Serum trimethylamine N-oxide and long-term mortality risk in rural Northern China: A family-based cohort study.

The current study aims to assess associations between trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels and mortality, and to investigate modification effects of genetics. A total of 500 participants from a family-based cohort study were enrolled from 2005 to 2017 and followed up until 2020 in Fangshan District, Beijing, China. Serum TMAO levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit.

Efficacy and safety of first-line treatments for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer based on phase II and III randomized controlled trials: A PROSTA-MAP systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: The landscape of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treatment has evolved greatly; however, limited data are available regarding its relative efficacy and safety. We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis to analyze and compare the effectiveness and safety of first-line therapies for mCRPC, particularly doublet therapy and monotherapy.

Methods: The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from their inception until June 6, 2023.

Sex hormone-binding globulin and sex-specific association between irritable bowel syndrome and type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study.

Objective: To investigate the sex-specific association between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), and further explore whether sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) was an associated factor of the sex-specific association.

Methods: The study was a prospective analysis based on the UK biobank (UKB) data. We included 359 503 participants, all of whom were without diabetes diagnosis and had complete SHBG information at baseline.

Corrigendum: Efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors as first-line treatment for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.

Parental Transmission of Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Offspring: A Prospective Family-Based Cohort Study in Northern China.

While parental type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a known risk factor for offspring T2D, the differential impact of maternal versus paternal transmission remains debated. This prospective family-based cohort study enrolled 4508 diabetes-free adults from Northern China with a median 7.32-year follow-up.

Efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors as first-line treatment for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in the first-line treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and identify factors influencing efficacy through a meta-analysis of multiple phase 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in Cochrane, PubMed, and Embase databases. Two researchers independently extracted trial data, including efficacy-related outcomes such as overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and duration of response (DoR), along with their subgroup data and safety-related indicators.

Effect of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist Pre-Treatment on Outcomes of Fresh and Frozen Embryo Transfers in Women With Adenomyosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study With Literature Review.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) pre-treatment on the clinical outcomes of fresh and frozen embryo transfers (ETs and FETs, respectively) in infertile patients with adenomyosis.

Design: Retrospective cohort study with literature review.

Setting: Peking University First Hospital.

[Gene-gene/gene-environment interaction of transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway and the risk of non-syndromic oral clefts].

Objective: To explore the association between polymorphisms of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway and non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) among Asian populations, while considering gene-gene interaction and gene-environment interaction.

Methods: A total of 1 038 Asian NSCL/P case-parent trios were ascertained from an international consortium, which conducted a genome-wide association study using a case-parent trio design to investigate the genes affec-ting risk to NSCL/P. After stringent quality control measures, 343 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) spanning across 10 pivotal genes in the TGF-β signaling pathway were selected from the original genome-wide association study(GWAS) dataset for further analysis.

[A ssociations of short-term ambient particulate matter exposure and gene with triglyceride-glucose index: A family-based study].

Objective: To explore the effects of short-term particulate matter (PM) exposure and the melatonin receptor 1B () gene on triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index utilizing data from Fang-shan Family-based Ischemic Stroke Study in China (FISSIC).

Methods: Probands and their relatives from 9 rural areas in Fangshan District, Beijing, were included in the study. PM data were obtained from fixed monitoring stations of the National Air Pollution Monitoring System.

Comparison of self-efficacy among graduate teaching assistants before and after training.

Background: Teaching assistants (TAs) play a crucial role in pedagogical practices, and the TA training has emerged as a vital strategy for enhancing teaching quality and fostering effective interactions. The self-efficacy of TAs can substantially impact their performance. Nevertheless, little research has focused on the change in TAs' self-efficacy following their training.

Detecting Gene-Gene Interaction among DNA Repair Genes in Chinese non-Syndromic Cleft lip with or Without Palate Trios.

ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to investigate the gene-gene interactions associated with NSCL/P among DNA repair genes.DesignThis study included 806 NSCL/P case-parent trios from China. Quality control process was conducted for genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in six DNA repair genes (, , , , and ).

Efficacy and Safety of Supplementation in Infants: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Strategies to stabilize and support overall infant health by increasing the number of in the infant gut are of interest, but few studies have systematically addressed this issue. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of use in infants using meta-analysis.

Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews, and SinoMed for publications until 27 July 2022.

Short-Term Exposure to Nitrogen Dioxide Modifies Genetic Predisposition in Blood Lipid and Fasting Plasma Glucose: A Pedigree-Based Study.

(1) Background: Previous studies suggest that exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO) has a negative impact on health. But few studies have explored the association between NO and blood lipids or fasting plasma glucose (FPG), as well as gene-air pollution interactions. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap based on a pedigree cohort in southern China.

Identification of genetic loci jointly influencing COVID-19 and coronary heart diseases.

Background: Comorbidities of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)/coronary heart disease (CHD) pose great threats to disease outcomes, yet little is known about their shared pathology. The study aimed to examine whether comorbidities of COVID-19/CHD involved shared genetic pathology, as well as to clarify the shared genetic variants predisposing risks common to COVID-19 severity and CHD risks.

Methods: By leveraging publicly available summary statistics, we assessed the genetically determined causality between COVID-19 and CHD with bidirectional Mendelian randomization.

Association of major depressive disorder and increased risk of irritable bowel syndrome: A population-based cohort study and a two-sample Mendelian randomization study in the UK biobank.

Objective: To examine the association between depression and the risk of incident irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Methods: We included 98,564 participants free of IBS in the UK biobank. Depression was defined by self-report and Hospital Episode Statistics.

KCNQ1 rs2237892 polymorphism modify the association between short-term ambient particulate matter exposure and fasting blood glucose: A family-based study.

Background: The association between particulate matter and fasting blood glucose (FBG) has shown conflicting results. Genome-wide association studies have shown that KCNQ1 rs2237892 polymorphism is associated with the risk of diabetes. Whether KCNQ1 rs2237892 polymorphism might modify the association between particulate matter and FBG is still uncertain.

Lifestyle Factors, Genetic Risk, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk among Breast Cancer Survivors: A Prospective Cohort Study in UK Biobank.

Background: Evidence is limited regarding the association between lifestyles and cardiovascular disease (CVD), and the extent to which healthy lifestyles could offset the genetic risk of CVD in females with breast cancer (BC).

Methods: Females diagnosed as BC, who were free of CVD at baseline, from UK Biobank were included. Five modifiable lifestyle factors were considered to calculate the healthy lifestyle score, namely body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol drinking, dietary habits, and physical activity.

Dose-response relationships of tea and coffee consumption with gout: a prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank.

Objectives: The association of tea or coffee consumption with gout is inconsistently reported. Few prospective studies have explored their dose-response relationship. Therefore, we aimed to quantitatively investigate the association between tea, coffee and the risk of developing gout.

Synergism of cell adhesion regulatory genes and instant air pollutants on blood pressure elevation.

Accumulating evidence suggests that an instant exposure to particulate matter (PM) may elevate blood pressure (BP), where cell-adhesion regulatory genes may be involved in the interplay. However, few studies to date critically examined their interaction, and it remained unclear whether these genes modified the association. To assess the association between instant PM exposure and BP, and to examine whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) mapped in four cell adhesion regulatory genes modify the relationship, a cross-sectional study was performed, based on the baseline of an ongoing family-based cohort in Beijing, China.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular diseases: A Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Evidence suggests that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the results are inconsistent, and the causality remains to be established.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the potential causal relationship between NAFLD and CVDs, including arterial stiffness, coronary artery disease, heart failure, stroke, ischemic stroke and its subtypes using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR).

Blood DNA methylation markers associated with type 2 diabetes, fasting glucose, and HbA1c levels: An epigenome-wide association study in 316 adult twin pairs.

DNA methylation plays an important role in the development and etiology of type 2 diabetes; however, few epigenomic studies have been conducted on twins. Herein, a two-stage study was performed to explore the associations between DNA methylation and type 2 diabetes, fasting plasma glucose, and HbA1c. DNA methylation in 316 twin pairs from the Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR) was measured using Illumina Infinium BeadChips.

Combined healthy lifestyle score and risk of epigenetic aging: a discordant monozygotic twin study.

We investigated whether lifestyle influences epigenetic aging in 143 monozygotic twin pairs discordant for the combined healthy lifestyle score. Twins were scored for four lifestyle factors as unhealthy or healthy; non-smoker, moderate drinker, adequate fruit and vegetable intake, and sufficient physical activity. The combined healthy lifestyle score was calculated for each participant by summing the binary score for each factor.