Advances and Future Perspectives for the Management of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in Australia: A Narrative Review.

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in Australia, with diagnoses projected to rise further following the introduction of the National Lung Cancer Screening Program in July 2025. Comprehensive molecular profiling has become central to the management of non-small cell lung cancer, enabling tailored therapies such as chemoimmunotherapy, immunotherapy, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors in perioperative, adjuvant, and palliative settings. With the emergence of perioperative systemic therapies and novel agents for the management of metastatic disease, there is a need to ensure that equitable care is delivered across Australia.

Edge-feeding synchronous epitaxy of layer-controlled graphene films on heterogeneous catalytic substrates.

Compared with single-layer two-dimensional (2D) materials, bilayer, trilayer, and few-layer 2D materials exhibit enhanced band structure tunability, improved electrical and thermal properties, and superior mechanical strength and barrier performance. However, the layer-controlled synthesis of 2D films with high layer number uniformity remains challenging, due to the difficulty in the additional layer nucleation and the effective realization of layer-by-layer growth. Herein, we report an edge-feeding synchronous epitaxial growth mode breaking the limit of traditional epitaxy theories.

Autotrophic denitrification in coking wastewater treatment systems: Comprehensive comparative study of full-scale systems in China.

The biological treatment of coking wastewater faces challenges due to high toxicity, high nitrogen loading, and excessive carbon demand. This study comprehensively investigated the pollutant removal performance, microbial community diversity, and metabolic functions of 14 full-scale coking wastewater treatment systems (CWWs) in China, aiming to explore pollutant removal mechanisms to reduce environmental impacts. The dominant functional microorganisms exhibit significant variations across different CWWs.

Establishing a New Benchmark in Quantum Computational Advantage with 105-qubit Zuchongzhi 3.0 Processor.

In the relentless pursuit of quantum computational advantage, we present a significant advancement with the development of Zuchongzhi 3.0. This superconducting quantum computer prototype, comprising 105 qubits, achieves high operational fidelities, with single-qubit gates, two-qubit gates, and readout fidelity at 99.

Strong electron-phonon coupling in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene.

The unusual properties of superconductivity in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (MATBG) have sparked considerable research interest. However, despite the dedication of intensive experimental efforts and the proposal of several possible pairing mechanisms, the origin of its superconductivity remains elusive. Here, by utilizing angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with micrometre spatial resolution, we reveal flat-band replicas in superconducting MATBG, where MATBG is unaligned with its hexagonal boron nitride substrate.

Conformational alterations and functional changes of pepsin induced by a novel food supplement tetrahydrocurcumin: Multispectral techniques and computer simulations.

Tetrahydrocurcumin (THC), as a novel food supplement, has generated significant interests for its potential impact on health and nutrition. Pepsin serves as the primary enzyme involved in the digestive mechanism. This research investigated the conformational and functional alterations of pepsin induced by THC using multispectral techniques and computer simulations.

The histopathological spectrum and molecular changes associated with KRAS G12C mutation in non-small cell lung carcinoma.

KRAS G12C is the most common KRAS mutation in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), for which targeted therapy has recently been developed. From the 732 cases of NSCLC that underwent next-generation sequencing at the Department of Anatomical Pathology, Liverpool Hospital, between July 2021 and May 2023, we retrieved 83 (11%) consecutive cases of KRAS G12C mutated NSCLC, and analysed their clinical, pathological, and molecular features. Of the 83 cases of KRAS G12C mutated NSCLC, there were 46 (55%) men and 37 (45%) women, with mean age of 72 years.

The potential impact of 6PPD and its oxidation product 6PPD-quinone on human health: A case study on their interaction with human serum albumin.

6PPD and its oxidation product, 6PPD-quinone have garnered widespread attention due to their adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems and human health, and are recognized as emerging pollutants. In this study, we investigated the interaction mechanism between 6PPD/6PPD-quinone and human serum albumin (HSA) through various experiments. Experimental findings reveal that the IC values of 6PPD-quinone and 6PPD against HEK293T cells were 11.

Melatonin activates Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathway to antagonizes oxidative stress-induced injury via melatonin receptor 1 (MT1) in cryopreserved mice ovarian tissue.

Our previous research has shown that melatonin (MLT) can reduce cryopreserved ovarian damage in mice. Yet, the molecular mechanism of MLT protection is still unclear. Some studies have shown that melatonin receptor 1 (MT1) is very important for animal reproductive system.

Exploring the therapeutic potential of rutin through investigating its inhibitory mechanism on lactate dehydrogenase: Multi-spectral methods and computer simulation.

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), a crucial enzyme in anaerobic glycolysis, plays a pivotal role in the energy metabolism of tumor cells, positioning it as a promising target for tumor treatment. Rutin, a plant-based flavonoid, offers benefits like antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and antineoplastic effects. This study employed diverse experiments to investigate the inhibitory mechanism of rutin on LDH through a binding perspective.

Molecular insight on the binding of halogenated organic phosphate esters to human serum albumin and its effect on cytotoxicity of halogenated organic phosphate esters.

Halogenated Organic Phosphate Esters (OPEs) are commonly found in plasticizers and flame retardants. However, they are one kind of persistent contaminants that can pose a significant threat to human health and ecosystem as new environmental estrogen. In this study, two representative halogenated OPEs, tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCP) and tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate (TDBP), were selected as experimental subjects to investigate their interaction with human serum albumin (HSA).

Improvement of electrothermal and photothermal properties of ultra-thin graphite film on oxygen plasma-treated polyimide substrate.

Graphene and its derivatives are widely used in the field of energy conversion and management due to their excellent physical and chemical properties. In this paper, ultra-thin graphite film (GF) with thickness of 100-150 nm prepared by chemical vapor deposition was transferred to oxygen plasma-treated polyimide (PI) substrate as flexible heating film. The electrothermal and photothermal properties of GF on PI substrates with different treatment time were studied.

Correlations between multimodal neuroimaging and peripheral inflammation in different subtypes and mood states of bipolar disorder: a systematic review.

Background: Systemic inflammation-immune dysregulation and brain abnormalities are believed to contribute to the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder (BD). However, the connections between peripheral inflammation and the brain, especially the interactions between different BD subtypes and episodes, remain to be elucidated. Therefore, we conducted the present study to provide a comprehensive understanding of the complex association between peripheral inflammation and neuroimaging findings in patients with bipolar spectrum disorders.

False-Positive Metastatic Bone Disease on FDG PET/CT Due to Multilevel Tophaceous Gout of the Spine.

A 74-year-old woman was referred for 18 F-FDG PET/CT for the evaluation of incidental CT finding of expansile destruction of left L4/5 facet joint with associated soft tissue mass concerning for a metastatic deposit. The FDG PET/CT revealed variable abnormally increased FDG activity involving multiple facet joints in all regions of the spine with corresponding expansile "punched-out" lytic lesions with sclerotic rims and overhanging margins on CT, raising the possibility of inflammatory polyarthropathy, including gout, as a differential diagnosis. Dual-energy CT of lumbar spine and CT-guided biopsy and culture of the left L4/5 facet joint demonstrated the presence of urate crystal deposition with no evidence of malignancy or infection, confirming the diagnosis of multilevel tophaceous gout of the spine.

Variations in Patterns of Prescribing Durvalumab in Stage III Lung Cancer: A Survey of Australian Medical Oncologists.

Introduction: Local Australian guidelines for the optimal management of stage III unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are lacking. The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) guidelines recommend consolidation durvalumab for all patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC, irrespective of their PD-L1 expression or driver mutation status. The European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) differs, with consolidation durvalumab only recommended in those patients whose tumours express PD-L1.

Sn Whiskers from TiSnC Max Phase: Bridging Dual-Functionality in Electromagnetic Attenuation.

In the ever-evolving landscape of complex electromagnetic (EM) environments, the demand for EM-attenuating materials with multiple functionalities has grown. 1D metals, known for their high conductivity and ability to form networks that facilitate electron migration, stand out as promising candidates for EM attenuation. Presently, they find primary use in electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, but achieving a dual-purpose application for EMI shielding and microwave absorption (MA) remains a challenge.

Topological electronic structure and spin texture of quasi-one-dimensional higher-order topological insulator BiBr.

The notion of topological insulators (TIs), characterized by an insulating bulk and conducting topological surface states, can be extended to higher-order topological insulators (HOTIs) hosting gapless modes localized at the boundaries of two or more dimensions lower than the insulating bulk. In this work, by performing high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements with submicron spatial and spin resolution, we systematically investigate the electronic structure and spin texture of quasi-one-dimensional (1D) HOTI candidate BiBr. In contrast to the bulk-state-dominant spectra on the (001) surface, we observe gapped surface states on the (100) surface, whose dispersion and spin-polarization agree well with our ab-initio calculations.

Impacts of Halogen Substitutions on Bisphenol A Compounds Interaction with Human Serum Albumin: Exploring from Spectroscopic Techniques and Computer Simulations.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disrupting compound, and the binding mechanism of BPA with carrier proteins has drawn widespread attention. Halogen substitutions can significantly impact the properties of BPA, resulting in various effects for human health. Here, we selected tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and tetrachlorobisphenol A (TCBPA) to investigate the interaction between different halogen-substituted BPAs and human serum albumin (HSA).

A novel survival rat model of hyperkalemia and landiolol induced cardioplegic arrest and resuscitation via cardiopulmonary bypass.

Objective: A small animal model would be an effective tool for research on the pathophysiology of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). However, numerous CPB models do not involve myocardial arrest and resuscitation. The aim of this research is to establish an easily achievable myocardial arrest and resuscitation CPB model through hyperkalemia and landiolol, simulating clinical cardiac surgery.

Twist-Induced Modification in the Electronic Structure of Bilayer WSe.

The recent discovery of strongly correlated phases in twisted transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) highlights the significant impact of twist-induced modifications on electronic structures. In this study, we employed angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with submicrometer spatial resolution (μ-ARPES) to investigate these modifications by comparing valence band structures of twisted (5.3°) and nontwisted (AB-stacked) bilayer regions within the same WSe device.

Investigation on the interaction of aromatic organophosphate flame retardants with human serum albumin via computer simulations, multispectroscopic techniques and cytotoxicity assay.

Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) are newly emerging estrogenic environmental pollutants, which attracted widespread public interest owing to their potential threats to human. Here, the interaction between two typical aromatic OPFRs, TPHP/EHDPP and HSA was researched by different experiments. Experimental results indicated that TPHP/EHDPP can insert the site I of HSA and be encircled by several amino acid residues, Asp451, Glu292, Lys195, Trp214 and Arg218 played vital roles in this binding process.

Large-scale and tunable transparent displays based on silver nanoparticles metasurface.

We report a transparent display based on a metasurface of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), consisting of a transparent substrate and a layer of Ag NPs deposited by a dielectric film. The Ag NPs metasurface is prepared by a simple and direct annealing process. It presents a deep transmission valley at the wavelength of= 468 nm and enables desired transparent display by projecting the monochromatic image onto the metasurface.

Topology Hierarchy of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Built from Quantum Spin Hall Layers.

The evolution of the physical properties of 2D material from monolayer limit to the bulk reveals unique consequences from dimension confinement and provides a distinct tuning knob for applications. Monolayer 1T'-phase transition metal dichalcogenides (1T'-TMDs) with ubiquitous quantum spin Hall (QSH) states are ideal 2D building blocks of various 3D topological phases. However, the stacking geometry has been previously limited to the bulk 1T'-WTe type.

Treatment patterns and long-term survival outcomes for patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer: A retrospective study.

Aim: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Australia with poor long-term survival outcomes. Stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a highly heterogenous group with diverse tumor characteristics and multiple, possible treatment options. We present retrospective data on patient characteristics, treatment patterns, and long-term outcomes in stage III NSCLC patients treated at a single cancer center in New South Wales, Australia.

Comparison of airborne bacteria and fungi in different built environments in selected cities in five climate zones of China.

Bioaerosols in different built environments and climate zones have unique effects on occupant health, which demands comparisons of their characteristics to make targeted control measures. This study investigated bioaerosol distribution in five different climate zones across China with four building types (n = 686 rooms). The results showed significant disparities in bioaerosol concentrations among various buildings and climate zones.