox-LDL-induced vascular endothelial cell dysfunction by negatively regulating TNFSF4/TLR4/NF-κB signaling.

Background: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced endothelial cell dysfunction plays a crucial role in the progression of atherosclerosis (AS). Although miR-125b-5p is known to be involved in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders, its function in ox-LDL-induced endothelial injury is still not well understood.

Methods: An in vitro AS cell model was established by exposing human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to 100 µg/mL ox-LDL for 24 h.

Designing fluorescent covalent organic frameworks through regulation of link bond for selective detection of Al and Ce.

The high thermal stability and chemical durability of amide-linked covalent organic frameworks (amide COFs) make them a promising material for a range of new applications. Nevertheless, the low reversibility of the amide bond presents a significant challenge to the direct synthesis of amide-bonded COFs. In this paper, we present a simple method for synthesizing amide COFs.

Evaluation of comparative efficacy of Umeclidinium/Vilanterol versus other bronchodilators in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs.

Background: UMEC/VI administered via a combination inhaler is associated with a clinically significant improvement in lung function and health-related quality of life in patients with mild-to-moderate COPD. However, their efficacy compared to other bronchodilator mono or dual therapies still remains unclear.

Objective: The objective of this research was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of UMEC/VI dual and UMEC/VI/FF triple therapies versus alternative bronchodilator regimens in COPD patients.

2-Hydroxyisobutyric acid targeted binding to MT-ND3 boosts mitochondrial respiratory chain homeostasis in hippocampus to rescue diabetic cognitive impairment.

Background: The prevalence of diabetic cognitive impairment (DCI) is significant, some studies have shown that it is related to mitochondrial respiratory chain homeostasis, but the specific mechanism is not clear. 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid (2-HIBA) is a novel short-chain fatty acid with potential applications in the treatment of metabolic diseases because it can regulate mitochondrial disorders. Our aim was to explore a novel mechanism of action for 2-HIBA in the treatment of DCI in mitochondrial respiratory chain homeostasis.

Self-adhesion conductive cardiac patch based on methoxytriethylene glycol-functionalized graphene effectively improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction.

Introduction: Abnormal electrical activity of the heart following myocardial infarction (MI) may lead to heart failure or sudden cardiac death. Graphene-based conductive hydrogels can simulate the microenvironment of myocardial tissue and improve cardiac function post-MI. However, existing methods for preparing graphene and its derivatives suffer from drawbacks such as low purity, complex processes, and unclear structures, which limiting their biological applications.

Metal-catalyzed divergent synthesis from ylides with 3-arylbenzo[][1,2,3]triazin-4(3)-ones.

The present work reveals a new metal-catalyzed synthetic reaction involving 1,2,3-benzotriazinones with carbonyl sulfoxonium ylide and iodonium ylide, resulting in divergent products. Within this catalytic system, 3-phenylbenzo[][1,2,3]triazin-4(3)-one derivatives undergo C-H alkylation processes facilitated by a Cp*Rh(III) catalyst when combined with a carbonyl sulfoxonium ylide. On the other hand, when iodonium ylide substrates are used, they undergo an alkenylation reaction facilitated by a Cp*Ir(III) catalyst.