Gold nanocages coated with polyoxazoline: A NIR-triggered strategy for dual antibacterial and osteogenic enhancement.

Orthopedic-associated infections remain a significant challenge in orthopedic surgery, often leading to bacterial infections and impaired bone healing. Addressing these complications requires innovative strategies that simultaneously combat infections and enhance bone regeneration. In this study, we developed gold nanocages coated with polyoxazoline (AuNCs@PEtOx) via surface carboxylation, designed for dual-functional antibacterial and osteogenic applications under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation.

Interleukin-33 promotes dopaminergic neuron survival and inhibits glial activation in Parkinson's disease models.

Interleukin-33 (IL33) plays a critical role in modulating immune and inflammatory responses across various diseases, yet its influence on Parkinson's disease (PD) remains elusive. In this study, we provide substantial evidence that global depletion of Il33 exacerbates PD pathology and motor deficits in vivo. Moreover, Il33 deficiency diminishes the communication between astrocytes and microglia, leading to a more profound injury to primary neurons in vitro.

Stepwise Post-Modification of Pyridine-Imine COFs for Enhanced Hydrolytic Stability and Proton Conductivity.

Emerging as a type of promising material for proton conduction, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) assembled from dynamic imine bonds face a challenge of surmounting hydrolytic instability to achieve long-term performance in humid environments. In this work, we report a post-synthetic strategy to simultaneously enhance the hydrolytic stability and hydrophilicity of a pyridine-imine-based COF, COF-LIFM7, without compromising its crystallinity and porosity. A bifunctional monomer containing amino and acetal groups was employed to construct the primary framework, which was subsequently modified via amide formation and pyridine N-oxidation to yield COF-LIFM7-Amide and COF-LIFM7-Amide-NO.

Sequential anaerobic-aerobic photocatalytic degradation of halogenated organic pollutants via dual-site confined carbon nitride.

Solar-driven photocatalytic dehalogenation and mineralization of halogenated organic pollutants (HOPs) remain a significant challenge. In this study, we develop a dual-site confined g-CN (CN)-based catalyst, incorporating cerium doping and nitrogen vacancies (Ce-FCNV), for a sequential anaerobic-aerobic photocatalytic system designed for the deep treatment of HOPs-contaminated wastewater. The Ce-FCNV catalyst demonstrates a remarkable 36.

Mapping 1-km soybean yield across China from 2001 to 2020 based on ensemble learning.

Soybean is a critical agricultural product in China, with domestic production unable to satisfy the substantial demand, leading to a huge reliance on imports. To support the scientific formulation of agricultural policies and the optimization of domestic planting structures, we developed a high-resolution annual soybean yield dataset for China (2001-2020), ChinaSoyYield1km. This dataset was generated by applying ensemble learning algorithms and spatial decomposition to a comprehensive set of multi-source data, including climate variables, remote sensing imagery, soil properties, agricultural management practices, and official yield records.

Formation of 1D "Perovskitoid" (API)PbBr Instead of Layered <110> Oriented 2D-Perovskite (API)PbBr Under Different Dissolution Temperatures.

The corrugated <110> oriented layered metal halide perovskites (MHP) are gaining increased attention for a variety of properties including intrinsic white light emission. One prototypical candidate is 1-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole lead bromide, which was reported to crystallize as the <110> oriented perovskite (API)PbBr [API = 1-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole]. This work shows that under similar reaction conditions, the same components can instead form (API)PbBr, which has a "perovskitoid" structure.

Anionic polysaccharides mixture control the assembly of nanoscale building blocks of calcium carbonate into hierarchical spherical and rod-shaped mesocrystals.

Biominerals, as complex organic-inorganic nanocomposites synthesized by organisms, exhibit unique properties across various scales. This study investigates the role of soluble organic molecules, specifically acidic polysaccharides such as N-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) and chondroitin 6-sulfate (ChS), in regulating the formation of calcium carbonate mesocrystals. Using a precipitation method, the effects of these polymers on the morphology, size, and polymorphism of mesocrystals were evaluated.

A continuous covalent organic framework membrane as an artificial solid electrolyte interphase for lithium metal anodes.

Lithium (Li) metal is a promising next-generation anode material, but it suffers from dendrite growth and unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). We developed a robust and continuous self-standing covalent organic framework (COF) membrane using a same-phase synthesis method and utilized the membrane as an artificial SEI. The membrane suppressed dendrite growth and enhanced the stability and longevity of Li metal anode cycling.

Candidate biomarkers of EV-microRNA in detecting REM sleep behavior disorder and Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) lacks reliable, non-invasive biomarker tests for early intervention and management. Thus, a minimally invasive test for the early detection and monitoring of PD and REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is a highly unmet need for developing drugs and planning patient care. Extracellular vehicles (EVs) are found in a wide variety of biofluids, including plasma.

Ion-Conductive Metallo-Covalent Organic Frameworks Constructed with Tridentate Ligand and Zn Nodes.

Metallo-covalent organic frameworks (metallo-COFs) are organometallic scaffolds in which covalently bonded organic frameworks are interwoven with metal-coordinated pendant groups. Unlike the rigid ligands traditionally used for metal coordination, the utilization of "soft" ligands allows for configurable topology and pore structure in metallo-COFs, particularly when the ligands are generated in situ during dynamic synthesis. In this study, we present the rational synthesis of metallo-COFs based on pyridine-2,6-diimine (pdi), wherein the incorporation of Zn ions and in situ-generated tridentate ligands (pdi) yields metallo-COFs with a square-like lattice.

Computational investigation of a 3D-printed skin substitute with orthotropy in mechanical property.

As a promising treatment for third-degree burns, grafting with bioengineering skin substitutes shows a capability to overcome the deficiency of donor skin. Similar mechanical properties with human skin are required for employed skin substitutes to avoid secondary damage to patients. Given the representativeness of orthotropy in mechanical properties, there is a need for developing orthotropic skin substitutes.

Fluorinated Covalent Organic Framework-Based Nanofluidic Interface for Robust Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

To realize the practical application of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, there is a need to inhibit uncontrolled Li deposition by facilitating Li-ion migration, and suppress the irreversible consumption of cathodes by preventing polysulfide shuttling. However, a permselective artifical membrane or interlayer which features fast ion transport but low polysulfide crossover is elusive. Here, we report the design and synthesis of a fluorinated covalent organic framework (4F-COF)-based membrane with a high permselectivity and increased battery lifespan.

Cropland carbon stocks driven by soil characteristics, rainfall and elevation.

Soil organic carbon (SOC) can influence atmospheric CO concentration and then the extent to which the climate emergency is mitigated globally. It follows the elucidation of the driving factors of cropland SOC stocks, which is fundamental to reducing soil carbon loss and promoting soil carbon sequestration. Here, we examined the influence of 16 environmental variables on SOC stocks and sequestration based on three machine learning soil mapping methods, i.

Investigation on the Temperature Distribution Uniformity of an Extrusion-Based 3D Print Head and Its Temperature Control Strategy.

Extrusion-based 3D printing for thermoplastic polymers manifests potential for the fabrication of biocompatible and biodegradable scaffolds. However, the uncontrollable shape of printed filaments usually negatively impacts on the printing processes. Non-uniform temperature in the print head is a primary cause of inaccuracy in the diameter of filaments formed during the process of extruding thermoplastic polymers.

Efficacy of idebenone in the Treatment of iRBD into Synucleinopathies (EITRS): rationale, design, and methodology of a randomized, double-blind, multi-center clinical study.

Background: As the strongest prodromal marker of α-synuclein-specific neurodegeneration, idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is becoming a focus of interest in disease-modifying therapy. Idebenone has been widely portrayed as a potent antioxidant targeting mitochondrial dysfunction. Previous study has identified the effect of idebenone on Parkinson's disease with promising outcomes by regulating mitophagy.

Cdc42 Promotes Axonogenesis of Primary Hippocampal Neurons by Inhibiting Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β.

Background: Progressive axon degeneration is a common pathological feature of neurodegenerative diseases. Cdc42 is a member of the Rho GTPase family that participates in axonogenesis. GSK-3β is a serine/threonine kinase highly implicated in neuronal development and neurodegeneration.

A modified method for Billroth-II gastrojejunostomy after laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy.

Background: There are many types of gastrojejunostomy reconstruction after laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) for gastric cancer, each of which has merits and demerits. This study introduced a novel method (called pant-shaped anastomosis) involving the construction of a side-to-side anastomosis between the afferent loop and efferent loop at the site of gastrojejunal anastomosis using a linear stapler. The results of applying pant-shaped anastomosis to LADG were also analyzed.

Phosphorus/Phosphide-Based Materials for Alkali Metal-Ion Batteries.

Phosphorus- and phosphide-based materials with remarkable physicochemical properties and low costs have attracted significant attention as the anodes of alkali metal (e.g., Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca)-ion batteries (AIBs).

A Modified Anastomosis Technique for Esophagojejunostomy after Laparoscopy-Assisted Total Gastrectomy: A Single Team Preliminary Experience.

Results: There were no significant differences between the cRY group and pRY group regarding age, sex, BMI, neoadjuvant therapy, preoperative comorbidities, history of laparotomy, ASA score, tumor location, pathological stage, total operative time, incision length, blood loss, time-to-first flatus, time-to-first soft diet, and postoperative hospital stays. The proportions of patients who received a 21 mm stapler were higher in the cRY group (7/44) than that in the pRY group (0/68) ( = 0.003).

Possible predictors of phenoconversion in isolated REM sleep behaviour disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: A number of promising biomarkers for predicting imminent α-synucleinopathies have been suggested in isolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder (iRBD). However, existing evidence is conflicting without quantitative evaluation.

Methods: PubMed, Web of Science and ClinicalTrials.

Development and Validation of a Prognostic Model for Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease With REM Sleep Behavior Disorder.

The presentation and progression of Parkinson's disease (PD) are not uniform, but the presence of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) in PD patients may indicate a worse prognosis than isolated PD. Increasing evidence suggests that patients with comorbid PD and RBD (PD-RBD) are more likely to develop cognitive impairment (CI) than those with isolated PD; however, the predictors of CI in PD-RBD patients are not well understood. This study aimed to develop a prognostic model for predicting mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in PD-RBD patients.

Inverted core-shell potential energy landscape of icosahedral clusters in deeply undercooled metallic liquids and glasses and its effect on the glass forming ability of bcc and fcc metals.

Current understanding of the origin of icosahedral clusters or icosahedral short-range ordering in undercooled metallic liquids or glasses is based on Frank's consideration of an isolated icosahedron whose core has lower potential energy than the shell. Using large scale atomistic simulations and statistical analysis of several bcc (body-centered-cubic) and fcc (face-centered-cubic) metals, here we show that the shells of icosahedrons spontaneously formed inside deeply undercooled metallic liquids or glasses in fact have lower (averaged) potential energy than the cores. The shell potential energy deficiency occurs only to the icosahedral clusters but not to the equilibrium-crystal clusters, and, for icosahedral clusters, this deficiency grows with decreasing temperature.

Divergent Chemistry Paths for 3D and 1D Metallo-Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs).

The marriage of dynamic covalent chemistry (DCC) and coordination chemistry is a powerful tool for assembling complex architectures from simple building units. Recently, the synthesis of woven covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with topologically fascinating structures has been achieved using this approach. However, the scope is highly limited and there is a need to discover new pathways that can assemble covalently linked organic threads into crystalline frameworks.