Establishment of a novel predictive model for thiopurine-induced leucopenia based on the polymorphisms in the DNA-thioguanine nucleotide metabolite pathway in Chinese patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Thiopurine-induced leucopenia (TIL) affects more than 20% of Asians despite dose optimization via NUDT15 and TPMT genotyping. Elevated levels of DNA-thioguanine nucleotide (DNA-TG) have been implicated in the development of TIL. This study aimed to identify genetic polymorphisms influencing TIL through the DNA-TG metabolic pathway and construct a predictive model in Chinese inflammatory bowel disease patients.

Lung cancer diagnosis through extracellular vesicle analysis using label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy coupled with machine learning.

Label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) based on extracellular vesicles (EVs) has great potential in cancer diagnosis. However, the repeatability and stability of the SERS signals and the accurate early prediction of multiple cell types based on a small number of samples still require further research. We developed a highly accurate classification approach to distinguish EVs derived from lung cancer and normal cells.

Curcumin supplementation accelerates high-altitude acclimatization, prevents polycythemia and modulates gut microbiota in male Han population: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Previous evidence showed that curcumin enhanced the oxygen supply efficiency of hemoglobin and alleviated acute plateau hypoxia injury in animal models. However, its efficacy on human beings is not yet verified. This study aimed to assess the effects of curcumin supplementation on hypoxia injury and gut microbiota in the male Han population.

ACSS2-Mediated Histone H4 Lysine 12 Crotonylation (H4K12cr) Alleviates Colitis via Enhancing Transcription of CLDN7.

Histone lysine crotonylation (Kcr), a highly conserved posttranslational modification, plays critical roles in various biological processes. Nevertheless, the dynamic alterations and functions of histone Kcr in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remain poorly explored. Herein, a notable decrease of both Pan-Kcr and ACSS2 (acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 2), the key enzyme for crotonyl-CoA generation, is revealed in inflamed intestinal epithelial cells.

Construction of a silver nanoparticle SERS aptamer-based sensor and its specific recognition of diazinon.

A novel biosensing strategy based on the synergy of aptamer molecular recognition and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has been developed to address the growing problem of groundwater and soil contamination by the organophosphorus pesticide diazinon (DZN). By combining a high-affinity aptamer with a plasmonic resonance-enhanced substrate, a SERS biosensing interface with single-molecule detection capability was successfully constructed, and the electrochemical surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (EC-SERS) method using AgNPs-modified screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) was also used for sensitive detection of DZN. The results showed that the constructed SERS aptamer sensor was able to specifically identify diazinon in the system where multiple interfering pesticides coexisted, and the detection limit of the sensor for diazinon was up to 5.

Rapid and quantitative detection of Botryosphaeria dothidea by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy with size-controlled spherical metal nanoparticles combined with machine learning.

Botryosphaeria dothidea infection has become a major factor affecting the quality of postharvest fruits, so detection of B. dothidea infection is very important to control the spread of infection and ensure food safety. In this study, we built a monitoring platform for rapid and quantitative detection of B.

The combination of inactivated and subunit vaccines enhances protective efficacy against Mycoplasma synoviae.

Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) infection predominantly manifests as lower respiratory symptoms but also leads to reduced egg production and increased culling rates in laying hens, causing significant economic losses throughout the production cycle. Vaccination remains the most cost-effective strategy to protect layers from MS infection. Previous studies from our laboratory identified and screened immunogenic proteins of MS, culminating in the development of a subunit vaccine that provided robust protection with a two-dose immunization.

Comparative Effectiveness of Infliximab vs Ustekinumab for Endoscopic and Transmural Remission in Biologic Naïve Crohn's Disease.

Background & Aims: Active-comparator studies are important to clinical decision-making. We compared the effectiveness of infliximab vs ustekinumab for endoscopic and transmural remission in biologic-naïve Crohn's disease (CD).

Methods: This was a prospective real-world cohort study that included biologic-naïve patients with CD initiating infliximab or ustekinumab therapy.

Effects of nitrate supplements on cardiopulmonary fitness at high altitude: A meta-analysis of nine randomized controlled trials.

Background: Nitrate is a dietary intervention commonly used to enhance exercise capacity, including cardiopulmonary fitness, yet its effectiveness has been recently questioned at high altitudes. This meta-analysis systematically evaluates the effects of dietary nitrate supplements on cardiopulmonary fitness at high altitude, as reflected in the biomarker of cardiopulmonary fitness, paving the way for informed dietary strategies.

Methods: We conducted a systematic assessment and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to examine the effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on biomarkers of cardiorespiratory health at high altitude.

Dietary whey protein protects against Crohn's disease by orchestrating cross-kingdom interaction between the gut phageome and bacteriome.

Background: The gut microbiome and diet are important factors in the pathogenesis and management of Crohn's disease (CD). However, the role of the gut phageome under dietary influences is unknown.

Objective: We aim to explore the effect of diet on the gut phageome-bacteriome interaction linking to CD protection.

Effectiveness of biologics for endoscopic healing in patients with isolated proximal small bowel Crohn's disease.

Background: Endoscopic healing (EH) is a key therapeutic target in Crohn's disease (CD). Proximal small bowel (SB) lesions in patients with CD are associated with a significant risk of strictures and bowel resection. Assessing SB in patients with CD is necessary because of its significant therapeutic implications.

Risk factors and clinical characteristics of colonization and infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease exposed to Vedolizumab: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Vedolizumab (VDZ), a humanized monoclonal antibody that selectively inhibits the binding of the α4β7 integrin, has been approved for treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Long-term safety studies of VDZ in clinical trials identified infection (CDI) as the major opportunistic infection.

Objectives: We aimed to address the incidence and risk factors of colonization (CDC) and CDI in a real-world setting among IBD patients treated with VDZ.

Body weight-range based initial dosing of ustekinumab in Crohn's disease: Is it an ideal approach?

Background & Aims: The initial intravenous dose of ustekinumab (UST) for treating Crohn's disease (CD) is recommended based on body weight ranges for clinical convenience. However, patients whose body weight nears the upper threshold may receive a relatively lower dose (<6 mg/kg) based on current dosage calculations. We aimed to investigate whether the body weight-range based dosing calculation method for UST may lead to suboptimal therapeutic doses and then impact effectiveness, particularly in patients with borderline weight.

Development and validation of a sensitive LC-MS/MS assay for determination of upadacitinib in human plasma and its application in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: Upadacitinib is a selective Janus kinase (JAK) 1 inhibitor approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of moderate-to-severe inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to establish and validate a method for determining Upadacitinib in patients with IBD by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method.

Methods: The mobile phase was 0.

Clinical decision support tool-guided, selective intensive induction strategy of ustekinumab in patients with Crohn's disease: A multicenter cohort study.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of clinical decision support tool (CDST)-guided initial selective intensive induction therapy (IIT) for patients with Crohn's disease (CD) who were treated with ustekinumab (UST) and to identify those most likely to benefit from IIT.

Methods: Patients with active CD were included in this multicenter retrospective study and were categorized as low-, intermediate-, and high-probability responders according to the UST-CDST. IIT was defined as intensive induction by two or three initial doses of weight-based intravenous UST administration.

PI(4,5)P2 alleviates colitis by inhibiting intestinal epithelial cell pyroptosis through NNMT-mediated RBP4 m6A modification.

Lipid metabolism disorder is a critical feature of Crohn's disease (CD). Phosphatidylinositol (PI) and its derivative, phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate (PIP2), are associated with CD. The mechanisms underlying such association remain unknown.

Raman spectroscopy in extracellular vesicles analysis: Techniques, applications and advancements.

Raman spectroscopy provides a robust approach for detailed analysis of the chemical and molecular profiles of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Recent advancements in Raman techniques have significantly enhanced the sensitivity and accuracy of EV characterization, enabling precise detection and profiling of molecular components within EV samples. This review introduces and compares various Raman-based techniques for EV characterization.

Target antigen screening and development of a multi-component subunit vaccine against in chickens.

Introduction: (MS) is a globally important avian pathogen causing infectious synovitis and respiratory diseases in poultry, leading to significant economic losses. Despite advances in vaccine development, a commercially viable subunit vaccine against MS remains elusive.

Methods: We sequenced whole genomes of six clinical MS strains isolated from different Chinese provinces.

Serum Microcystin-LR Levels Linked with Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Matched Case-Control Study in China.

Microcystin-LR (MC-LR), the most prevalent and diverse cyanotoxin produced by harmful cyanobacterial blooms, has been linked to gastrointestinal toxicity. Therefore, we conducted a case-control study across four regions in China to investigate this relationship. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) cases (219) were matched with healthy controls (438) based on age and gender and conditional logistic regression models and Restricted cubic splines were used to evaluate the association between MC-LR exposure and IBD risk.

Serum proteomic analysis identified ITIH4 as a potential novel biomarker for feline infectious peritonitis.

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a fatal feline disease. At present, the reference standard for FIP diagnosis is immunohistochemistry (IHC) of organs, but this method involves high time-related costs, invasive sampling procedures and professional requirements. Serological detection is a common auxiliary method for diagnosing diseases.