Mechanistic Insights into Aflatoxin B and M Degradation by HNGD-Mq02 from Wheat Koji and Its Application in Food Detoxification.

Aflatoxin B (AFB), the most toxic and prevalent mycotoxin in food and feed, and its hydroxylated metabolite aflatoxin M (AFM), common in dairy products, pose serious health risks. Effective degradation of these toxins is thus a key goal in food safety. In this study, HNGD-Mq02 was isolated and assessed for its ability to degrade AFB and AFM.

Identification of an M20 Family Metallopeptidase with Amidohydrolase Activity from HNGD-HTN06 and Simultaneous Degradation of Ochratoxin A, Aflatoxin B, and Zearalenone.

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a ubiquitous mycotoxin, highlighting the need for efficient strategies to eliminate it. In this study, an effective OTA-degrading bacterium, strain HNGD-HTN06, was isolated from soil. OTA hydrolase was obtained through the integration of genome identification and heterologous expression.

Bacterial Co-Infection Delays Hepatitis B Virus Clearance in a Chronic Replication Mouse Model by Inducing T Cell Exhaustion.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and bacterial infections are major global health concerns. However, the impact of bacterial co-infection on HBV clearance remains unclear. To investigate how bacterial co-infection affects HBV clearance, we used a mouse model with chronic HBV replication and Klebsiella pneumoniae co-infection.

Edge-feeding synchronous epitaxy of layer-controlled graphene films on heterogeneous catalytic substrates.

Compared with single-layer two-dimensional (2D) materials, bilayer, trilayer, and few-layer 2D materials exhibit enhanced band structure tunability, improved electrical and thermal properties, and superior mechanical strength and barrier performance. However, the layer-controlled synthesis of 2D films with high layer number uniformity remains challenging, due to the difficulty in the additional layer nucleation and the effective realization of layer-by-layer growth. Herein, we report an edge-feeding synchronous epitaxial growth mode breaking the limit of traditional epitaxy theories.

Spatial and single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals fibroblasts dependent immune environment in colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) exhibits a complex tumor microenvironment with significant cellular heterogeneity, particularly involving cancer-associated fibroblasts that influence tumor behavior and metastasis. This study integrated single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics to dissect fibroblast heterogeneity in CRC. Data processing employed Seurat for quality control, principal component analysis for dimensionality reduction, and t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding for visualization.

New insight in immunotherapy and combine therapy in colorectal cancer.

The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment marks a major breakthrough. These therapies have proven safer and more effective than traditional radiotherapy and targeted treatments. Immunotherapies like pembrolizumab, nivolumab, and ipilimumab have pioneered new treatment avenues, potentially improving patient outcomes and quality of life.

Spatial transcriptomic revealed intratumor heterogeneity and cancer stem cell enrichment in colorectal cancer metastasis.

Metastasis is the main cause of mortality in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Exploring the mechanisms of metastasis is of great importance in both clinical and fundamental CRC research. CRC is a highly heterogeneous disease with variable therapeutic outcomes of treatment.

WWP1 inhibition increases SHP2 inhibitor efficacy in colorectal cancer.

Protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 activates RAS signaling, which is a novel target for colorectal cancer (CRC) therapy. However, SHP2 inhibitor monotherapy is ineffective for metastatic CRC and a combination therapy is required. In this study, we aimed to improve the antitumor efficacy of SHP2 inhibition and try to explore the resistance mechanism of SHP2 inhibitor.

Impact and potential value of immunosenescence on solid gastrointestinal tumors.

Solid gastrointestinal tumors often respond poorly to immunotherapy for the complex tumor microenvironment (TME), which is exacerbated by immune system alterations. Immunosenescence is the process of increased diversification of immune genes due to aging and other factors, leading to a decrease in the recognition function of the immune system. This process involves immune organs, immune cells, and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP).

Characterization, Mechanism, and Application of Dipeptidyl Peptidase III: An Aflatoxin B-Degrading Enzyme from HNGD-TM15.

Aflatoxin B is a notorious mycotoxin with mutagenicity and carcinogenicity, posing a serious hazard to human and animal health. In this study, an AFB-degrading dipeptidyl-peptidase III mining from HNGD-TM15 (ADPP III) with a molecular weight of 79 kDa was identified. ADPP III exhibited optimal activity toward AFB at 40 °C and pH 7.

Thermo-Alkali-Tolerant Recombinant Laccase from and Its Degradation Potential against Zearalenone and Aflatoxin B.

The enzymatic biodegradation of mycotoxins in food and feed has attracted the most interest in recent years. In this paper, the laccase gene from was cloned and expressed in BL 21(D3). The sequence analysis indicated that the gene consisted of 1533 bp.

Omicron breakthrough infections after triple-dose inactivated COVID-19 vaccination: A comprehensive analysis of antibody and T-cell responses.

This study longitudinally evaluated the immune response in individuals over a year after receiving three doses of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, focusing on reactions to Omicron breakthrough infections. From 63 blood samples of 37 subjects, results showed that the third booster enhanced the antibody response against Alpha, Beta, and Delta VOCs but was less effective against Omicron. Although antibody titres decreased post-vaccination, SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses, both CD4 and CD8, remained stable.

Characterization, Structural Analysis, and Thermal Stability Mutation of a New Zearalenone-Degrading Enzyme Mined from .

Zearalenone (ZEN) is a widespread mycotoxin that causes serious damage to animal husbandry and poses a threat to human health. A screen of ZEN-degrading soil bacteria yielded YT-4, which yielded 80% ZEN degradation after 6 h and 95% after 36 h. The gene sequence encoding the degradative enzyme ZENY was mined from the genome of YT-4 and expressed in yeast.

Mechanism of inactivation of Aspergillus flavus spores by dielectric barrier discharge plasma.

Dielectric barrier discharge plasma (DBDP) displays strong against fungal spores, while its precise mechanism of spore inactivation remains inadequately understood. In this study, we applied morphological, in vivo and in vitro experiments, transcriptomics, and physicochemical detection to unveil the potential molecular pathways underlying the inactivation of Aspergillus flavus spores by DBDP. Our findings suggested that mycelium growth was inhibited as observed by SEM after 30 s treatment at 70 kV, meanwhile spore germination ceased and clustering occurred.

Advances in DNA damage response inhibitors in colorectal cancer therapy.

One potential cause of cancer is genomic instability that arises in normal cells due to years of DNA damage in the body. The clinical application of radiotherapy and cytotoxic drugs to treat cancer is based on the principle of damaging the DNA of cancer cells. However, the benefits of these treatments also have negative effects on normal tissue.

Mining Lactonase Gene from Aflatoxin B-Degrading Strain and Degrading Properties of the Recombinant Enzyme.

Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites mainly produced by filamentous fungal species that commonly contaminate food and feed. Aflatoxin B (AFB) is extremely toxic and seriously threatens the health of humans and animals. In this work, the HNGD-A6 was obtained and showed a 94.

Antibacterial properties of hexanal-chitosan nanoemulsion against Vibrio parahaemolyticus and its application in shelled shrimp preservation at 4 °C.

Vibrio parahaemolyticus has been considered as the leading pathogen associated with seafood-borne disease. Hexanal possesses antibacterial property but the hydrophobicity and volatility limit its application. The purpose of this study was to prepare hexanal-chitosan nanoemulsion (HCN), investigate its antibacterial ability against V.

CRISPR-dCpf1 mediated whole genome crRNA inhibition library for high-throughput screening of growth characteristic genes in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens LB1ba02.

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens LB1ba02 is generally recognized as food safe (GRAS) microbial host and important enzyme-producing strain in the industry. However, autolysis affects the growth of bacteria, further affecting the yield of target products. Besides, the restriction-modification system, existed in B.

Neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy combined with immunotherapy for microsatellite stable ultra-low rectal cancer (CHOICE II): study protocol of a multicentre prospective randomised clinical trial.

Introduction: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) could bring tumour shrinking and downstaging and increase the probability of organ preservation for patients with low rectal cancer. But for ultra-low rectal cancer, there is little possibility for organ preservation. Immunotherapy has been shown to have significant survival benefits in microsatellite instability-high patients but poor response in microsatellite stable (MSS) patients.

Infiltration of porcine pancreatic lipase into magnetic hierarchical mesoporous UiO-66-NH metal-organic frameworks for efficient detoxification of patulin from apple juice.

Patulin (PAT) is a mycotoxin known to globally contaminate fruits. The economic losses and health hazards caused by PAT desires a safe and efficient strategy for detoxifying PAT. Here, a magnetic core-shell hierarchical mesoporous metal-organic framework (FeO@HMUiO-66-NH) was synthesized via a salt-assisted nanoemulsion guided assembly method.

An impressive pristine biochar from food waste digestate for arsenic(V) removal from water: Performance, optimization, and mechanism.

Anaerobic digestion has become a global practice for valorizing food waste, but the recycling of the digestate (FWD) remains challenging. This study aimed to address this issue by utilizing FWD as a low-cost feedstock for Ca-rich biochar production. The results demonstrated that biochar pyrolyzed at 900 °C exhibited impressive As(V) adsorption performance without any modifications.