Effect Evaluation and Mechanism Study of Polyether Surfactant-Assisted Supercritical Carbon Dioxide-Oil Miscibility Based on the Visible Vanish of Interface Measurement Method.

Research on reducing the minimum miscible pressure (MMP) of CO and oil is imperative for the advancement of CO flooding, which can effectively enhance the recovery of low-permeability reservoirs and enable CO geological storage. However, the conventional methods of determining the MMP (e.g.

Strategic defect engineering and valence modulation in B-doped CeO nanoparticles for highly sensitive and reliable electrochemical detection of p-nitrophenol.

Boron-doped CeO (B-CeO) modified electrodes were developed for the sensitive detection of p-nitrophenol (PNP). The CeO and B-CeO nanomaterials were characterized via various techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the successful doping of B and the maintenance of the crystal structure of CeO were confirmed. The B-CeO showed an average particle size ranging from 50 to 100 nm.

Flavonoids as Signals Mediate Plant-nematode Communication Through Regulating Nematode Perceptual Ability.

Plant root exudates serve as critical mediators of rhizospheric cross-kingdom interactions. Beneficial microorganisms have been demonstrated to promote plant fitness by re-assembling the soil nematode community, yet the mechanisms by which beneficial microorganisms alter the nematode community remain unclear. This study elucidates the fungal-induced nematode recruitment mechanisms through root exudate signaling.

Hyperthermia-Accelerated Ion-Radical Production for Enhanced Tumor Nanocatalytic Therapy with Inhibition of Tumor Growth and Recurrence.

Breast cancer is a significant health concern for women, and traditional chemotherapy, while effective, comes with harsh side effects and high recurrence rates. This necessitates the exploration of alternative therapeutic strategies. Photothermal therapy (PTT) offers a promising alternative, but its limited penetration depth hinders its efficacy in deeper tumors.

[Mechanism of vanillic acid against cardiac fibrosis induced by isoproterenol in mice based on Drp1/HK1/NLRP3 and mitochondrial apoptosis signaling pathways].

This study investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of vanillic acid(VA) against cardiac fibrosis(CF) induced by isoproterenol(ISO) in mice. Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control group, VA group(100 mg·kg~(-1), ig), ISO group(10 mg·kg~(-1), sc), ISO + VA group(10 mg·kg~(-1), sc + 100 mg·kg~(-1), ig), ISO + dynamin-related protein 1(Drp1) inhibitor(Mdivi-1) group(10 mg·kg~(-1), sc + 50 mg·kg~(-1), ip), and ISO + VA + Mdivi-1 group(10 mg·kg~(-1), sc + 100 mg·kg~(-1), ig + 50 mg·kg~(-1), ip). The treatment groups received the corresponding medications once daily for 14 consecutive days.

Simultaneous Determination of Unbound Plasma Concentration of Methotrexate and 7-Hydroxymethotrexate in Children Patients Receiving High-Dose Methotrexate Therapy.

Background: High-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) is seen as an effective therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL); however, it is extremely toxic. Monitoring the plasma concentrations of methotrexate (MTX) and its important metabolite, 7-hydroxy-methotrexate (7-OH-MTX), on a routine basis aids in dose modification of rescue medications and in avoiding toxicity. The pharmacologically active and toxic effects of drugs are due to the unbound portion, as most drugs are bound to plasma proteins to some degree.

hsa_circ_0007376 Promotes Gastric Cancer Proliferation and Malignant Metastasis by Enhancing the Stability of IGF2BP3.

Background/Aims: This study investigated the action of hsa_circ_0007376 in promoting the proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer (GC). Materials and Methods: hsa_circ_0007376 was detected in GC tissues and cells by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. RNase R digestion, nucleoplasmic separation, and actinomycin D assays were conducted to detect the presence of hsa_circ_0007376 and its cyclic nature.

Trends in nanomedicine for colorectal cancer treatment: Bibliometric and visualization analysis (2010-2024).

Background: Recently, numerous studies have reported the application of nanomedicines in colorectal cancer treatment. However, no systematic bibliometric analysis has been conducted to examine the potential and mechanisms of action of nanomedicine in this context. Such an analysis may provide a comprehensive overview of the current research landscape, identify emerging trends, and highlight key areas for future investigation.

Crude Polygalae Radix after boiling with licorice decoction alleviates intestinal mucosal barrier injury of rats by regulating TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Polygala tenuifolia Willd. (pharmacologically termed Polygalae Radix, PR), a nootropic botanical in traditional Chinese medicine, demonstrates anxiolytic and cognitive-enhancing properties with two millennia of documented therapeutic applications. Long-term or large-dose use of crude Polygalae Radix (CPR) causes intestinal injury, which could be reduced by use of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.

Advances in the diagnosis and management of post-percutaneous coronary intervention coronary microvascular dysfunction: Insights into pathophysiology and metabolic risk interactions.

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), as an essential treatment for coronary artery disease, has significantly improved the prognosis of patients with large coronary artery lesions. However, some patients continue to experience myocardial ischemic symptoms post-procedure, largely due to coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD). The pathophysiological mechanisms of CMD are complex and involve endothelial dysfunction, microvascular remodeling, reperfusion injury, and metabolic abnormalities.

Differential responses of root and leaf-associated microbiota to continuous monocultures.

Continuous monocultures alter the composition and function of root-associated microbiota, and thus compromise crop health and productivity. In comparison, little is known about how leaf-associated microbiota respond to continuous monocultures. Here, we profiled root and leaf-associated microbiota of peanut plants under monocropping and rotation conditions.

Apolipoprotein E dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease: a study on miRNA regulation, glial markers, and amyloid pathology.

Introduction: Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) plays a crucial role in lipid homeostasis, predominantly expressed in astrocytes and to a lesser extent in microglia within the central nervous system (CNS). While the allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD), its precise role in AD pathogenesis remains elusive. -knockout (-ko) mice, mice expressing human , and human carriers exhibit similar deficits in lipid metabolism, cognitive and behavioral functions, and neurodegeneration.

3-Dimensional morphological characterization of neuroretinal microglia in Alzheimer's disease via machine learning.

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease that affects 47.5 million people worldwide. AD is characterised by the formation of plaques containing extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyper-phosphorylated tau proteins (pTau).

Highly electroactive mixed-valence-MoO as an electrochemical sensing for effective detection of p-nitrophenol based on the synergistic effect of valence change and oxygen vacancy.

Transition metal oxides (TMOs) can effectively improve the performance of electrochemical detection due to their unique electronic structure and redox properties. However, the lack of reproducibility and the electrical activity of TMOs prepared from conventional preparation methods limit their further development. In this work, amorphous MoO with reductive Mo(V) was successfully synthesized by one-step electrodeposition, and it has excellent detection performance for p-nitrophenol (PNP).

Sensitive detection of Hg(II) on MoS/NiS based on interfacial engineering to accelerate the Ni/Ni cycle: Identification the role of atomic-level heterojunction-induced electron transfer in electroanalysis.

The valence change of transition metal ions in nanomaterials can highly enhance the electrochemical detection performance toward heavy metal ions (HMIs), and how to further promote the valence change calls enormous concerns in electroanalysis. In this work, an interfacial engineering that combing the MoS and NiS together to form the MoS/NiS complex is proposed. The density functional theory (DFT) results reveals that the novel atomic-level heterojunction between MoS and NiS will build an internal electric field (IEF), which leads to an enhanced conductivity and valence change behavior of Ni atoms in MoS/NiS complex, resulting in a superior detection performance.

Chemical Synthesis, Herbicidal Activity, Crop Safety, and Molecular Basis of -Fluoroalkoxy Substituted Sulfonylureas as Novel Acetohydroxyacid Synthase Inhibitors.

In the face of increasing resistance to the currently used commercial herbicides and the lack of success in identifying new herbicide targets, alternative herbicides need to be developed to control unwanted monocotyledon grasses in food crops. Here, a panel of 29 novel sulfonylurea-based compounds with fluoroalkoxy substitutions at the phenyl ring were designed and synthesized. Pot assays demonstrated that two of these compounds, and , have strong herbicidal activities against , , , and Steudel at a dosage of 15 g ha.

Niche and interspecific associations of dominant plant species in antimony mining ecological damaged site in Nandan, Guangxi, China.

In order to provide a guide for plant selection of ecological restoration at antimony (Sb) mining ecological damaged sites, species composition, importance value, niche, and interspecific associations of tree, shrub, and herb layers were examined at Sb mining site in Nandan City, Guangxi, China. The results showed that 23 vascular plant species were recorded at the Sb mining ecological damaged site, belonging to 22 genera and 13 families, primarily Gramineae, Cyperaceae, Fabaceae, and Asteraceae. The highest importance values for trees, shrubs, and herbs were observed in (56.

Root Endophyte-Manipulated Alteration in Rhizodeposits Stimulates in the Rhizosphere to Enhance Drought Resistance in Peanut.

Drought dramatically affects plant growth and yield. A previous study indicated that endophytic fungus can improve the drought resistance of peanuts, which is related with the root arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) community; however, how root endophytes mediate AMF assembly to affect plant drought resistance remains unclear. Here, we explored the mechanism by which endophytic fungus recruits AMF symbiotic partners via rhizodeposits to improve host drought resistance.

High efficiency Hg(II) electrochemical detection based on the number of defect engineering on MoS: Insight in synergistic action of sulfur vacancies and undercoordinated Mo.

Defects on nanomaterials can effectively enhance the performance of electrochemical detection, but an excessive number of defects may have an adverse effect. In this study, MoS nanosheets were synthesized using a hydrothermal synthesis method. By controlling the calcination temperature, MoS-7H, calcined at 700 °C under H/Ar, exhibited an optimal ratio of "point" defects to "plane" defects, resulting in excellent detection performance for mercury ions (Hg(II)).

Diagnostic value of carbohydrate antigen 50 in biliary tract cancer: A large-scale multicenter study.

Background: To date, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) have been widely used for the screening, diagnosis and prediction of biliary tract cancer (BTC) patients. However, few studies with large sample sizes of carbohydrate antigen 50 (CA50) were reported in BTC patients.

Methods: A total of 1121 patients from the Liver Cancer Clin-Bio Databank of Anhui Hepatobiliary Surgery Union between January 2017 and December 2022 were included in this study (673 in the training cohort and 448 in the validation cohort): among them, 458 with BTC, 178 with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 23 with combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma, and 462 with nontumor patients.

Electrochemical stereoselective synthesis of polysubstituted 1,4-dicarbonyl -alkenes three-component coupling of sulfoxonium ylides and alkynes with water.

The first straightforward strategy for the synthesis of 1,4-dicarbonyl -alkenes has been developed an electrochemical cross-coupling reaction of sulfoxonium ylides and alkynes with water. The metal-free protocol showed an easy-to-handle nature, good functional group tolerance, and high -stereoselectivity, which is rare in previous cases. The proposed reaction mechanism was convincingly established by carrying out a series of control experiments, cyclic voltammetry experiments, and density functional theory (DFT) studies.

Depletion of protective microbiota promotes the incidence of fruit disease.

Plant-associated microbiomes play important roles in plant health and productivity. However, despite fruits being directly linked to plant productivity, little is known about the microbiomes of fruits and their potential association with fruit health. Here, by integrating 16S rRNA gene, ITS high-throughput sequencing data, and microbiological culturable approaches, we reported that roots and fruits (pods) of peanut, a typical plant that bears fruits underground, recruit different bacterial and fungal communities independently of cropping conditions and that the incidence of pod disease under monocropping conditions is attributed to the depletion of Bacillus genus and enrichment of Aspergillus genus in geocarposphere.

Educational attainment, income, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A mediation analysis based on two-step Mendelian randomization.

Previous studies have reported the relationship between educational attainment and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the mechanism of this relationship remains unknown. It is well known that educational attainment correlates with income.

Electrochemical chemoselective hydrogenation of 1,4-enediones with HFIP as the hydrogen donor: scalable access to 1,4-diketones.

A straightforward electrochemical protocol for efficient hydrogenation of unsaturated CC bonds has been reported in an undivided cell. A series of versatile 1,4-diketones are smoothly generated under metal-free and external-reductant-free electrolytic conditions. Moreover, the tolerance of various functional groups and decagram-scale experiments have shown the practicability and potential applications of this methodology.