Mechanisms of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex Volatile Oil in Alleviating 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Mucositis via Multi-Omics Approaches.

Purpose: Chemotherapy-induced mucositis (CIM) causes severe gastrointestinal symptoms in cancer patients. Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, a traditional medicine, has demonstrated therapeutic promise in mitigating intestinal mucositis and gastrointestinal disorders, with advantages including marked efficacy and low adverse effect profiles compared to conventional pharmacotherapies. However, the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of the volatile oil of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex (MagO) against CIM remain elusive.

Durable cesium metal halide perovskite nanorods formed using a multifunctional polycationic diblock copolymer.

A well-defined multidentate polycationic diblock copolymer with multiple quaternary ammonium and sulfonium groups is judiciously synthesized living radical polymerization. This polymer can serve as a strong passivating ligand to replace the short ligand on a perovskite nanorod, thereby significantly enhancing its colloidal stability, moisture stability, photostability and thermal stability.

Curcumin modulates tracheal epithelial cell autophagy in asthma by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway via SCGB3A2.

Background And Objective: Asthma, a chronic inflammatory airway disease, presents a significant global health burden. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which curcumin modulates tracheal epithelial cell autophagy in asthma, with a specific focus on its interplay with SCGB3A2 and the NF-κB pathway.

Methods: An in vitro asthma model was mimicked using 16HBE cells treated with TDI.

Novel Biphenyls From Garcinia multiflora: Isolation and α-Amylase Inhibitory Properties.

Garcinia multiflora Champ. ex Benth. is a microphanerophyte species belonging to the genus Garcinia in the family Clusiaceae.

Robust and Biodegradable Heterogeneous Electronics with Customizable Cylindrical Architecture for Interference-Free Respiratory Rate Monitoring.

A rapidly growing field is piezoresistive sensor for accurate respiration rate monitoring to suppress the worldwide respiratory illness. However, a large neglected issue is the sensing durability and accuracy without interference since the expiratory pressure always coupled with external humidity and temperature variations, as well as mechanical motion artifacts. Herein, a robust and biodegradable piezoresistive sensor is reported that consists of heterogeneous MXene/cellulose-gelation sensing layer and Ag-based interdigital electrode, featuring customizable cylindrical interface arrangement and compact hierarchical laminated architecture for collectively regulating the piezoresistive response and mechanical robustness, thereby realizing the long-term breath-induced pressure detection.

Enhancing plant resilience under combined stress: the role of reflectance spectroscopy.

Plants in natural environments are exposed to complex and unpredictable stress factors, with multiple stresses such as heatwaves and droughts often co-occurring, a trend that is intensifying with global climate change. Reflectance spectroscopy, a valuable tool in plant stress research, measures spectral properties that are closely tied to plant health. However, most existing studies have primarily focused on using spectroscopy to assess single stress factors, with a significant lack of attention on combined stress.

Polyelectrolyte Complex-Based Artificial Biofilms as Versatile Living Biomaterials.

Bacterial biofilms, while recognized as promising functional biomaterials, are constrained by intricate growth dynamics, complex extracellular polymer compositions, and limited processability. Here, we address these challenges by employing polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) to create artificial biofilms via a one-step synthesis with predefined extracellular composition and enhanced processability, achieving natural biofilm-like bacterial density and properties across diverse bacterial species. The PEC matrix confers robust bacterial protection, resisting antibiotic concentrations 1000-fold above the minimal inhibitory level, lyophilization, and acidic environments.

The immunosuppressive microenvironment modulated by glioma-associated mesenchymal stem cells: Current status and potential strategies.

Glioma, the most prevalent primary malignant tumor of the central nervous system, exhibits aggressive progression and poor prognosis, largely due to its highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Glioma-associated mesenchymal stem cells (GA-MSCs), a key component of the glioma TME, play a dual and context-dependent role in tumor biology. On one hand, GA-MSCs actively shape immunosuppression by interacting with various immune cells-including T cells, B cells, natural killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells (DCs), and macrophages-via soluble factors (e.

Glycosaminoglycan sugar side chains on perineuronal nets in the fastigial nucleus regulate motor skills.

Perineuronal nets (PNNs), composed primarily of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans with core proteins and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) side chains, are specialized extracellular matrices that modulate synaptic transmission. However, the specific function of PNNs in the cerebellum, particularly in the fastigial nucleus (FN), and their influence on motor skill regulation remains unclear. Here, we initially performed chemogenetic inactivation of the FN and confirmed that the activity of glutamatergic neurons in the FN is required for both gross and fine motor skills.

Structural basis for the activity regulation of Medicago calcium channel CNGC15.

Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels (CNGCs) in plants mediate Ca influx in response to environmental changes. Among numerous plant CNGCs, Medicago truncatula CNGC15a/b/c (MtCNGC15) is localized to the nuclear envelope. The opening and closing cycle of MtCNGC15 is tightly associated with the Ca oscillation in symbiosis.

The value of habitat analysis based on F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT images for prostate cancer risk grading.

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of habitat analysis by positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) with F-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-1007 (F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT) for prediction of risk grading based on the Gleason Score (GS) for primary prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: The data of 42 PCa patients who underwent F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT before puncture biopsy or radical prostatectomy were included for analysis. The whole prostate was manually contoured on PET and CT images as the volume of interest (VOI).

Silver Modified Covalent Organic Framework Nanotraps for Efficient Radioiodine Capture: Synergizing Charge-Transfer Interaction and Redox Chemisorption Under Extreme Conditions.

Efficient sequestration of radioiodine is imperative for safeguarding ecosystems and advancing sustainable nuclear energy development. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are emerging iodine adsorbents, while their practical application is hindered by suboptimal decontamination efficiency under extreme nuclear reprocessing conditions, particularly for ppm-level iodine. For ultra-efficient iodine capture, a tailored linker engineering strategy is developed to precisely control the uniform distribution of silver nanoparticles within a robust sp-amine-linked COF (Ag-SCU-COF-5).

Glioma-Associated Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells Derived Exosomal miR-191 Promotes the Proneural-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Glioblastoma Cells via PTEN/PI3K/AKT Signaling.

Background: The proneural-to-mesenchymal transition (PMT) represents a crucial phenotypic transformation in glioblastoma. Glioma-associated mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (GaMSCs) play a significant role in diverse biological processes of gliomas. However, the impact of exosomes released from GaMSCs (GaMSCs-Exos) on the PMT of glioblastoma remains inadequately understood.

A comprehensive review of ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacological effects, and quality control of Bletilla striata.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Rchb.F.

Halogenated Dipyridine Alkaloids from and Its Mutant Strain upon Precursor Feeding.

Nineteen uncovered 2,2'-dipyridine alkaloids (-), along with six previously reported analogues (-), were isolated from the wild strain OUCMDZ-413 and its mutant strain CRM005. These strains were cultured with the addition of various halogenated pyridine-2-carboxylic acid precursors in a liquid medium. The isolated compounds included nine fluorinated products (-, , , , , and ), eight chlorinated products (-, , , , , and ), and one brominated product ().

The evolution law of mining stress concentration effect and mining pressure manifestation mechanism under different pushing methods in valley landforms.

The movement of overburden strata under valley geomorphological conditions presents significant challenges for ground pressure control and the protection of surface ecosystems and aquifers. In this study, geological and boundary mechanical conditions were obtained through field investigation and monitoring, and were subsequently applied in both physical similarity simulation and numerical modeling. The research focuses on two mining sequences-steep gully to deep gully (SG→DG) and deep gully to steep gully (DG→SG)-to analyze the evolution of stress and displacement in overburden strata at different mining stages.

CD11b Blockade Ameliorates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Reducing Neutrophil and Monocyte Infiltration.

Background: Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a leading cause of myocardial dysfunction and is associated with inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis. The integrin subunit ITGAM (also known as CD11b) mainly mediates leukocyte infiltration in the inflammatory process. However, the importance of CD11b in the development of myocardial I/R injury is unclear.

Deep brain stimulation for dystonia treatment in cerebral palsy: efficacy exploration.

Dystonia, a challenging movement disorder, poses significant therapeutic challenges due to its resistance to treatment, resulting in both physical impairment and substantial mental distress, ultimately impacting overall quality of life. Cerebral palsy (CP) is a major non-genetic cause of secondary dystonia, characterized by diverse clinical presentations. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of deep brain stimulation (DBS) as a therapeutic intervention for individuals with dystonic CP.

Triple-channel electron transfer of oxygen vacancy-engineered Z-scheme FeCoO/defective BiOBr-Ag plasmonic catalysts: A full-day catalyst for light/dark dual-mode environmental remediation.

The integration of photo-Fenton catalysis couple oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has shown significant advantages in industrial water-pollution treatment. In this work, a ternary heterojunction catalyst (Ag@FeCoO/Defective-BiOBr, AFB) with rich oxygen vacancies (OVs) was developed by integrating defect engineering, Z-scheme heterojunction, and Ag surface plasmon for light/dark dual-mode pollutants degradation. A unique "three-channel" electron transfer mechanism was designed for the first time, enabling the enhanced electron migration dynamics.

Isocucurbitacin B inhibits gliomas through the promotion of anoikis by targeting caveolin 1.

Gliomas, known for their aggressive nature, high recurrence rates, and resistance to conventional therapies, require the development of novel treatment strategies. This study emphasizes the critical role of caveolin 1 (CAV1) in glioma progression and highlights the potent anti-glioma effects of isocucurbitacin B. The compound effectively inhibits glioma cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, while also inducing G2/M phase arrest and promoting apoptosis.

Dietary arachidonic acid improves the growth performance, anti-oxidant capacity and ovary development of female rice field eel broodstocks ().

Arachidonic acid (ARA) is crucial for the growth, antioxidant capacity, and reproductive performance of fish. This study was conducted to assess the impact of dietary ARA on female rice field eel () broodstocks. A total of 600 eels, averaging 117.

Insights into next-generation immunotherapy designs and tools: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic prospects.

Immunotherapy has revolutionized the oncology treatment paradigm, and CAR-T cell therapy in particular represents a significant milestone in treating hematological malignancies. Nevertheless, tumor resistance due to target heterogeneity or mutation remains a Gordian knot for immunotherapy. This review elucidates molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential of next-generation immunotherapeutic tools spanning genetically engineered immune cells, multi-specific antibodies, and cell engagers, emphasizing multi-targeting strategies to enhance personalized immunotherapy efficacy.

Subthalamic deep brain stimulation in isolated generalised or segmental dystonia (RELAX Study): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, controlled trial.

Background: The safety and effectiveness of deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) for the treatment of dystonia lack high-level evidence-based medical support. This study aimed to clarify the efficacy and safety of STN-DBS and perform a post hoc analysis comparing it with DBS of the internal globus pallidus (GPi-DBS).

Methods: This multicentre, randomised, double-blind, controlled trial included 67 patients aged 6-60 years old diagnosed with genetic or idiopathic isolated generalised or segmental dystonia.