A photoactivatable nano-liposome containing tripartite therapeutics for photothermal-triggered chemotherapy.

Chemotherapy represents a conventional method for cancer treatment, but it inevitably has the issues of low clinical efficacy, therapy resistance and severe side effects. In view of the unique characteristics of nanosystems that can deliver drugs in an effective and safe manner, we report photoactivatable nano-liposomes containing a hypoxia-responsive prodrug tirapazamine (TPZ), glucose oxidase (GOx) and indocyanine green (ICG) for photothermal-triggered chemotherapy of subcutaneous metastatic breast cancer. The nano-liposomes (termed IGT@NPs) are fabricated using a thermo-responsive liposome component to enable photoactivatable drug delivery the photothermal effect.

BRD4770 protects against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting apoptosis and ferroptosis.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective anticancer drug, but its clinical utility is limited mainly by cardiotoxicity causing cardiomyocyte ferroptosis and apoptosis. While DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC) involves epigenetic changes, no systematic epigenetic intervention studies have been reported. Here, we identified BRD4770 as a potential small molecule against DIC through the Epigenetics Compound Library screening.

Cascade enzymatic semiconducting polymer nanocomposites for NIR-II light-mediated photothermal-chemodynamic combinatorial therapy.

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) has been widely adopted for cancer therapy, but its efficacy is limited by some factors such as low intratumoral HO level and glutathione (GSH) scavenging in the tumor microenvironment (TME). NIR-II photothermal therapy (PTT) enhances catalytic kinetics and alleviates TME restrictions deep tissue penetration and spatiotemporally controlled hyperthermia. Herein, we report a tumor-targeted nanocomposite called SPMG by integrating bovine serum albumin (BSA)-MnO, a semiconducting polymer (SP), and glucose oxidase (GOx) to enable NIR-II-triggered PTT and enzyme-augmented CDT.

m5C-Modified lncRNA SNHG15 Promotes Ovarian Cancer Progression Via the miR-545-3p/PD-L1 Axis.

Ovarian cancer (OC) poses a health burden of women. Long non-coding RNA SNHG15 has been reported to promote OC progression; however, its effect on immune evasion remains unknown. Here, we investigated the effect of SNHG15 on OC cell immune evasion and the underlying mechanism.

Extracellular matrix-degradable polymer nanostimulants elicit potent immune responses in orthotopic pancreatic cancer via sono-activatable dual-drug synergism.

Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis due to its complex tumor microenvironment (TME), which includes a dense extracellular matrix (ECM) and immunosuppressive pathways. Nanomedicine capable of achieving profound tumor penetration and modulating the tumor immune microenvironment is urgently needed to enhance the efficacy of cancer therapy. Herein, we introduce ECM-degradable semiconducting polymer nanostimulants (SPNs) as a novel nanostimulant for deep tumor penetration and multifaceted remodeling of the tumor microenvironment.

Predictors of pulmonary embolism in adult patients following neurosurgery: a Chinese single-center, retrospective study.

Patients undergoing neurosurgery are at elevated risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). The incidence and risk factors for PE in neurosurgical patients remain a subject of debate. This study aimed to identify risk factors for PE in this population.

Highly Thermal Conductive and Electromagnetic Shielding Polymer Nanocomposites from Waste Masks.

Over 950 billion (about 3.8 million tons) masks have been consumed in the last four years around the world to protect human beings from COVID-19 and air pollution. However, very few of these used masks are being recycled, with the majority of them being landfilled or incinerated.

X-ray-Responsive Semiconducting Polymer siRNA Nanosystems for Orthotopic Glioma Treatment via Silencing the Immunosuppressive Signal.

Gliomas are the most lethal types of adult brain tumors with a devastating prognosis, but many therapies have failed to exert good therapeutic benefits because of the extremely hypoxic and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. To address these challenges, we herein present a semiconducting polymer (SP)-based small interfering RNA (siRNA) nanosystem with the loading of oxygen self-supplying perfluorohexane (PFH) and conjugation of siRNA via a singlet oxygen (O)-cleavable linker. The nanosystems are further camouflaged with a macrophage membrane to obtain the final RM@SPN-siRNA.

Erythrocyte Membrane-Camouflaged Xanthohumol Nanoparticles Mitigate Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity by Inhibiting Ferroptosis.

Doxorubicin (DOX) chemotherapy is a cornerstone of cancer treatment, but its clinical application and effectiveness are severely restricted due to its life-threatening cardiotoxicity. Xanthohumol (XH), a compound from traditional Chinese medicine, is noted for its antioxidant properties and the potential to mitigate DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC). However, its poor water solubility results in low biocompatibility, making it susceptible to immune system clearance, which severely restricts its application in vivo.

A hypoxia-activated and tumor microenvironment-remodeling nanoplatform for augmenting sonodynamic-chemodynamic-chemotherapy of breast cancer.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) offers a promising approach to enhancing cancer therapy by altering the conditions that support tumor growth and immune evasion. However, tumors are highly heterogeneous, and the TME can vary greatly even within different regions of the same tumor. Moreover, tumors can have evolving resistance mechanisms that limit the effectiveness of therapies.

A Coral Shell-Inspired Biomimetic Soy Protein Adhesive Toward Electromagnetic Shielding Wood-Based Composites.

The development of multifunctional bio-adhesives that are electrically conductive, flame-retardant, and electromagnetic shielding is crucial for advancing next-generation wood-based composites. However, to date it remains a significant challenge to achieve such functionalities in adhesives while maintaining their strong adhesion. This study draws inspirations from the microstructure and properties of coral shells, and proposed a multiphase engineering to prepare a multifunctional soy protein isolate (SPI) adhesive (SPI/PA@G) by introducing a hierarchical polyaniline/phenylphosphonic acid aggregates-loaded graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) hybrid.

A Lanthanide Nanoparticle-Aggregation-Induced Emission Photosensitizer Complex System Drives Coupled Triplet Energy Transfer for Enhanced Radio-Photodynamic Therapy.

Cerenkov light (CL), utilized as an internal excitation source for photodynamic therapy (PDT), addresses the limitations of laser penetration and has substantial potential for seamlessly integrating clinical radiotheranostics with phototheranostics. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of CL-mediated PDT is significantly hindered by challenges, such as the low intensity of CL and inadequate energy transfer between the CL donor and photosensitizers (PSs). In this study, a novel approach is introduced for enhanced radionuclide-activated radio-photodynamic therapy utilizing a hybrid nanoparticle system composed of lanthanide nanoparticles and an aggregation-induced emission photosensitizer (AIE PS), designated LnNP-TQ NPs.

Structural characterization and immunomodulatory activity analysis of a novel pectic polysaccharide extracted from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg and its hydrolysis products.

Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg (T. hemsleyanum) is a rare traditional Chinese medicine with high medicinal value and T. hemsleyanum polysaccharides (THPs) have attracted increasing attention in recent years.

Radionuclide-Activated Luminescence for Cancer Theranostics.

Within dielectric media, charged particles emitted from medical radionuclides induce polarization of surrounding molecules, which subsequently generate Cerenkov luminescence (CL) upon returning to their ground state. This CL emission confers clinically approved radiotracers with distinctive potential for applications in phototheranostics. However, the utility of CL in vivo has been severely constrained by its ultraviolet-weighted emission spectrum and extremely low photon flux, particularly in living imaging and triggering photodynamic therapy.

A Semiconducting Polymer NanoCRISPR for Near-Infrared Photoactivatable Gene Editing and Cancer Gene Therapy.

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) gene editing has poor efficacy and off-target side effect concerns. We herein report a semiconducting polymer (SP)-based nanoCRISPR system to improve CRISPR delivery efficacy and allow for near-infrared (NIR) photoactivatable gene editing for cancer therapy. An amphiphilic SP acts as a photothermal converter, and its backbone is grafted with single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which enables hybridization with single guide ribonucleic acid (sgRNA) via complementary base pairing to form sgRNA/SP-DNA.

Cerebral salt wasting syndrome as a probable cause of postoperative polyuria in patients with supratentorial Non-midline tumors: A prospective observational study with targeted and quantitative metabolomic approach.

Polyuria, or excessive fluid loss through the kidneys, is a common issue in neurocritical patients, often resulting from conditions such as fluid volume overload, osmotic diuretics, central diabetes insipidus (CDI), or cerebral salt wasting syndrome (CSWS). Notably, the specific cause of postoperative polyuria within 24 h in patients with tumors located in the supratentorial non-midline region remains poorly understood. To address this gap, we conducted a prospective observational study with 30 patients and found that eight (26.

Synchronously Delivering Melittin and Evoking Ferroptosis via Tumor Microenvironment-Triggered Self-Destructive Metal-Organic Frameworks to Boost Cancer Immunotherapy.

The primary goal of treating malignant tumors is to efficiently eliminate the primary tumor and prevent metastasis and recurrence. Unfortunately, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) is a significant obstacle to effective oncotherapy. Herein, a therapeutic strategy based on melittin (MLT) encapsulated in hyaluronic acid-modified metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is pioneered, focusing on the safe delivery and TME-responsive release of MLT to reshaping the immunosuppressive TME and simultaneously activating the immune system to eradicate cancerous cells.

Influences of different sedatives on gastric antrum contraction in patients with acute brain injury.

Background: Patients with acute brain injury (ABI) often exhibit gastrointestinal motility disorder and the administration of sedatives may exacerbate the gastrointestinal dysfunction. This study aims to evaluate the influences of different sedatives on gastric antrum contraction in patients with acute brain injury (ABI).

Methods: A prospective observational study was performed in 37 adult ICU patients with ABI, and 18 adult healthy volunteers were recruited as normal controls.

Identification of Anoikis-related potential biomarkers and therapeutic drugs in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension via bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experiment.

There is growing evidence that programmed cell death plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Anoikis is a newly discovered type of programmed death and has garnered great attention. However, the precise involvement of Anoikis in the progression of CTEPH remains poorly understood.

Ca- and cGAMP-Contained Semiconducting Polymer Nanomessengers for Radiodynamic-Activated Calcium Overload and Immunotherapy.

Various second messengers exert some vital actions in biological systems, including cancer therapy, but the therapeutic efficacy is often need to be improved. A semiconducting polymer nanomessenger (TCa/SPN/a) consisting of two second messengers, calcium ion (Ca) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP) for metastatic breast cancer therapy, is reported here. Such a TCa/SPN/a is constructed to exhibit X-ray response for the activatable delivery of mitochondria-targeting Ca compound and cGAMP as stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist.

Hybrid Cell Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles for Synergizing Sonodynamic Therapy and Immunotherapy against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Tumor immunotherapy represents a highly promising modality for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Nevertheless, its therapeutic efficacy has been profoundly impacted by challenges such as low drug uptake, hypoxia, and immunosuppression. To address these problems, the study develops a strategy combining sonodynamic therapy (SDT) and immunotherapy using biomimetic nanoparticles coated with hybrid membranes.

Boosting Tumor Accumulation of Phthalocyanine through Sialylation Engineering for Superior Cancer Phototherapy.

Phthalocyanines (Pcs) are widely developed in cancer phototherapy due to their definite chemical structure and tunable photosensitivity. However, their in vivo application is hampered by low water solubility and non-specific biodistribution. Here,a strategy of sialylation-modulation is developed for the first time to highly improve the bioavailability of Pcs.

Hydrogen sulfide-generating semiconducting polymer nanoparticles for amplified radiodynamic-ferroptosis therapy of orthotopic glioblastoma.

A variety of therapeutic strategies are available to treat glioblastoma (GBM), but the tumor remains one of the deadliest due to its aggressive invasiveness, restrictive blood-brain barrier (BBB), and exceptional resistance to drugs. In this study, we present a hydrogen sulfide (HS)-generating semiconducting polymer nanoparticle (PFeD@Ang) for amplified radiodynamic-ferroptosis therapy of orthotopic glioblastoma. Our results show that in an acidic tumor microenvironment (TME), HS donors produce large amounts of HS, which inhibits mitochondrial respiration and alleviates cellular hypoxia, thus enhancing the radiodynamic effect during X-ray irradiation; meanwhile, Fe is reduced to Fe by tannic acid in an acidic TME, which promotes an iron-dependent cell death process in tumors.