Association between fibrinogen levels and mortality following cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Cardiac arrest (CA) is a critical condition that would cause high mortality. Fibrinogen, as a macromolecular protein involved in both inflammatory response and coagulation regulation, was reported to be associated with a series of life-threatening conditions. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between fibrinogen level and prognosis of patients after cardiac arrest.

ARRDC3 promotes lysosome-mediated YAP degradation to inhibit enterovirus replication.

Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) and enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) are two major types of enteroviruses that pose emerging challenges to public health and have the potential to cause outbreaks, yet their pathogenic mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Arrestin domain containing 3 (ARRDC3) is a vital regulator of glucose metabolism, cancer development, and inflammation. Whether ARRDC3 contributes to innate antiviral immunity is undefined.

SREGS: Sparse-view Gaussian radiance fields with geometric regularization and region exploration.

Recent advances in few-shot novel-view synthesis based on 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) have shown remarkable progress. Existing methods usually rely on carefully designed geometric regularizers to reinforce geometric supervision; however, applying multiple regularizers consistently across scenes is hard to tune and often degrades robustness. Consequently, generating reliable geometry from extremely sparse viewpoints remains a key challenge.

Prospective Phase 2 Clinical Trial of Carbon Ion Radiation Therapy Combined With Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Carcinoma.

Purpose: In locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma (LAPC), combining chemotherapy with photon radiation therapy has not demonstrated survival benefits over chemotherapy alone. Conversely, carbon ion radiation therapy (CIRT) has shown encouraging outcomes from Japanese studies. The purpose of this trial was to assess the efficacy and toxicities of CIRT combined with chemotherapy in LAPC through a prospective phase 2 clinical trial.

Flexible Ureteroscopy with a Flexible and Navigable Suction Ureteral Access Sheath Versus Mini-Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy for Treatment of 2-3 cm Renal Stones: An International, Multicenter, Randomized, Noninferiority Trial.

Background And Objective: The efficacy and safety of flexible ureteroscopy (f-URS) using a flexible and navigable suction ureteral access sheath (FANS) versus mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (mPCNL) for 2-3 cm renal stones remain controversial. Our aim was to conduct a study to address the evidence gap.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, noninferiority, randomized controlled trial in which 720 patients were enrolled across 12 centers in China, Turkey, Russia, India, and Malaysia from August 2024 to February 2025.

Remote ischemia precondition protects against renal IRI through apoptosis associated vesicles carrying MIF protein via modulating DUSP6/JNK signaling axis.

Background: Remote ischemic preconditioning (rIPC) has been reported to protect against kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) through the delivery of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Among these, apoptosis-induced compensatory proliferation signaling-related vesicles (ACPSVs) can transmit proliferation signals to surrounding cells. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

DASNeRF: depth consistency optimization, adaptive sampling, and hierarchical structural fusion for sparse view neural radiance fields.

To address the challenges of significant detail loss in Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF) under sparse-view input conditions, this paper proposes the DASNeRF framework. DASNeRF aims to generate high-detail novel views from a limited number of input viewpoints. To address the limitations of few-shot NeRF, including insufficient depth information and detail loss, DASNeRF introduces accurate depth priors and employs a depth constraint strategy combining relative depth ordering fidelity regularization and depth structural consistency regularization.

Oily fish intake reduces the risk of nephrolithiasis: A cross-sectional and Mendelian randomization study.

Purpose: The study aimed to explore the relationship between different types of meat intake and the risk of nephrolithiasis using NHANES data and Mendelian randomization (MR) techniques.

Materials And Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study supplemented by a two-sample MR approach. Weighted multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analysis was conducted on the gathered data to assess the link between meat consumption and the risk of developing kidney stones.

A landslide area segmentation method based on an improved UNet.

As remote sensing technology matures, landslide target segmentation has become increasingly important in disaster prevention, control, and urban construction, playing a crucial role in disaster loss assessment and post-disaster rescue. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved UNet-based landslide segmentation algorithm. Firstly, the feature extraction structure of the model was redesigned by integrating dilated convolution and EMA attention mechanism to enhance the model's ability to extract image features.

Xuebijing injection alleviates septic acute kidney injury by modulating inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Background: Xuebijing (XBJ) injection has been used to treat sepsis. However, the effect and mechanism of XBJ injection in the treatment of septic acute kidney injury (AKI) is unknown. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effect of XBJ injection on septic AKI and elucidate its possible mechanisms.

NAD+ Suppresses EV-D68 Infection by Enhancing Anti-Viral Effect of SIRT1.

Enterovirus 68 (EV-D68) is a non-enveloped virus with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome that causes respiratory diseases and acute flaccid myelitis, posing significant threats to human health. However, an effective vaccine remains undeveloped. SIRT1, a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent enzyme, plays a key role in cellular metabolism, but its interaction with NAD+ during viral infections is not well understood.

Multi-step depth enhancement refine network with multi-view stereo.

This paper introduces an innovative multi-view stereo matching network-the Multi-Step Depth Enhancement Refine Network (MSDER-MVS), aimed at improving the accuracy and computational efficiency of high-resolution 3D reconstruction. The MSDER-MVS network leverages the potent capabilities of modern deep learning in conjunction with the geometric intuition of traditional 3D reconstruction techniques, with a particular focus on optimizing the quality of the depth map and the efficiency of the reconstruction process.Our key innovations include a dual-branch fusion structure and a Feature Pyramid Network (FPN) to effectively extract and integrate multi-scale features.

Enhanced therapeutic effects of hypoxia-preconditioned mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles in renal ischemic injury.

Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been shown to provide significant protection against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Hypoxia has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance the tissue repair capabilities of MSCs. However, the specific effects of hypoxia on MSCs and MSC-EVs, as well as their therapeutic potential in renal IRI, remain unclear.

Correction: Zhang et al. Interactions of Self-Assembled Polysaccharide Nanoparticles with Bovine Serum Albumin and Biodistribution of Its Docetaxel-Loaded Nanoparticles. 2019, , 43.

In the original publication [...

Multidimensional Directionality-Enhanced Segmentation via large vision model.

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) facilitates a comprehensive examination of macular edema and associated lesions. Manual delineation of retinal fluid is labor-intensive and error-prone, necessitating an automated diagnostic and therapeutic planning mechanism. Conventional supervised learning models are hindered by dataset limitations, while Transformer-based large vision models exhibit challenges in medical image segmentation, particularly in detecting small, subtle lesions in OCT images.

Computer-assisted diagnosis for axillary lymph node metastasis of early breast cancer based on transformer with dual-modal adaptive mid-term fusion using ultrasound elastography.

Accurate preoperative qualitative assessment of axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) in early breast cancer patients is crucial for precise clinical staging and selection of axillary treatment strategies. Although previous studies have introduced artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance the assessment performance of ALNM, they all focus on the prediction performances of their AI models and neglect the clinical assistance to the radiologists, which brings some issues to the clinical practice. To this end, we propose a human-AI collaboration strategy for ALNM diagnosis of early breast cancer, in which a novel deep learning framework, termed DAMF-former, is designed to assist radiologists in evaluating ALNM.

A study of quantifying the influence of kitchen human activity on indoor air quality dynamics.

Indoor air quality (IAQ) is increasingly recognised as one of the critical factors influencing human health, particularly given the amount of time people spend indoors. This study investigated the impact of real-life kitchen human activity (KHA) on IAQ. We used low-cost sensors to measure real-time concentrations of smoke, carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate matter (PM and PM) in the kitchen of a household with three adults, analysing KHAs by dividing them into five categories.

OD-MVSNet: Omni-dimensional dynamic multi-view stereo network.

Multi-view stereo based on learning is a critical task in three-dimensional reconstruction, enabling the effective inference of depth maps and the reconstruction of fine-grained scene geometry. However, the results obtained by current popular 3D reconstruction methods are not precise, and achieving high-accuracy scene reconstruction remains challenging due to the pervasive impact of feature extraction and the poor correlation between cost and volume. In addressing these issues, we propose a cascade deep residual inference network to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of multi-view stereo depth estimation.

Enhanced multi view 3D reconstruction with improved MVSNet.

Although 3D reconstruction has been widely used in many fields as a key component of environment perception, existing technologies still have the potential for further improvement in 3D scene reconstruction. We propose an improved reconstruction algorithm based on the MVSNet network architecture. To glean richer pixel details from images, we suggest deploying a DE module integrated with a residual framework, which supplants the prevailing feature extraction mechanism.

Local Tumor Progression Predictive Model Based on MRI for Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases after Radiofrequency Ablation.

Purpose: To investigate the post-radiofrequency ablation (RFA) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics in patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer and to build a predictive model for local tumor progression based on these imaging markers.

Materials And Methods: A cohort of 73 patients with 110 colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM) who underwent RFA and MRI one month post-ablation was included in image signs analysis and predictive model training. Using a newly developed MRI appearance scoring criteria, MR Image Appearance Scoring at One Month after RFA (MRIAS 1MO), the semi-quantitative analysis of MRI findings within the ablation zone were conducted independently by two radiologists.

DRD4 alleviates acute kidney injury by suppressing ISG15/NOX4 axis-associated oxidative stress.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a life-threatening health condition associated with increasing morbidity and mortality. Despite extensive research on the mechanisms underlying AKI, effective clinical tools for prediction and treatment remain scarce. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage play a critical role in AKI and dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) has been confirmed to be associated with oxidative stress.

Prioritized experience replay in path planning via multi-dimensional transition priority fusion.

Introduction: Deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG)-based path planning algorithms for intelligent robots struggle to discern the value of experience transitions during training due to their reliance on a random experience replay. This can lead to inappropriate sampling of experience transitions and overemphasis on edge experience transitions. As a result, the algorithm's convergence becomes slower, and the success rate of path planning diminishes.

Biological and clinical significance of radiomics features obtained from magnetic resonance imaging preceding pre-carbon ion radiotherapy in prostate cancer based on radiometabolomics.

Introduction: We aimed to investigate the feasibility of metabolomics to explain the underlying biological implications of radiomics features obtained from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) preceding carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) in patients with prostate cancer and to further explore the clinical significance of radiomics features on the prognosis of patients, based on their biochemical recurrence (BCR) status.

Methods: Metabolomic results obtained using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry of urine samples, combined with pre-RT radiomic features extracted from MRI images, were evaluated to investigate their biological significance. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was subsequently conducted to examine the correlation between these biological implications and clinical BCR status.