The Ralstonia solanacearum effector RipAV targets plant U-box proteins and induces proteasomal-dependent degradation of BIK1.

Plants have developed a complex immune system to detect and respond to invading pathogens. A critical aspect of this defense relies on regulatory mechanisms that control the activation of immune responses, ensuring these are efficient yet do not compromise overall plant performance. Ralstonia solanacearum is a soil-borne bacterial pathogen that causes bacterial wilt disease in many plant species.

Midkine attenuates amyloid-β fibril assembly and plaque formation.

Proteomic profiling of Alzheimer disease (AD) brains has identified numerous understudied proteins, including midkine (MDK), that are highly upregulated and correlated with amyloid-β (Aβ) from the early disease stage but their roles in disease progression are not fully understood. Here, we present that MDK attenuates Aβ assembly and influences amyloid formation in the 5xFAD amyloidosis mouse model. MDK protein mitigates fibril formation of both Aβ40 and Aβ42 peptides according to thioflavin T fluorescence, circular dichroism, negative-stain electron microscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.

Synthetic microbial communities: A new strategy to enhance texture, taste, and flavor attributes of slightly fermented dried bonito.

This study investigated the effects of the inoculation of synthetic microbial communities (SynComs), including Staphylococcus carnosus, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Bacillus coagulans, and Kluyveromyces marxianus, on the safety, texture, taste, and flavor profiles of slightly fermented dried bonito. The results showed that all slightly fermented samples contained very low levels of total volatile base nitrogen and histamine, the fish proteins underwent acid denaturation and coagulation after fermentation, forming a dense and stable three-dimensional network structure that contributed to the appearance of the final products. A synergistic effect among S.

Bioactive Peptides Derived from Tuna: Screening, Extraction, Bioactivity, and Mechanism of Action.

Peptides play a crucial role in the development of pharmaceuticals and functional foods. Multiple studies have shown that natural bioactive peptides possess antioxidant, antihypertensive, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory activities. Marine bioactive peptides, especially those sourced from fish, constitute a substantial reservoir of these molecules.

The development and validation of a privacy-preserving model based on federated learning for diagnosing severe pediatric pneumonia.

Background: There is a challenge of in diagnostic testing of pneumonia in children, especially severe pneumonia. Thus, developing an auxiliary diagnostic model to help identify severe pneumonia in pediatric patients at an early stage would be highly valuable to address the issues. To overcome the issue of privacy protection, we applied a privacy-preserving machine learning framework to build a multicenter diagnostic model based on federated learning technology.

Proteomic landscape of Alzheimer's disease: emerging technologies, advances and insights (2021 - 2025).

The advancements of proteomics technologies are shaping Alzheimer's disease (AD) research, revealing new molecular insights and improving biomarker discovery. Here, we summarize major AD proteomics studies since our 2021 review, focusing on disease mechanisms and biomarker identification. Enhanced sensitivity and throughput in proteome profiling have been driven by mass spectrometry (MS)-based approaches and affinity-based platforms (e.

Quinazoline Derivative kzl052 Suppresses Prostate Cancer by Targeting WRN Helicase to Stabilize DNA Replication Forks.

WRN helicases play a key role in DNA replication, repair, and other processes in a variety of tumors. It has become one of the hot targets of genotoxic drugs, but the effect and mechanism of targeting WRN against prostate cancer is still unclear. In our previous study, we found a quinazoline compound kzl052, which has a WRN-dependent inhibitory effect on prostate cancer cells, but its molecular mechanism needs to be further explored.

Excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of Al-Ce-Zr alloys.

In this study, the effect of Zr elements on Al-10Ce alloys were investigated in terms of the microstructure, mechanical properties at room and high temperatures, and corrosion resistance. Meanwhile, the finite element simulations on tensile fracture was adopted to explain the fracture process of Al-Ce alloys. Results showed that as Zr content increased from 0.

Atomistic mechanisms of superlubricity in carbon nanotube heterostructures under linear elastic deformation.

Heterostructures have been introduced to achieve superior performance by assembling low-dimensional van der Waals materials. However, the friction properties of nanohybrids composed of one-dimensional (1D) nanotubes and two-dimensional (2D) materials remain challenging to detect experimentally. Herein, we employ atomic simulations to investigate the relationship between friction and deformation in a sandwich structure, where a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) is encapsulated between graphene layers.

Design and synthesis of 2-amino-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine derivatives as potential Werner-dependent antiproliferative agents.

To uncover novel inhibitors of Werner (WRN) helicase, this study adopted the scaffold-hopping strategy to design and synthesize 24 novel 2-amino-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine derivatives. The MTT assay was employed to evaluate the anticancer activity of target compounds against microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) cell lines (HCT116 and LNCaP) and microsatellite stability (MSS) cell lines (SW620 and PC3). Some compounds demonstrated significant inhibitory activity against all four cancer cell lines.

Rapid detection of deltamethrin content in drinking water based on the fusion strategy of Raman spectroscopy and UV-vis spectroscopy based on stoichiometric method.

The issue of the quality and safety of drinking water has attracted widespread attention worldwide. This paper utilizes Raman-ultraviolet fusion spectroscopy to detect deltamethrin pesticide residues in drinking water. First of all, the support vector machine (SVM) qualitative discriminative model was established based on single spectrum and data-level fusion spectrum combined with Bald eagle search (BES) optimization algorithm respectively, and the recognition accuracy was as high as 97.

Dietary advanced glycation end-products promote food allergy by disrupting intestinal barrier and enhancing Th2 immunity.

Epidemiological studies have suggested a link between the consumption of foods high in advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and an increased risk of food allergy (FA). However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unelucidated. In this study, we present complementary epidemiological and experimental evidence showing the pathogenic role of dietary AGEs (dAGEs) in facilitating the development of FA.

An Arthroscopic Robotic System for Meniscoplasty with Autonomous Operation Ability.

Meniscoplasty is a common surgical procedure used to treat meniscus tears. During the operation, there are often key challenges such as a limited visual field, a narrow operating space, and difficulties in controlling the resection range. Therefore, this study developed an arthroscopic robotic system with the ability of autonomous meniscus resection to achieve better surgical outcomes.

A dataset for quality evaluation of pelvic X-ray and diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip.

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) stands as one of the preeminent hip disorders prevalent in pediatric orthopedics. Automated diagnostic instruments, driven by artificial intelligence methodologies, are capable of providing substantial assistance to clinicians in the diagnosis of DDH. We have developed a dataset designated as Multitasking DDH (MTDDH), which is composed of two sub-datasets.

Genomic Analysis of Two Histamine-Producing Strains Isolated from Yellowfin Tuna.

Psychrotrophic spp. is a typical histamine producer commonly found in seafood, exhibiting a high histamine-producing capacity. In this study, two strains of (GWT 902 and GWT 904) isolated from yellowfin tuna were subjected to phenotypic and genotypic characterization.

Chang'E-5 radar reveals fast regolith production at landing site.

Lunar regolith is an unconsolidated fine-grained layer overlaying on the entire lunar surface, formed by continuous impact and space weathering processes. The production of lunar regolith is both related to the protolith internal properties and the external gardening primarily modulated by impact flux. The penetrating radar data of Chang'E-5 is used to investigate the subsurface structures and the production and evolution of lunar regolith at the landing site.

Predictive Value of Lymphocyte Subsets for Non-Viral Infection-Induced Early Sepsis in Adults.

Background: Although incidence and mortality vary widely among regions, sepsis remains a major cause of morbidity and cost worldwide. This study was conducted retrospectively to investigate the early indicative and predictive values of lymphocyte subsets in patients with sepsis.

Methods: A total of 106 patients with sepsis and 22 patients without sepsis were enrolled in the study.

Unveiling PFAS hazard in European surface waters using an interpretable machine-learning model.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), commonly known as "forever chemicals", are ubiquitous in surface waters and potentially threaten human health and ecosystems. Despite extensive monitoring efforts, PFAS risk in European surface waters remain poorly understood, as performing PFAS analyses in all surface waters is remarkably challenging. This study developed two machine-learning models to generate the first maps depicting the concentration levels and ecological risks of PFAS in continuous surface waters across 44 European countries, at a 2-km spatial resolution.

Grading criteria on radionecrosis of skin (GCRNS) in adult patients: Insights from Delphi study and validation process.

Background: Radionecrosis of skin (RNS) is the severe consequence of radiodermatitis (RD), which is a common complication experienced in up to 95 % of cancer patients after radiation therapy (RT). Recent publications revealed an absence of grading criteria for RNS and only crude forms for RD. However, treatments for RNS of different severity vary widely in terms of treatment difficulty and prognosis.

Degradation of novel PFOA alternatives in fluoropolymer production by UV activated persulfate: Efficiency, mechanism and structural effects.

Ultraviolet-activated persulfate (UV/PS) represents a promising advanced oxidation process (AOP) for the elimination of toxic and bio-refractory organic pollutants in wastewater due to the advantages of SO•. C7 HFPO-TA, one of the latest alternatives to PFOA in fluoropolymers production, with a unique structural fragment (CFO-CF(CF)-) that has been frequently identified in effluents, surface waters, and sediments in proximity to fluorochemical industrial zone. In this study, we evaluated the degradation of C7 HFPO-TA and co-existing PFHxA in AOPs, mainly focusing on the molecular structure effect on the chemical affinity with different reactive species (RSs).

Optimization and scaling-up of porous solid electrolyte electrochemical reactors for hydrogen peroxide electrosynthesis.

The recently developed porous solid electrolyte (PSE) reactor for electrosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide (HO) has attracted significant global interest. However, scaling up the PSE reactor for practical applications poses challenges, particularly due to performance decline in enlarged reactors. Here we systematically investigate how factors such as material selection, assembly parameters, flow field patterns, and operating conditions influence HO electrosynthesis in the PSE reactor.

Midkine Attenuates Aβ Fibril Assembly and Amyloid Plaque Formation.

Proteomic profiling of Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains has identified numerous understudied proteins, including midkine (MDK), that are highly upregulated and correlated with Aβ since the early disease stage, but their roles in disease progression are not fully understood. Here we present that MDK attenuates Aβ assembly and influences amyloid formation in the 5xFAD amyloidosis mouse model. MDK protein mitigates fibril formation of both Aβ40 and Aβ42 peptides in Thioflavin T fluorescence assay, circular dichroism, negative stain electron microscopy, and NMR analysis.

Physiochemical and functional properties of gelatin obtained from frigate mackerel (), skipjack tuna (), Longtail tuna () and yellowfin tuna () skin.

This study conducted a systematic investigation into the physicochemical and functional properties of gelatin extracted through alkaline methods from the skins of four commercially significant tuna species: frigate mackerel (), skipjack tuna (), longtail tuna (), and yellowfin tuna (). Comparative analyses revealed notable species-specific variations in gelatin yield, amino acid composition, molecular weight distribution, and functional performance. Notably, yellowfin tuna skin gelatin (YSG) exhibited the highest melting point (28.