Delineating unique MASH-endothelial cells in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease using single-cell lensing.

Background: The role of hepatocytes in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is well-documented. However, the contribution of endothelial cells to MASLD pathology remains poorly understood.

Methods: In this study, we employed a multifaceted approach that integrated high-dimensional weighted gene co-expression network analysis (hdWGCNA), interaction analysis, machine learning, immune cell infiltration assessment, and Mendelian randomization.

IFITM3 enhances immunosensitivity via MHC-I regulation and is associated with the efficacy of anti-PD-1/-L1 therapy in SCLC.

Background: Most small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients exhibit resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and demonstrate downregulation of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules. This study aimed to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms underlying MHC-I expression and potential combination strategies.

Methods: Single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing data from SCLC patients were analyzed.

WISP3 upregulates SDCBP expression to promote the progression of non-small cell lung cancer via the TGF-β signaling pathway.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85% of lung cancer cases, posing a major health burden. Our prior work indicated fibronectin promotes NSCLC angiogenesis and progression by upregulating Wnt-inducible signaling pathway protein 3 (WISP3) and activating Wnt signaling. This study aims to explore WISP3's role and mechanisms in NSCLC progression.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness and Safety Profile of First-Line Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Combined with Chemotherapy in Pulmonary Sarcomatoid Carcinoma.

Background: Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) represents a rare subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and it has poor pathologic differentiation, aggressive progression, and early metastasis. Conventional antitumor therapies demonstrate limited efficacy against PSC, which is frequently associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes.

Methods: We conducted an open-label, single-arm Phase II trial.

Artificial intelligence-assisted early screening of acute promyelocytic leukaemia in blood smears: a prospective evaluation of MC-100i.

Objectives: Identification of abnormal promyelocytes is crucial for early diagnosis of Acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) and for reducing the early mortality rate of APL patients, which can be achieved by microscopic blood smear observation. However, microscopic observation has shortcomings, including interobserver variability and training difficulty. This is the first study evaluating the performance of MC-100i, an artificial intelligence (AI)-based digital morphology analyser, in identifying abnormal promyelocytes in blood smears and thus assisting in the early screening of APL.

Formulation and Evaluation of Solid Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System of Cannabidiol for Enhanced Solubility and Bioavailability.

This study aims to develop a solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) to enhance the solubility and oral bioavailability of cannabidiol (CBD). According to the solubility of CBD and pseudo-ternary phase diagrams of the different ingredients, an oil (medium-chain triglyceride, MCT), mixed surfactants (Labrasol, Tween 80), and a co-surfactant (Transcutol) were selected for the SNEDDS. CBD-loaded SNEDDS formulations were prepared and characterized.

Corrigendum To: PIWIL1 Promotes Malignant Progression of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma by Inducing EVA1A Expression.

In the article titled "PIWIL1 Promotes Malignant Progression of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma by Inducing EVA1A Expression" published in Current Cancer Drug Targets, Volume 24, No. 2, 2024, pp. 192-203, the authors have identified errors in Figures 6 (E, F) and 7 (E, F).

Differential expression of the MYC-Notch axis drives divergent responses to the front-line therapy in central and peripheral extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer.

Central and peripheral extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) are reported to be two distinct tumor entities, but their responses to the front-line therapies and underlying biological mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we first compared the outcomes of central and peripheral ES-SCLC receiving front-line chemotherapy or chemo-immunotherapy with a cohort of 265 patients. Then we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on nine treatment-naïve ES-SCLC samples to investigate potential mechanisms underlying the response differences.

AYVM to AYMM Transition on HER2 Exon 20 Insertion Induces Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Resistance in NSCLC.

Introduction: Pyrotinib, a novel pan-HER tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has demonstrated substantial anti-tumor activity in patients with NSCLC harboring HER2 mutations. Nevertheless, the inevitable resistance to pyrotinib necessitates an in-depth understanding of the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: Resistance-associated mutations were identified through genomic sequencing of paired baseline and post-resistance samples from 40 patients.

Multi-omics with dynamic network biomarker algorithm prefigures organ-specific metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma.

Efficacious strategies for early detection of lung cancer metastasis are of significance for improving the survival of lung cancer patients. Here we show the marker genes and serum secretome foreshadowing the lung cancer site-specific metastasis through dynamic network biomarker (DNB) algorithm, utilizing two clinical cohorts of four major types of lung cancer distant metastases, with single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of primary lesions and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry data of sera. Also, we locate the intermediate status of cancer cells, along with its gene signatures, in each metastatic state trajectory that cancer cells at this stage still have no specific organotropism.

Identification of the Optimal Quantitative RT-PCR Reference Gene for Paper Mulberry ().

Paper Mulberry () possesses medicinal, economic, and ecological significance and is extensively used for feed production, papermaking, and ecological restoration due to its ease of propagation, rapid growth rate, and strong stress resistance. The recent completion of the sequencing of the Paper Mulberry genome has prompted further research into the genetic breeding and molecular biology of this important species. A highly stable reference gene is essential to enhance the quantitative analysis of functional genes in Paper Mulberry; however, none has been identified.

RAC1 inhibition ameliorates IBSP-induced bone metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma.

Macrophage-to-osteoclast differentiation (osteoclastogenesis) plays an essential role in tumor osteolytic bone metastasis (BM), while its specific mechanisms remain largely uncertain in lung adenocarcinoma BM. In this study, we demonstrate that integrin-binding sialoprotein (IBSP), which is highly expressed in the cancer cells from bone metastatic and primary lesions of patients with lung adenocarcinoma, can facilitate BM and directly promote macrophage-to-osteoclast differentiation independent of RANKL/M-CSF. In vivo results further suggest that osteolytic BM in lung cancer specifically relies on IBSP-induced macrophage-to-osteoclast differentiation.

Top 20 NSCLC Clinical and Translational Science Papers That Shaped the 20 Years Since the Discovery of Activating Mutations in NSCLC. An Editor-in-Chief Expert Panel Consensus Survey.

The year 2024 is the 20 anniversary of the discovery of activating epidermal growth factor receptor () mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Since then, tremendous advances have been made in the treatment of NSCLC based on this discovery. Some of these studies have led to seismic changes in the concept of oncology research and spurred treatment advances beyond NSCLC, leading to a current true era of precision oncology for all solid tumors.

The deubiquitinase USP2a promotes tumor immunosuppression by stabilizing immune checkpoint B7-H4 in lung adenocarcinoma harboring EGFR-activating mutants.

B7-H4 is an immune checkpoint crucial for inhibiting CD8 T-cell activity. A clinical trial is underway to investigate B7-H4 as a potential immunotherapeutic agent. However, the regulatory mechanism of B7-H4 degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) remains poorly understood.

Single-cell transcriptomics reveal metastatic CLDN4+ cancer cells underlying the recurrence of malignant pleural effusion in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.

Background: Recurrent malignant pleural effusion (MPE) resulting from non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is easily refractory to conventional therapeutics and lacks predictive markers. The cellular or genetic signatures of recurrent MPE still remain largely uncertain.

Methods: 16 NSCLC patients with pleural effusions were recruited, followed by corresponding treatments based on primary tumours.

Increased platelet-CD8+ T-cell aggregates displaying high activation, exhaustion, and tendency to death correlate with disease progression in people with HIV-1.

Platelets engage in HIV-1 infection by interacting with immune cells, which has been realized broadly. However, the potential interaction between platelets and CD8+ T cells remains unidentified. Here, treatment-naive individuals with HIV-1, complete immunological responders to antiretroviral therapy, and healthy controls were enrolled.

TRMT13 inhibits the growth of papillary thyroid cancer by targeting ANAPC4.

The recently discovered gene encodes a type of RNA methylase and is a member of the family (also called CCDC76). Here, we delineate its role in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Bioinformatics analysis shows significant TRMT13 and ANAPC4 downregulation in PTC and reveals that the expression levels of both genes are linearly correlated.

Efficacy and safety of local ablative therapy for patients with NSCLC and coexisting interstitial lung disease.

Background: The effective therapeutic approach is still an unmet need for patients diagnosed with both lung cancer and interstitial lung disease (ILD). This is primarily due to the possible risk of ILD exacerbation caused by surgery or radiotherapy. The current study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of local ablative therapy (LAT) for this specific population.