Double Nanofoaming Enhanced Interfacial Polymerization toward Ultra-High-Performance Nanofiltration Membranes.

Polyamide (PA) nanofiltration (NF) membranes represent a promising approach to safe drinking water production. Yet, selective removal of contaminants while retaining essential minerals remains a critical challenge for cost-effective water treatment processes. Here, we employed ammonia bicarbonate (AB) as an economical additive to modify interfacial polymerization (IP) for developing high-performance NF membranes suitable for drinking water applications.

Discovery of novel 1,2,4-triazole schiff bases hybridized with 1,4-naphthoquinones as potent STAT3 inhibitors.

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is closely related to a variety of cancers. The research of novel STAT3 inhibitors is an important and meaningful project for pharmaceutical chemist. In this study, 10 novel 1,4-naphthoquinones carrying 1,2,4-triazole derivatives were synthesized via a four-step synthesis starting from 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dione.

Research trends and prospects of Circulating tumor DNA associated with colorectal cancer: a bibliometric analysis.

Recent research has highlighted ctDNA as a crucial tool for screening, monitoring, and treating colorectal cancer, gaining significant attention. This study aims to map the research landscape via bibliometric analysis, identifying future trends and key areas of interest. We collected articles and reviews on ctDNA and colorectal cancer from the Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus, conducting bibliometric analysis and visualization using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and R packages.

Constitutive Androstane Receptor in Macrophages Regulates Toll-Like Receptor 4-Mediated Innate Immune Responses Against Endotoxemic Liver Injury.

Macrophage proinflammatory hyperactivation drives the pathogenesis of acute liver injury, a common complication of sepsis. The role of the nuclear receptor constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) in endotoxin-induced liver injury remains unclear. Here, this study reports that CAR is highly expressed in human and murine macrophages.

Exploring PTX3: a promising diagnostic marker and therapeutic target in neurology.

Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), a key member of the pentraxin (PTX) family, is a highly conserved, multifunctional soluble humoral pattern recognition molecule. It plays a pivotal regulatory role in innate immunity, infection-inflammation, tissue remodeling, and tumorigenesis. Recent research has revealed a close association between PTX3 and the pathogenesis and progression of neurological diseases.

Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis: a meta-analysis of observational studies.

Background: Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a serious respiratory complication observed in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, and people with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at an increased risk of developing severe COVID-19. However, whether DM is a risk factor for post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis (PCPF) remains unknown.

Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis of observational studies to evaluate the association between DM and the development of PCPF.

Comprehensive analysis of disease activity, neuropsychiatric symptoms, imaging features and risk factors for seizure in hospitalized patients with juvenile-onset neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus.

Background: Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) is a common complication of juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus, with high morbidity and lethality rates. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze the clinical characteristics and related influencing factors of NPSLE, providing important basis for the early detection and early diagnosis of NPSLE.

Methods: The clinical data of juvenile-onset NPSLE patients, juvenile non-NPSLE patients, and adult-onset NPSLE patients admitted to the Xiangya Second Hospital of Central South University from January 2010 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.

Reversal of MPPa-PDT Resistance in Osteosarcoma by Targeting ROCK2-Mediated Autophagy.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary bone tumour that occurs mostly in adolescents and is associated with a high degree of malignancy, early metastasis, and poor prognosis. Pyropheophorbide-a methyl ester-Photodynamic therapy (MPPa-PDT) is a new approach for the clinical treatment of osteosarcoma that develops after surgery and radiotherapy; however, the presence of MPPa-PDT resistance in osteosarcoma greatly limits its efficacy. In this study, we found that Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2 (ROCK2) expression increased in osteosarcoma cells after MPPa-PDT treatment.

PINX1 inhibits proliferation and cisplatin resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by promoting ILF3 ubiquitination.

PIN2/TRF1-interacting telomerase inhibitor 1 (PINX1) acts as a tumor suppressor in various cancers, yet its molecular role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains poorly defined. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of PINX1 in NPC. Expression levels of PINX1 and interleukin enhancer-binding factor 3 (ILF3) were assessed in NPC cells and tissues via western blotting and immunohistochemistry, and their correlation with patient prognosis was analyzed.

Evidence for fomite transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in a mouse model.

Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, the risk of fomite-based transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has not been systematically investigated. In this study, we employed the K18-hACE2 mouse infection model to experimentally assess the relative contribution of fomite transmission. Our findings indicate that while fomite transmission can occur in certain cases, the risk of fomite transmission in natural settings may be relatively low when appropriate hygiene practices are followed.

Prediction of wheat fusarium head blight severity levels in southern Henan based on K-means-SMOTE and XGBoost algorithms.

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a destructive disease which adversely affects the yield of wheat. The occurrence and epidemic of wheat FHB are closely related to meteorological information. Firstly, by analyzing eight meteorological factors-rainfall (RAIN), average sunshine hours (ASH), average wind speed (AWS), average temperature (AT), highest temperature (HT), lowest temperature (LT), average relative humidity (ARH), and maximum temperature difference (MTD)-specific periods closely related to wheat FHB severity are identified.

A Salient Object Detection Network Enhanced by Nonlinear Spiking Neural Systems and Transformer.

Although a variety of deep learning-based methods have been introduced for Salient Object Detection (SOD) to RGB and Depth (RGB-D) images, existing approaches still encounter challenges, including inadequate cross-modal feature fusion, significant errors in saliency estimation due to noise in depth information, and limited model generalization capabilities. To tackle these challenges, this paper introduces an innovative method for RGB-D SOD, TranSNP-Net, which integrates Nonlinear Spiking Neural P (NSNP) systems with Transformer networks. TranSNP-Net effectively fuses RGB and depth features by introducing an enhanced feature fusion module (SNPFusion) and an attention mechanism.

Tirofiban protects mice against severe RSV pneumonia by potentially inhibiting platelet activation via the GPIbα-vWF pathway.

This study aimed to investigate the role of platelets in mediating lethal respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection and to explore the potential of antiplatelet therapy as a novel therapeutic approach for RSV infection. Ex vivo and in vivo experiments were used to study the effects of lethal RSV infection on platelet activation, aggregation, and thrombus formation. The emerging therapeutic effect of tirofiban, a GPIIb/IIIa inhibitor, in mitigating RSV-induced pneumonia was also evaluated.

The pan-immune-inflammation value predicts prognosis and chemotherapy-related adverse events in Wilms' tumor patients.

Background: Wilms' tumor (WT) is a common renal malignancy in children. Although certain patient groups exhibit high survival rates, those experiencing recurrence, metastasis, or chemoresistance face significant challenges. The identification of reliable prognostic markers is essential for adapting treatment strategies to enhance survival rates and reduce chemotherapy-related adverse events (CRAEs).

Powering up front-line heroes with obstetric emergency training.

Background: The Obstetric Skills Training for Emergency Team (OBSTET) programme trains front-line healthcare workers to deal with obstetric emergencies.

Objectives: The primary objective was to present the authors' experience with OBSTET workshops. The secondary objectives were to examine participant satisfaction, and compare OBSTET with similar programmes worldwide.

BNC1 inhibits the development and progression of gastric cancer by regulating the CCL20/JAK-STAT axis.

The role of basonuclin 1 (BNC1), a zinc finger protein-specific transcription factor, in gastric cancer remains unclear. In this study, BNC1 was downregulated in gastric cancer and functioned as a tumor suppressor. Through integrative analyses of transcriptome sequencing and functional assays, C-C motif chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) was identified as a direct downstream target of BNC1.

EFCRFNet: A novel multi-scale framework for salient object detection.

Salient Object Detection (SOD) is a fundamental task in computer vision, aiming to identify prominent regions within images. Traditional methods and deep learning-based models often encounter challenges in capturing crucial information in complex scenes, particularly due to inadequate edge feature extraction, which compromises the precise delineation of object contours and boundaries. To address these challenges, we introduce EFCRFNet, a novel multi-scale feature extraction model that incorporates two innovative modules: the Enhanced Conditional Random Field (ECRF) and the Edge Feature Enhancement Module (EFEM).

Nonlinear Spiking Neural Systems for thermal Image Semantic Segmentation Networks.

Thermal and RGB images exhibit significant differences in information representation, especially in low-light or nighttime environments. Thermal images provide temperature information, complementing the RGB images by restoring details and contextual information. However, the spatial discrepancy between different modalities in RGB-Thermal (RGB-T) semantic segmentation tasks complicates the process of multimodal feature fusion, leading to a loss of spatial contextual information and limited model performance.

Bioequivalence and safety assessment of sorafenib tosylate tablets in healthy Chinese subjects under fasting conditions.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the bioequivalence and safety of two formulations of sorafenib in healthy Chinese subjects under fasting conditions.

Methods: A single-center, randomized, open, single-dose, two-formulation, four-period, crossover study was performed in 36 healthy Chinese subjects under fasting conditions. Blood samples were collected within 120 h after administration.

Hope and challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of Wilms tumor: a single-center retrospective study in China.

Background: Wilms tumor (WT), which represents about 90% of kidney tumors in children, is the most prevalent type of renal tumor among children. In developed countries, advancements in treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy have led to high survival rates. However, developing countries face significant challenges, including late-stage diagnosis, metastasis at presentation, and high rates of treatment abandonment.

Impact of donating the larger kidney by CT volumetry on the kidney function, 5-years after living donation.

Purpose: Removing the smaller kidney for donor nephrectomy has been advocated if there is a size difference of ≥ 10% after other anatomical considerations. This study reports the difference in long-term renal function in patients who have their larger kidney removed for donor nephrectomy.

Methods: Data of 104 donors were prospectively collected.

Global-Local Feature Fusion Network Based on Nonlinear Spiking Neural Convolutional Model for MRI Brain Tumor Segmentation.

Due to the differences in size, shape, and location of brain tumors, brain tumor segmentation differs greatly from that of other organs. The purpose of brain tumor segmentation is to accurately locate and segment tumors from MRI images to assist doctors in diagnosis, treatment planning and surgical navigation. NSNP-like convolutional model is a new neural-like convolutional model inspired by nonlinear spiking mechanism of nonlinear spiking neural P (NSNP) systems.

TCAINet an RGB T salient object detection model with cross modal fusion and adaptive decoding.

In the field of deep learning-based object detection, RGB-T salient object detection (SOD) networks show significant potential for cross-modal information fusion. However, existing methods still face considerable challenges in complex scenes. Specifically, current cross-modal feature fusion approaches fail to exploit the complementary information between modalities fully, resulting in limited robustness when handling diverse inputs.

Enhancing Magnetic Contrast through Mineral Phase Transformation: Flotation Performance of Bastnaesite-Transformed Products.

With resource depletion, the integrated utilization of low-grade rare-earth ores has garnered widespread focus. However, conventional beneficiation processes are unable to efficiently recover valuable components. This study provides a mineral phase transformation (MPT) strategy to enhance separation by amplifying the magnetic contrast between bastnaesite and iron minerals.