Sagittal-oriented articular processes and intervertebral disc degeneration phenotypes can concurrently lead to an increased presence of annulus tears in the cranial adjacent motion segment : a clinical review and biomechanical simulation.

Aims: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and sagittal-oriented articular processes can restrict motility and increase stiffness of the motion segment, potentially causing compensatory stress and higher motility in adjacent segments. It is unclear if these factors trigger IDD progression in adjacent segments. This study aimed to elucidate this using functional MRI, and identify biomechanical mechanisms with a validated numerical model.

Changes in facet orientation may simultaneously affect the potential risk of annulus tears and zygapophyseal joint osteoarthritis: a clinical review and biomechanical simulation.

Background: The lumbar motion segment, comprising the intervertebral disc and bilateral articular processes, functions as a cohesive unit for load transmission. Morphological alterations in these components can influence local stress distribution, potentially contributing to the development of degenerative changes. Research indicates that sagittally oriented articular processes may reduce the incidence of severe zygapophyseal joint osteoarthritis (ZJOA) by lowering the load transmission ratio.

Random Forest Regression May Become the Optimal Regression Model for Osteoarthritis of the Knee in Elderly, in the Context of Embodied Cognition and Psychosomatic Medicine.

Background: In the context of embodied cognition and psychosomatic medicine, predicting post-treatment depression in elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is critical for improving psychological outcomes. While regression analysis is widely used in longitudinal medical studies, the optimal model for forecasting complex psychosomatic changes remains unclear.

Objective: This study compared the predictive performance of five regression models in estimating post-treatment depression (D2) among elderly KOA patients, considering variables such as gender, age, pain, anxiety, sleep quality, and baseline depression.

Larger nail-shaft gap as a potential risk factor of femoral head varus in patients treated with proximal femoral nail antirotation fixation: a retrospective, observational, single-center study with corresponding numerical simulation.

Background: Deterioration of postoperative local biomechanical environment is a primary contributor to varus deformity of the femoral head in patients with intertrochanteric fractures treated with proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) fixation. Theoretically, increasing the number of threaded anchors can optimize the local biomechanical environment and enhance the fixation stability. According to this principle, a larger gap between the intramedullary nail and the surrounding femoral shaft at the distal locking screw may compromise fixation stability by reducing the number of thread anchorages.

Improved Kyphotic Restoration Reduces the Incidence of Adjacent Vertebral Fracture in Patients With Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures Treated by Percutaneous Kyphoplasty: A Clinical Study and Corresponding Numerical Simulations.

Objective: Adjacent vertebral fracture (AVF) is a commonly observed complication in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compressive fractures (OVCF) following percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP). The primary etiology of this complication is the deterioration of the biomechanical environment. Local kyphotic deformity plays a critical role in influencing the direction of load transmission, which subsequently affects the local biomechanical conditions.

Unraveling the mechanisms of Shaoyang Shenggu decoction in treating knee osteoarthritis through mass spectrometry and bioinformatics.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: KOA is a common chronic joint disease in orthopedics that leads to pain, stiffness, and functional limitations. Traditional Chinese medicine categorizes it under "bi syndrome," "wei syndrome," and "bone bi.".

Poor bony density can independently trigger higher incidence of adjacent vertebral fracture after percutaneous vertebralplasty: a mono-center retrospective study.

Objective: Symptomatic adjacent vertebral fractures (AVF) poses a challenge to patient prognosis in osteoporotic vertebral compressive fractures (OVCF) treated by percutaneous vertebralplasty (PVP). This study aimed to identify potential risk factors for AVF, thereby offering theoretical insights for refining patient management strategies and surgical protocols.

Methods: Clinical data of PVP patients treated between March 2018 and May 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, with an average follow-up period of 30 months.

The lowest HU value on transverse planes: a predictive factor for cranial adjacent vertebral fracture risk after percutaneous vertebroplasty.

Background: Osteoporosis is the major risk factor for adjacent vertebral fracture (AVF). T-Score (DXAsp) cannot eliminate the confounding effect caused by pathological osteogenesis. Hounsfield unit (HU) values are credible predictors of bone density but cannot elucidate its regional differences.

When Technology Meets Anxiety:The Moderating Role of AI Usage in the Relationship Between Social Anxiety, Learning Adaptability, and Behavioral Problems Among Chinese Primary School Students.

Objective: This study aims to examine the relationships between social anxiety, learning adaptability, AI technology usage, and behavioral problems among primary school students, with a focus on the mediating role of learning adaptability and the moderating role of AI usage.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1240 primary school students aged 8-15 in Luzhou, Sichuan Province. Social anxiety was measured using the Social Anxiety Scale for Children (SASC), learning adaptability was assessed with the Children's Learning Adaptability Questionnaire (CSAQ), behavioral problems were evaluated using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and AI tool usage was gauged through a self-developed questionnaire.

Posterior Ligamentum Complex Preservation Alleviate ASD-Related Biomechanical Deterioration in Lumbar Interbody Fusion Models: A Finite Element Analysis.

Background: There are differences in the extent of excision of articular processes, spinal processes and posterior ligamentum complexes (PLC) for posterior approach lumbar interbody fusion. Given that the biomechanical significance of these structures has been verified and that deterioration of the biomechanical environment is the main trigger for complications in both fused and adjacent motion segments, changes in decompression ranges may affect the potential risk of adjacent segmental disease (ASD) biomechanically; however, this topic has yet to be identified.

Methods: Posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) with different decompression strategies was simulated in a well-validated lumbosacral model.

Anxiety and depression as potential risk factors for limited pain management in patients with elderly knee osteoarthritis: a cross-lagged study.

Background: Pain management for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients is challenging. Pain arises from both physiological and psychological interactions, with anxiety and depression potentially contributing as risk factors that hinder effective pain management in KOA patients.

Methods: Before treatment(T1), A total of 206 elderly inpatients with KOA were enrolled based on initial screening criteria.

The ratio between the screw distance and femoral neck width on lateral radiography is a reliable predictor of femoral head necrosis: a clinical review and corresponding numerical simulations.

Background: Fixation instability serves as an initial trigger for femoral head necrosis in patients with femoral neck fractures undergoing internal fixation. The configuration of screw trajectories is critical in determining the stability of the fixation. Our previously published study indicates that abduction of screw trajectories may enhance postoperative angular stability.

The Bony Density of the Pedicle Plays a More Significant Role in the Screw Anchorage Ability Than Other Regions of the Screw Trajectory.

Objective: Osteoporosis is a crucial risk factor for screw loosening. Our studies indicate that the bone mineral density (BMD) in the screw trajectory is a better predictor of screw loosening than the BMD of the lumbar spine or the screw insertion position. Research has shown that anchorage on the screw tip is the most significant factor for screw anchorage ability, while others argue that decreased bony quality in the pedicle poses a significant risk for screw loosening.

Honokiol inhibits human osteosarcoma MG63 cell migration by upregulating FTO and Smad6 to promote autophagy.

Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is a common primary malignant tumor of bone, most commonly seen in children and adolescents, which has a low survival rate and is a serious threat to patients' lives. Honokiol (HKL) is the main active components of Magnolia officinalis, which have significant anti-tumor properties. The aim of this study was to observe the autophagic and migratory effects of HKL on MG63 cells and to investigate whether the mechanism of action was related to FTO and Smad6.

Contact between leaked cement and adjacent vertebral endplate induces a greater risk of adjacent vertebral fracture with vertebral bone cement augmentation biomechanically.

Background Context: Adjacent vertebral fracture (AVF) is a frequently observed complication after percutaneous vertebroplasty in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compressive fracture (OVCF). Studies have demonstrated that intervertebral cement leakage (ICL) can increase the incidence of AVF, but others have reached opposite conclusions. The stress concentration initially increases the risk of AVF, and dispersive concentrated stress is the main biomechanical function of the intervertebral disc (IVD).

Narrow-bandwidth silicon photonic CROW filter for carrier-extracted self-coherent (CESC) detection.

In this Letter, we report a second-order silicon photonic (SiP) coupled resonator optical waveguide (CROW) filter with an ultra-narrow 10-dB bandwidth of 1.75 GHz and a high extinction ratio (ER) of ∼50 dB. By utilizing this CROW filter, we demonstrated an innovative self-coherent detection, called carrier-extracted self-coherent (CESC) detection.

Impact of screw tip design on screw anchorage: mechanical testing and numerical simulation.

Background: Screw loosening is a commonly reported issue following spinal screw fixation and can lead to various complications. The initial cause of screw loosening is biomechanical deterioration. Previous studies have demonstrated that modifications in screw design can impact the local biomechanical environment, specifically the stress distribution on bone-screw interfaces.

Impact of blade direction on postoperative femoral head varus in PFNA fixed patients: a clinical review and biomechanical research.

Intertrochanteric femur fracture is a common type of osteoporotic fracture in elderly patients, and postoperative femoral head varus following proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) fixation is a crucial factor contributing to the deterioration of clinical outcomes. The cross-angle between the implant and bone might influence fixation stability. Although there is a wide range of adjustment in the direction of anti-rotation blades within the femoral neck, the impact of this direct variation on the risk of femoral head varus and its biomechanical mechanisms remain unexplored.

Changes in nail position and antirotation blade angles on the risk of femoral head varus in PFNA fixed patients: a clinical review and comprehensive biomechanical research.

Background: Femoral head varus triggers poor clinical prognosis in intertrochanteric fracture patients with proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) fixation. Studies present that changes in nail position and screw insertion angles will affect fixation stability, but the biomechanical significance of these factors on the risk of femoral head varus has yet to be identified in PFNA fixed patients.

Methods: Clinical data in PFNA fixed intertrochanteric fracture patients have been reviewed, the relative position of intermedullary nail has been judged in the instant postoperative lateral radiography.

Space between bone cement and bony endplate can trigger higher incidence of augmented vertebral collapse: An in-silico study.

Background: The pathogenesis of postoperative complications in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compressive fractures (OVCFs) undergoing percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is multifaceted, with local biomechanical deterioration playing a pivotal role. Specifically, the disparity in stiffness between the bone cement and osteoporotic cancellous bone can precipitate interfacial stress concentrations, potentially leading to cement-augmented vertebral body collapse and clinical symptom recurrence. This study focuses on the biomechanical implications of the space between the bone cement and bony endplate (BEP), hypothesizing that this interface may be a critical locus for stress concentration and subsequent vertebral failure.

The Sanbi Decoction alleviates intervertebral disc degeneration in rats through intestinal flora and serum metabolic homeostasis modulation.

Background: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is an essential cause of low back pain (LBP), the incidence of which has risen in recent years and is progressively younger, but treatment options are limited, placing a serious economic burden on society. Sanbi decoction (SBD) is an important classical formula for the treatment of IVDD, which can significantly improve patients' symptoms and is a promising alternative therapy.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the safety and efficacy of SBD in the treatment of IVDD and to explore the underlying mechanisms by using an integrated analytical approach of microbiomics and serum metabolomics, as well as by using molecular biology.

Increasing the angle between caudal screw and the transverse plane may aggravate the risk of femoral head necrosis by deteriorating the fixation stability in patients with femoral neck fracture.

Necrosis of the femoral head is the main complication in femoral neck fracture patients with triangle cannulated screw fixation. Instant postoperative fixation instability is a main reason for the higher risk of femoral head necrosis. Biomechanical studies have shown that cross screw fixation can effectively optimize fixation stability in patients with proximal humerus fractures and pedicle screw fixation, but whether this method can also effectively optimize the fixation stability of femoral neck fractures and reduce the corresponding risk of femoral head necrosis has yet to be identified.

Modified SiP single-polarization CADD receiver.

In cost-sensitive application scenarios, increasing the data rate per channel under a limited receiver bandwidth is critical, and thus, the transceivers with low costs and high electrical spectral efficiencies (ESEs) are highly desirable. In this Letter, we demonstrate a modified silicon photonic (SiP) carrier-assisted differential detection (CADD) receiver with a record ESE for single polarization. The ESE of the conventional CADD is mainly limited by the transfer function that originated from the optical delay and hybrid.